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The P-wave velocity structure of the lithosphere of the North China Craton——Results from the Wendeng-Alxa Left Banner deep seismic sounding profile

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第12期57卷 2053-2063页

作者： WANG ShuaiJun WANG FuYun ZHANG JianShi JIA ShiXu ZHANG ChengKe zhao jinren LIU BaoFeng Geophysical Exploration Center of China Earthquake Administration

For the first time on the Chinese mainland, long-range wide-angle seismic reflection/refraction profiling technology has been applied to seismic wave phases from different depths and with different attributes within the various blocks of the North China Craton to characterize the structure of the crust and upper mantle lithosphere. By comparative analysis of the seismic wave phase characteristics in each block across a 1500-km-long east-west profile, we have identified conventional Pg, Pci, PmP and Pn phases in the crust, made a clear contrast between PL1 and PL2 waves belonging to two groups of lithospheric-scale phases, and produced a model of crust-mantle velocity structures and tectonic characteristics after one- and two-dimensional calcula- tions and processing. The results show that the thickness of the crust and lithosphere gradually deepens from east to west along the profile. However, at the reflection/refraction interface, seismic waves in each group show obvious localized changes in each block. Also, the depth to the crystalline basement changes greatly, from as much as 7.8 km in the North China fault basin to only about 2 km beneath the Jiaodong Peninsula and Taihang-Ltlliang area. The Moho morphology as a whole ranges from shallow in the east to deep in the west, with the deepest point in the Ordos Block at 47 km; in contrast, the North China Plain Block is uplifting. The L1 interface of the lithosphere is observed only to the west of Taihang Mountains, at a relatively slowly changing depth of about 80 km. The L2 interface varies from 75 to 160 km and shows a sharp deepening to the west of Tai- hang Mountains, forming a mutation belt.

关键词： lithosphere velocity structure long observation distance crustal blocks North China Craton(NCC)

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North China sub-craton lithospheric structure elucidated through coal mine blasting

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第4期54卷 669-676页

作者： zhao jinren ZHANG XianKang WANG FuYun ZHANG ChengKe ZHANG JianShi LIU BaoFeng PAN SuZhen Geophysical Exploration Center China Earthquake Administration Zhengzhou 450002 China

We present a super-range seismic observation along the >1300-km-long profile passing through the Yinchuan basin and the Ordos block from the blasting point towards the southeast triggered by a large-(dynamite) scale coal blast in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region's Helan Mountain (yielded a profile). The seismic wave information from the uppermost mantle reflecting different depths was obtained by the China continental seismic survey. Pn refracted waves from the uppermost mantle were effectively traced up to 500 km and beyond. The stable dynamic and kinematic characteristics of the Pn wave-group indicate that the uppermost mantle below the Ordos block is a gently changing structure with a weak positive gradient. If Pm1, Pm2 waves are considered as the wave groups from the upper mantle, there may be distinct structural strata in the upper-mantle structures with average velocities of 7.70―7.80 km/s and 8.10―8.20 km/s, respectively. Based on the travel-time curve feature of Pm1, Pm2 waves, there may be a certain layer with a reverse velocity between the M1 and M2 interfaces. The depth range indicated by them is about 110―120 km and 200―220 km. These phenomena basically reflect the structural features of the upper-mantle lithosphere in this region. The information obtained may provide meaningful references for surveying North China craton lithospheric structures, as well as under-standing the shapes and structures of different spherical layers within the upper-mantle.

关键词：煤矿爆破作业地震剖面地壳构造波信息

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Regional characteristics of the lithospheric structure in the southeast of North China revealed by explosion seismology

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2021年第2期12卷 110-124页

作者： Zhenyu Fan jinren zhao Cejun Ma Mingxin Qu Xiaoguo Deng Baofeng Liu Yan Hai Geophysical Exploration Center of China Earthquake Administration Zhengzhou 450002China

Based on the blasting seismic detection data obtained in the southeast of North China in recent years,this paper comprehensively analyzes and studies the crust-mantle lithospheric structure and seismological characteristics of different tectonic regions,such as offshore basins,west Shandong uplift,Tanlu fault zone and Jiangsu-Shandong orogenic *** low-velocity Pg waves in Dongying depression and Northern Jiangsu basin reveal the unstable basement structure with extremely thick *** travel time of Pg wave is characterized by relatively low propagation velocity and small crustal thickness of offshore continental margin;the first break time and high apparent velocity of Pg wave in west Shandong uplift indicate that the sedimentary basement is relatively *** Pm wave shows the characteristic of dominant wave in the first-order velocity discontinuity of the crust-mantle interface,which reflects the high crustal velocity and stable structure in west Shandong *** Pm and Pl wave are obviously complicated,which can reflect the crust-mantle lithospheric structure of the transitional zone between Tanlu fault zone and Jiangsu-Shandong orogenic *** small time difference between Pn and PL waves can be regarded as the highly destructive seismological manifestation of Tanlu fault zone on the crust-lithosphere *** on many geophysical phenomena such as electrical structure,density structure and terrestrial heat flow,it is believed that the lithospheric destruction degree of Tanlu fault zone and Jiangsu-Shandong orogenic belt was high during the destruction of the North China Craton.

关键词： Blasting seismic detection Crust-mantle lithospheric structure Tanlu fault zone West Shandong uplift

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Study on the basement structure in the southeastern North China by blasting seismic

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2018年第4期9卷 312-319页

作者： Zhenyu Fan jinren zhao Suzhen Pan Cejun Ma Mingxin Qu Yan Hai Xiaoguo Deng Geophysical Exploration Center of China Earthquake Administration Zhengzhou 450002 China

Since the Mesozoic, southeastern North China Craton has experienced intense crustal thinning and lithosphere destruction. Some of the responses of the deep activity in the upper crust crystalline basement have been retained in a series of tectonic evolution. The study of the upper crust velocity structure,especially the properties of the basement interface, is of great significance for studying the tectonic evolution and seismic hazard in the southeastern part of North China. In this study, we selected Pg waves of the blasting seismic data in the southeastern part of North China in recent years, which reflect the west Shandong uplift, offshore sedimentary basins and the Tanlu Fault zone and the Sulu orogenic transition zone, to study the structural and seismological characteristics of basement in North China Craton. The results of this study showed as follows: First, the obvious lag of Pg wave arrival time in Dongying depression and North Jiangsu basin reveals the thick sedimentary, low velocity and unstable basement structure. Second, the advance Pg wave arrival time with high apparent velocity, which reflects the basement structure of the west Shandong uplift, indicates the thin sediments and the shallow basement. Third, combined with many geophysical phenomena, such as electrical structure, density structure and terrestrial heat flow, we hold that the Tanlu tectonic belt and the Sulu orogenic belt have experienced great lithosphere destruction and there is shallow crust and the thinnest lithosphere in the vicinity of the Tanlu fault zone.

关键词： Blasting seismic detection Southeastern North China Crystalline basement Pg arrival time

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Crustal velocity structures and their tectonic implications in different tectonic block regions of the Chinese mainland

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Earthquake Science 2009年第4期22卷 337-346页

作者： Xiankang Zhang Yonghong Duan jinren zhao Chengke Zhang Shixu Jia Jianshi Zhang Fuyun Wang Zhuoxin Yang Suzhen Pan Geophysical Exploration Center China Earthquake Administration Zhengzhou 450002 China

In this paper, the typical velocity structures and average velocities of the crust in six different active tectonic block regions are presented on the basis of previous studies and their tectonic implications are discussed. The results show that different tectonic units have different features of crustal velocity structures. In general, there are low velocity distributions in the crust in regions with strong tectonic activities, and the scales of low velocity distributions are related to the tectonic activities. The average velocities are relatively low in such regions. This reflects strong crustal deformation and the variations of states of matter in the crust resulting from strong tectonic movements. These regions are also seismically active zones frequented by strong earthquakes. Therefore, studying crustal velocity structures of these regions is of great importance to understanding crustal geodynamic process and seismogenic tectonic background.

关键词： tectonic block wide angle reflection and refraction experiments velocity structure crust model

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Deep seismic sounding data reveal the crustal structures beneath Zoigê basin and its surrounding folded orogenic belts

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第2期53卷 203-212页

作者： JIA ShiXu,ZHANG XianKang,zhao jinren,WANG FuYun,ZHANG ChengKe,XU zhaoFan,PAN JiShun,LIU Zhi,PAN SuZhen & SUN GuoWei Geophysical Exploration Center,China Earthquake Administration,Zhengzhou 450002,China Geophysical Exploration Center China Earthquake Administration Zhengzhou China

Songpan-Garze massif is located at the turning position of tectonics from the nearly west-east direction to the nearly north-south direction in the northeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau,with Zoigê basin in the centre of the *** this paper,we build a crustal structure model of Zoigê basin and its surrounding folded orogenic belts using the deep seismic sounding data in this *** also discuss structures and properties of the basement in Zoigê basin,tectonic relations between Zoigê upland basin and its surrounding folded orogenic belts,crustal deformation and thickening in the northeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau,and decoupling and relaxing processes in the *** results indicate that a special "Mesozoic basement" is formed of Triassic rocks with high density (2.65-2.75 g/cm3) and high velocity (5.6 km/s) in Zoigê ***-Garze tectonic massif was transformed into two types of tectonic units with different crustal structures,i.e.,relatively stable Zoigê upland basin and active folded orogenic belts around the basin,in the course of the crustal material of Tibetan Plateau flowing eastward and obstructed by surrounding stable *** thickening of the crust in the northeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau mainly occurred in the mid and lower crust,and the structure characterized by low velocities and multiple reflectors obviously appears in the folded orogenic belts around Zoigê *** implies that the mid and lower crust underwent a strong tectonic deformation in the folded orogenic *** thickness of the crust is about 50 km in Zoigê basin and the folded orogenic belts at the both southern and northern sides of Zoigê *** "Mountain root" cannot be *** is inferred that during the later orogenic period the eastwards flowing deep materials moved clockwise along the relatively relaxing southern side around the eastern tectonic knot under the obstructing of surrounding rigid massifs,and it resulted in the strong stretching action

关键词： Zoigê basin folded orogenic belt deep seismic sounding basement structure crustal structure and tectonics

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Exploration and Research of Deep Crustal Structures in the Zhangzhou Basin and Its Vicinity

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Earthquake Research in China 2006年第4期20卷 412-425页

作者： Zhu Jinfang Fang Shengming Zhang Xiankang Qu Guosheng Huang Zonglin Zhang Chengke zhao jinren Earthquake Administration of Fujian Province Fuzhou 350003 China Geophysical Exploration Center CEA Zhengzhou45002.China National Earthquake Response Support Service CEA Beijing 100049 China

The Zhangzhou basin is located at the middle section of the southeast coast seismic zone of the mainland of China. Using high-resolution refraction and wide-angle reflection/refraction seismic profiling of Zhangzhou basin and its vicinity, we have obtained the crustal geometric structure and velocity structure as well as the geometric configuration and structural relationship between the deep and shallow fractures. The results show that the crust in the region is divided into the upper crust and lower crust. The thickness of the upper crust is 16.5km- 18.8km, and that of the lower crust is 12.0km- 13.0km. The upper crust is further divided into an upper and lower section. In the lower section of the upper crust, there is a low-velocity layer with a velocity of about 6.00km/s; the depth of the top surface of the low-velocity layer is about 12.0km, and the thickness is about 5.0km. The lower crust is also divided into an upper and lower section. The depth of Moho is 29.0km- 31 .8km There are 6 normal faults in the shallow crust in this region, and most of them extend downwards to a depth of less than 4kin, the maximum depth is about 5km. Below the shallow normal faults, there is a conjectural high-dip angle deep fault zone. The fault zone extends downwards till the Moho and upwards into the low-velocity layer in lower section of the upper crust. The deep and shallow faults are not tectonically connected. The combination character of deep and shallow structures in the Zhangzhou basin indicates that the Jiulongjiang fault zone is a deep fault zone with distinct characteristics and a complex deep and shallow structure background. The acquisition of deep seismic exploration results obviously enhanced the reliability of explanation of deep-structural data and the exploration precision of the region. The combination of deep and shallow structures resulted in uniform explanation results. The delamination of the crust and the characteristic of the structures are more pr

关键词： High-resolution refraction Deep seismic wide-angle reflection/refraction Crust-mantle structure Deep structure

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The Crust-mantle Structure and Seismic Risk in Tangyin Graben and Its Adjacent Area

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Earthquake Research in China 1998年第4期12卷 66-76页

作者： Ren Qingfang, Zhang Xiankang, Zhang Chengke, zhao jinren, and Zhou Xuesong Research Center of Exploration Geophysics, CSB, Zhengzhou 450002, China

1-D and 2-D calculation and interpretation are carried out with the DSS data from the western section of Heze-Changzhi profile and the southern section of Zhengzhou-Jinan profile. 2-D velocity structure is determined in Tangyin graben and its adjacent area. The result shows that velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle is obviously different in vertical and lateral directions. Crustal thickness varies apparently in this area, and there are local low velocity blocks in the interior crust. The swelling M-discontinuity corresponds to Tangyin graben and Moho depth at the highest swelling position is 31 km. Toward the east, its depth gradually increases to 32 km in Xunxian swelling; toward the west, M-discontinuity becomes a steep zone at the piedmont uplift of Taihang Mountain and reaches 40 km at depth near Changzhi. Through analyzing the relationship between historical earthquakes and deep structure in North China, we infer that seismic risk exists in Tangyin graben and its adjacent area.

关键词： Tangyin graben and its adjacent area Crust/mantle structure Seismic risk.

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An effector protein of the wheat stripe rust fungus targets chloroplasts to suppress chloroplast-mediated host immunity

An effector protein of the wheat stripe rust fungus targets ...

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中国植物病理学会2019年学术年会

作者： Xu Qiang Tang Chunlei zhao jinren Sun Shutian Wang Xiaodong Kang Zhensheng Wang Xiaojie State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F University

Chloroplasts are important for photosynthesis and plant immunity against microbial ***,there is only limited knowledge on fungal effectors targeting chloroplasts to promote infection of plant pathogenic ***,we identified and characterized a novel haustorium-specific protein from Puccinia striformis ***(Pst) that was secreted and translocated into chloroplasts after the cleavage at the predicted transit *** expression of Pst12806 inhibited BAX-induced cell death in Nicotiana and reduced Pseudomonas-induced hypersensitive response in *** suppressed plant basal immunity by reducing callose deposition and the expression of defense-related ***2806 was highly expressed during infection and the growth and development of Pst were compromised in Pst2806 knockdown plants by HIGS,likely due to increased ROS ***2806 interacted with the TaISP protein of the Cyt b6/f complex and the binding of Pst2806 with its C-terminal Rieske domain disrupted the chloroplast *** of Pst2806 in plants decreased the electron transport rate(ETR),reduced photosynthesis,and attenuated the production of chloroplast-derived *** TaISP by VIGS in a susceptible wheat cultivar reduced fungal growth and uredinium development,suggesting an increase in resistance against Pst *** together,our results showed that Pst2806 is translocated into chloroplasts to perturb photosynthesis to avoid triggering cell death and support pathogen survival on live plants,indicating the importance of interfering chloroplast functions during the infection of Pst and other biotrophic pathogens.

关键词： Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici(Pst) chloroplast effector photosynthesis plant immunity

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发芽对小麦品质的影响

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中国粮油学报 2014年第1期29卷 11-16页

作者：张钟程美林王丽张玲赵俊仁广东石油化工学院化学与生命科学学院茂名525000 安徽科技学院食品与药学院凤阳233100

本试验以普通小麦为原料,研究了未发芽的小麦和发芽6、12、18、24、30、36、42、48 h不同时段小麦的品质(籽粒品质、营养品质、磨粉品质)的变化情况。结果表明,小麦发芽前后诸多成分都有明显变化:总淀粉、灰分及粗脂肪、千粒重、容重呈... 详细信息

本试验以普通小麦为原料,研究了未发芽的小麦和发芽6、12、18、24、30、36、42、48 h不同时段小麦的品质(籽粒品质、营养品质、磨粉品质)的变化情况。结果表明,小麦发芽前后诸多成分都有明显变化:总淀粉、灰分及粗脂肪、千粒重、容重呈下降趋势,与未发芽小麦相比显著性下降;还原糖和部分矿物质、维生素类则有不同程度的升高,其中还原糖含量比未发芽小麦升高1.34%;粗蛋白的含量先增后减,到发芽24 h含量最高,发芽后总氨基酸明显上升。另外,抗营养因子植酸显著下降,功能因子γ-氨基酸含量显著升高。随着发芽时间的变化面团流变学特性发生明显变化:面团形成时间、稳定时间与粉质指数呈下降趋势,延伸度升高,拉伸阻力和拉伸比降低。发芽对小麦品质的影响明显。

关键词：小麦发芽籽粒品质营养品质面团流变学性质

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