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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 511-518,I0011页

作者： Hongfei Bao Diancheng Chen Jiaqi Cao Pengfeng jiang Kaili Li Runtao Liu Yuling zhao Yichun Zheng Beiqi Liao Yaming zhang Xia Lu Yang sun School of Materials Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107GuangdongChina

Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)play a pivotal role in advancing next-generation lithium metal battery ***,they commonly encounter substantial interfacial resistance and poor stability when interfacing with lithium metal,hindering practical ***,we introduce a flexible metal-organic framework(MOF:NUS-6)-incorporated polymeric layer,denoted as NP,designed to protect the sodium superionic conductor(NASICON)-type Li_(1.3)Al_(0.3)Ti_(1.7)(PO_(4))_(3)(LATP)electrolyte from Li metal *** NP matrix establishes a soft interface with the LATP surface,effectively reducing voids and gaps that may arise between the LATP electrolyte and Li ***,the MOF component in NP enhances ionic conductivity,offers abundant Li^(+)transport sites,and provides hierarchical ion channels,ensuring a homogeneous Li^(+)flow and thus effectively inhibiting Li dendrite *** NP,we fabricate Li symmetrical cells cycled for over 1600 h at 0.2 mA cm^(-2)and all-solid-state LiINP-LATPI LiFePO_(4)batteries,achieving a remarkable 99.3%capacity retention after 200 cycles at 0.2 *** work outlines a general strategy for designing long-lasting and stable solid-state Li metal batteries.

关键词： All-solid-state Li metal battery MOF-based polymeric layer Li dendrite Interfacial contact LATP electrolyte stability

Genome assembly of autotetraploid Actinidia arguta highlights adaptive evolution and enables dissection of important economic traits

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Plant Communications 2024年第6期5卷 173-192页

作者： xue-Mei Lu Xiao-Fen Yu Guo-Qiang Li Ming-Hao Qu Huan Wang Chuang Liu Yu-Ping Man Xiao-Han jiang Mu-Zi Li Jian Wang Qi-Qi Chen Rui Lei cheng-cheng zhao Yun-Qiu Zhou Zheng-Wang jiang Zuo-Zhou Li Shang Zheng Chang Dong Bai-lin Wang Yan-Xiang sun Hui-Qin zhang Jie-Wei Li Quan-Hui Mo Ying zhang Xin Lou Hai-Xu Peng Ya-ting Yi He-Xin Wang Xiu-Jun zhang Yi-Bo Wang Dan Wang Li Li Qiong zhang Wen-Xia Wang Yongbo Liu Lei Gao Jin-Hu Wu Yan-Chang Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubeiChina Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Wuhan Frasergen Bioinformatics Co. LtdWuhanHubeiChina Institute of Soil and Fertilizer Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiChina College of Agricultural Sciences Xichang UniversityXichangSichuanChina Department of Horticulture Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbinHeilongjiangChina College of Life Sciences Langfang Normal UniversityLangfangHebeiChina Institute of Horticulture Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina Guangxi Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilinGuangxiChina Xi’an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province Institute of Botany of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’anShaanxiChina Institute of Modern Agricultural Research Dalian UniversityDalianLiaoningChina Bioinformatics Center College of Plant Science and TechnologyBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina College of Agriculture Eastern Liaoning UniversityDandongLiaoningChina Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoningChina State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubeiChina The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited AucklandNew Zealand

Actinidia arguta,the most widely distributed Actinidia species and the second cultivated species in the genus,can be distinguished from the currently cultivated Actinidia chinensis on the basis of its small and smooth fruit,rapid softening,and excellent cold *** evolution of tetraploid Actinidia species and the genetic basis of their important agronomic traits are still ***,we generated a chromosome-scale genome assembly of an autotetraploid male *** *** genome assembly was 2.77 Gb in length with a contig N50 of 9.97 Mb and was anchored onto 116 *** and clustering of 101 geographically representative accessions showed that they could be divided into two geographic groups,Southern and Northern,which first diverged 12.9 million years *** underwent two prominent expansions and one demographic bottleneck from the midPleistocene climate transition to the late *** genomics studies using paleoclimate data enabled us to discern the evolution of the species’adaptation to different historical *** genes(AaCEL1,AaPME1,and AaDOF1)related to flesh softening were identified by multi-omics analysis,and their ability to accelerate flesh softening was verified through transient expression assays.A set of genes that characteristically regulate sexual dimorphism located on the sex chromosome(Chr3)or autosomal chromosomes showed biased expression during stamen or carpel *** chromosome-level assembly of the autotetraploid *** genome and the genes related to important agronomic traits will facilitate future functional genomics research and improvement of ***.

关键词： kiwiberry dioecism adaptive evolution paleoclimate GEA rapid softening

Observation and Analysis of VLF Nocturnal Multimode Interference Phenomenon based on Waveguide Mode Theory

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 78-86页

作者： Sai Yang You-Tian Niu Zhe Wang Xiu-kun zhao Bei Li Yu-ling Ding Ge-Ge zhao An-Qi zhang College of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China Academician Workstation of Electromagnetic Wave Engineering of Henan Province Xinxiang 453007China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensing Integrated Application of Henan Province Xinxiang 453007China Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Additive Manufacturing of Henan Province Xinxiang 453007China

Very low frequency(VLF)signals are propagated between the *** interference will cause the phase to show oscillatory changes with distance while propagating at night,leading to abnormalities in the received VLF *** study uses the VLF signal received in Qingdao City,Shandong Province,from the Russian Alpha navigation system to explore the multimode interference problem of VLF signal *** characteristics of the effect of multimode interference phenomena on the phase are analyzed according to the variation of the phase of the VLF ***,the phase of VLF signals will also be affected by the X-ray and energetic particles that are released during the eruption of solar flares,therefore the two phenomena are studied in this *** is concluded that the X-ray will not affect the phase of VLF signals at night,but the energetic particles will affect the phase change,and the influence of energetic particles should be excluded in the study of multimode interference *** VLF signals for navigation positioning in degraded or unavailable GPS conditions is of great practical significance for VLF navigation systems as it can avoid the influence of multimode interference and improve positioning accuracy.

关键词： waves methods:data analysis sun:flares sun:X-rays gamma-rays

Manganese oxide and derivative-modified materials in advanced oxidation processes:A review of modification enhancement and activation mechanisms

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 40-51页

作者： Si sun Shuang Song Shuai Yang Yong-Li He Yang Shi Peng Zhou zhao-kun Xiong Yang Liu Heng zhang Ye Du Chuan-Shu He Bo Lai State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSichuanChengdu 610054China

Manganese oxides(MNO_(x)),as low-toxicity and high-abundance catalysts,have been demonstrated to hold great promise for application in advanced oxidation processes(AOPs).However,further application of this material is restricted due to its unsatisfactory oxidant activation ***,recently remarkable research on deep activation mechanisms and modification of MNO_(x)have been undertaken to improve its ***,modification enhancement mechanisms of MNO_(x)to efficiently degrade various organic contaminants were discussed and highlighted,including metal doping,coupling with other metal oxides,composite with carbonaceous material,and compounding with other *** activation mechanisms of different MNO_(x)and derivative-modified material(such as doped MNO_(x),metal oxide-MNO_(x)hybrids,and MNO_(x)-carbonaceous material hybrids)were summarized in great details,which was specifically categorized into both radical and non-radical *** effects of pH,inorganic ions,and natural organic matter on degradation reactions are also ***,future research directions and perspectives are presented to provide a clear interpretation on the MNO_(x)initiated AOPs.

关键词： Manganese oxide Derivative-modified materials Modification enhancement mechanisms Advanced oxidation process Activation mechanism

The energy response of LaBr_(3)(Ce),LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr),and NaI(Tl)crystals for GECAM

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 110-122页

作者： Pei-Yi Feng Xi-Lei sun Zheng-Hua An Yong Deng cheng-Er Wang Huang jiang Jun-Jie Li Da-Li zhang Xin-Qiao Li Shao-lin Xiong Chao Zheng Ke Gong Sheng Yang Xiao-Jing Liu Min Gao Xiang-Yang Wen Ya-Qing liu Yan-bing Xu Xiao-Yun zhao Jia-Cong Liu Fan zhang Hong Lu Particle and Astrophysics Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Experimental Physics Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Grirem Advanced Materials Co.Ltd.and General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing 100088China

The GECAM series of satellites utilizes LaBr_(3)(Ce),LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr),and NaI(Tl)crystals as sensitive materials for gamma-ray detectors(GRDs).To investigate the nonlinearity in the detection of low-energy gamma rays and address the errors in the calibration of the E-C relationship,comprehensive tests and comparative studies of the three aforementioned crystals were conducted using Compton electrons,radioactive sources,and mono-energetic *** nonlinearity test results of the Compton electrons and X-rays demonstrated substantial differences,with all three crystals presenting a higher nonlinearity for X/-rays than for Compton *** the LaBr_(3)(Ce)and LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr)crystals having higher absolute light yields,they exhibited a noticeable nonlinear decrease in the light yield,especially at energies below 400 *** NaI(Tl)crystal demonstrated an"excess"light output in the 6-200 keV range,reaching a maximum"excess"of 9.2%at 30 keV in the X-ray testing and up to 15.5%at 14 keV during Compton electron testing,indicating a significant advantage in the detection of low-energy gamma ***,we explored the underlying causes of the observed nonlinearity in these *** study not only elucidates the detector responses of GECAM,but also initiates a comprehensive investigation of the nonlinearity of domestically produced lanthanum bromide and sodium iodide crystals.

关键词： LaBr_(3)(Ce)detector LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr)detector NaI(Tl)detector GECAM Energy response Light yield nonlinearity

Nondestructive technique for identifying nuclides using neutron resonance transmission analysis at CSNS Back-n

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 178-187页

作者： Sheng-Da Tang Yong-Hao Chen Jing-Yu Tang Rui-Rui Fan Qiang Li Gong Li Dong Liu Zheng-Yao Jin Xing-Zhu Cui Tian-Xiang Chen Yi-Wei Yang Rong Liu Han Yi Yang Li Zhen Yang Qi An Hao-Fan Bai jiang-Bo Bai Jie Bao Ping Cao Qi-Ping Chen Zhen Chen Zeng-Qi Cui An-Chuan Fan Chang-Qing Feng Fan-Zhen Feng Ke-Qing Gao Min-Hao Gu Chang-Cai Han Zi-Jie Han Guo-Zhu He Yong-cheng He Yang Hong Yi-Wei Hu Han-Xiong Huang Wei-Hua Jia Hao-yu jiang Wei jiang Zhi-jie jiang ling Kang Bo Li Chao Li Jia-Wen Li Xiao Li Jie Liu Shu-bin Liu Guang-Yuan Luan Chang-Jun Ning bin-bin Qi Jie Ren Zhi-Zhou Ren Xi-Chao Ruan zhao-Hui Song Kang sun Zhi-Xin Tan Li-Jiao Wang Peng-cheng Wang zhao-Hui Wang Zhong-Wei Wen Xiao-Guang Wu Xuan Wu Li-kun Xie Yong-Ji Yu Guo-Hui zhang lin-Hao zhang Mo-Han zhang Qi-Wei zhang Xian-Peng zhang Yu-Liang zhang Yue zhang Zhi-Yong zhang Mao-Yuan zhao Lu-Ping Zhou Zhi-Hao Zhou Ke-Jun Zhu Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institute of High-Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China USTC Archaeometry Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an 710024China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Nondestructive and noninvasive neutron assays are essential applications of neutron *** resonance transmission analysis(NRTA)is a powerful nondestructive method for investigating the elemental composition of an *** back-streaming neutron line(Back-n)is a newly built time-of-flight facility at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)that provides neutrons in the eV to 300 MeV range.A feasibility study of the NRTA method for nuclide identification was conducted at the CSNS Back-n via two test *** results demonstrate that it is feasible to identify different elements and isotopes in samples using the NRTA method at *** study reveals its potential future applications.

关键词： CSNS White neutron beam NRTA Nuclide identification Nondestructive method

Design of hadronic calorimeter for DarkSHINE experiment

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第9期35卷 155-167页

作者： Zhen Wang Rui Yuan Han-Qing Liu Jing Chen Xiang Chen Kim Siang Khaw Liang Li Shu Li kun Liu Qi-bin Liu Si-Yuan Song Tong sun Xiao-Long Wang Yu-Feng Wang Hai-Jun Yang Jun-Hua zhang Yu-Lei zhang Zhi-Yu zhao Chun-Xiang Zhu Xu-Liang Zhu Yi-Fan Zhu Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University1 Lisuo RoadShanghai 201210China Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics School of Physics and Astronomy800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology(MOE) Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology(SKLPPC)Shanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE) Fudan UniversityShanghai 200443China Institute of Modern Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200443China

The sensitivity of the dark photon search through invisible decay final states in low-background experiments relies sig-nificantly on the neutron and muon veto efficiencies,which depend on the amount of material used and the design of the detector *** paper presents the optimized design of the hadronic calorimeter(HCAL)used in the DarkSHINE experiment,which is studied using a GEANT4-based simulation *** geometry is optimized by comparing a traditional design with uniform absorbers to one that uses different thicknesses at different locations on the detector,which enhances the efficiency of vetoing low-energy neutrons at the sub-GeV *** overall size and total amount of material used in the HCAL are optimized to be lower,owing to the load and budget requirements,whereas the overall performance is studied to satisfy the physical objectives.

关键词： Hadronic calorimeter GEANT4 simulation Neutron background Scintillation detector Dark photon

Epidemic Characteristics and Spatio-Temporal Patterns of HFRS in Qingdao City,China,2010-2022

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期37卷 1015-1029页

作者： Ying Li Runze Lu Liyan Dong Litao sun Zongyi zhang Yating zhao Qing Duan Lijie zhang Fachun jiang Jing Jia Huilai Ma Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Qingdao 266024ShandongChina Jiaozhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention Qingdao 266399ShandongChina Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Shandong Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinan 250013ShandongChina Office of Epidemiology(Technical Guidance Office for Patriotic Health Work) Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Objective This study investigated the epidemic characteristics and spatio-temporal dynamics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)in Qingdao City,*** Information was collected on HFRS cases in Qingdao City from 2010 to *** epidemiologic,seasonal decomposition,spatial autocorrelation,and spatio-temporal cluster analyses were *** A total of 2,220 patients with HFRS were reported over the study period,with an average annual incidence of 1.89/100,000 and a case fatality rate of 2.52%.The male:female ratio was 2.8:1.75.3%of patients were aged between 16 and 60 years old,75.3%of patients were farmers,and 11.6%had both“three red”and“three pain”*** HFRS epidemic showed two-peak seasonality:the primary fall-winter peak and the minor spring *** HFRS epidemic presented highly spatially heterogeneous,street/township-level hot spots that were mostly distributed in Huangdao,Pingdu,and *** spatio-temporal cluster analysis revealed three cluster areas in Qingdao City that were located in the south of Huangdao District during the fall-winter *** The distribution of HFRS in Qingdao exhibited periodic,seasonal,and regional characteristics,with high spatial clustering *** typical symptoms of“three red”and“three pain”in patients with HFRS were not obvious.

关键词： Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome Epidemic characteristics Spatio-temporal distribution

10B-doped MCP detector developed for neutron resonance imaging at Back-n white neutron source

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 58-68页

作者： Qiang Li Li‑Jiao Wang Jing‑Yu Tang Xiang‑Biao Qiu Zhen Chen Mao‑Yuan zhao Chang‑Jun Ning Kai Pan Wei Xu Tao Li Su‑Peng Lu Han Yi Rui‑Rui Fan Chang‑Qing Feng Rong zhang Xiao‑Yang sun Qi An Hao‑Fan Bai jiang‑Bo Bai Jie Bao Ping Cao Qi‑Ping Chen Yong‑Hao Chen Zeng‑Qi Cui An‑Chuan Fan Fan‑Zhen Feng Min‑Hao Gu Chang‑Cai Han Zi‑Jie Han Guo‑Zhu He Yong‑cheng He Yang Hong Yi‑Wei Hu Han‑Xiong Huang Wei jiang Zhi‑Jie jiang Zheng‑Yao Jin ling Kang Bo Li Gong Li Xiao Li Yang Li Jie Liu Rong Liu Shu‑bin Liu Yi‑Na Liu Guang‑Yuan Luan Jie Ren Zhi‑Zhou Ren Xi‑Chao Ruan zhao‑Hui Song Kang sun Zhi‑Xin Tan Sheng‑Da Tang Jin‑cheng Wang Peng‑cheng Wang zhao‑Hui Wang Zhong‑Wei Wen Xiao‑Guang Wu Xuan Wu Cong Xia Yong‑Ji Yu Guo‑Hui zhang Hang‑Chang zhang lin‑Hao zhang Qi‑Wei zhang Xian‑Peng zhang Yu‑Liang zhang Yue zhang Zhi‑Yong zhang Zhi‑Hao Zhou Ke‑Jun Zhu Chong Zou Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Dongguan Songshan Lake Future School Dongguan 523808China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China North Night Vision Science and Technology(Nanjing)Research Institute Co.Ltd Nanjing 211106China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Modern Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China China Academy of Engineering Physics Institute of Nuclear Physics and ChemistryMianyang 621900China USTC archaeometry lab University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an 710024China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China Shipbuilding Trading Co. LtdBeijing 100044China

Neutron resonance imaging(NRI)has recently emerged as an appealing technique for neutron *** complexity surpasses that of conventional transmission imaging,as it requires a high demand for both a neutron source and ***,the progression of NRI technology has been sluggish since its inception in the 1980s,particularly considering the limited studies analyzing the neutron energy range above *** white neutron source(Back-n)at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)provides favorable beam conditions for the development of the NRI technique over a wide neutron energy range from eV to ***-sensitive microchannel plates(MCP)have emerged as a cutting-edge tool in the field of neutron detection owing to their high temporal and spatial resolutions,high detection efficiency,and low *** this study,we report the development of a 10B-doped MCP detector,along with its associated electronics,data processing system,and NRI experiments at the *** heavy elements such as gold,silver,tungsten,and indium can be easily identified in the transmission images by their characteristic resonance peaks in the 1–100 eV energy range;the more difficult medium-weight elements such as iron,copper,and aluminum with resonance peaks in the 1–100 keV energy range can also be *** particular,results in the neutron energy range of dozens of keV(Aluminum)are reported here for the first time.

关键词： Neutron resonance imaging 10B doped MCP detector White neutron source Sample nuclide identification

AlphaFold-guided redesign of a plant pectin methylesterase inhibitor for broad-spectrum disease resistance

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1344-1368页

作者： Yeqiang Xia Guangzheng sun Junhua Xiao Xinyi He Haibin jiang Zhichao zhang Qi zhang Kainan Li Sicong zhang xuechao Shi zhaoyun Wang lin Liu Yao zhao Yuheng Yang Kaixuan Duan Wenwu Ye Yiming Wang Suomeng Dong Yan Wang Zhenchuan Ma Yuanchao Wang Department of Plant Pathology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Nanjng Agricultural UniversityNanjngJiangsu 210095China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China School of Bioengineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBejing 100193China These authors contributed equally to the article.

Plant cell walls are a critical site where plants and pathogens continuously struggle for physiological *** we show that dynamic remodeling of pectin methylesterification of plant cell walls is a compo-nent of the physiological and co-evolutionary struggles between hosts and pathogens.A pectin methyles-terase(PsPME1)secreted by Phytophthora sojae decreases the degree of pectin methylesterification,thus synergizing with an endo-polygalacturonase(PsPG1)to weaken plant cell *** counter PsPME1-mediated susceptibility,a plant-derived pectin methylesterase inhibitor protein,GmPMl1,protects pectin to maintain a high methylesterification ***1 protects plant cell walls from enzymatic degrada-tion by inhibiting both soybean and *** pectin methylesterases during ***,constitutive expression of GmPMl1 disrupted the trade-off between host growth and defense *** therefore used AlphaFold structure tools to design a modified form of GmPMI1(GmPMI1R)that specifically targets and inhibits pectin methylesterases secreted from pathogens but notfrom *** expression of GmPMi1R enhanced plant resistance to oomycete and fungal *** summary,our work highlights the biochemical modification of the cell wall as an important focal point in the physiological and co-evolutionary conflict between hosts and microbes,providing an important proof of concept that Al-driven structure-based tools can accelerate the development of new strategies for plant protection.

关键词： apoplastic immunity AlphaFold-guided redesign broad-spectrum disease resistance pectin methyl-esteraseinhibitor cell wall