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Causes of Poor Grain Plumpness of Two-Line Hybrids and Their Relationships to the Contents of Hormones in the Rice Grain

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第8期6卷 930-940页

作者： zhao bu-hong ZHANG hong-xi ZHU Qing-sen YANG Jian-chang Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 P.R. China Lixiahe Region Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou 225007 P.R.China

This study was designed to elucidate the grain filling characteristics and the causes of poor grain plumpness of some two-line hybrid rice combinations and their hormonal mechanism. Six varieties, including three two-line hybrid rice combinations, that show differences in seed-setting and grain filling, were used. And the contents of starch, sucrose, zeatin （Z）＋ zeatin riboside （ZR）, indole-3-acetic acid （IAA）, and abscisic acid （ABA）, the ethylene evolution rate, activities of sucrose synthase （SuSase） and starch synthase （StSase） in grains, the seed-setting and grain filling rate were investigated. The correlations amongst these were analyzed. The results showed that the poor grain filling of two-line hybrids was mainly attributed to the higher unfilled grain rate and the lower filling degree of inferior grains. During the early and mid grain filling periods, the sucrose content in inferior grains was greater than that in superior grains for the combinations with poor grain filling, indicating that the substrate concentration was not the principal factor for their slow grain filling and poor grain plumpness of the inferior grains of two-line hybrids. Z ＋ ZR, IAA, and ABA in superior grains were obviously greater than those in inferior grains at early grain filling stage. The maximum and mean contents of Z ＋ ZR, IAA, and ABA were positively very significantly correlated with the maximum and mean grain-filling rate, filling degree, and grain weight. The evolution rate of ethylene was greater in inferior grains than in superior grains and greater for the combinations with poor grain plumpness than those with good grain plumpness at the early or mid filling stages. The evolution rate of ethylene was negatively and significantly correlated with the grain filling rate, the grain filling degree, and the grain weight. Spraying ethephon （ethylene-releasing agent） at the early grain filling stage increased the evolution rate of ethylene, reduced the ABA content and activit

关键词： two-line hybrid rice grain-filling hormonal regulation physiological mechanism

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An Integrated Quantitative Method to Simultaneously Monitor Soil Erosion and Non-Point Source Pollution in an Intensive Agricultural Area

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Pedosphere 2014年第5期24卷 674-682页

作者： MA Li bu zhao-hong WU Yong-hong P.G.KERR S.GARRE XIA Li-Zhong YANG Lin-Zhang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Biomedical Sciences Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 (Australia) Université de Liège Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech AgricultureIsLife Passage des déportés 2 Gembloux 5030 (Belgium) Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences

In China, some areas with intensive agricultural use are facing serious environmental problems caused by non-point source pollution(NPSP) as a consequence of soil erosion(SE). Until now, simultaneous monitoring of NPSP and SE is difficult due to the intertwined effects of crop type, topography and management in these areas. In this study, we developed a new integrated method to simultaneously monitor SE and NPSP in an intensive agricultural area(about 6 000 km2) of Nanjing in eastern China, based on meteorological data,a geographic information system database and soil and water samples, and identified the main factors contributing to NPSP and SE by calculating the NPSP and SE loads in different sub-areas. The levels of soil total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), available nitrogen(AN) and available phosphorus(AP) could be used to assess and predict the extent of NPSP and SE status in the study *** most SE and NPSP loads occurred between April to August. The most seriously affected area in terms of SE and NPSP was the Jiangning District, implying that the effective management of SE and NPSP in this area should be considered as a priority. The sub-regions with higher vegetation coverage contributed to less SE and NPSP, confirming the conclusions of previous studies, namely that vegetation is an effective factor controlling SE and NPSP. Our quantitative method has both high precision and reliability for the simultaneous monitoring of SE and NPSP occurring in intensive agricultural areas.

关键词： nutrient load soil particles spatial variation vegetation coverage water runoff

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Source-Sink and Grain-Filling Characteristics of Two-Line Hybrid Rice Yangliangyou 6

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Rice science 2006年第1期13卷 34-42页

作者： zhao bu-hong WANG Peng ZHANG hong-xi ZHU Qing-sen YANG Jian-chang Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China Lixiahe Region Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Yangzhou 225007 China

With two-line hybrid rice Yangliangyou 6 （YLY6） and Liangyoupeijiu （LYPJ） and three-line hybrid rice Shanyou 63 （SY63） as materials, the source, sink and flow characteristics in association with grain filling were investigated. The seed-setting rate, grain filling degree and grain yield of YLY6 and SY63 were significantly higher than those of LYPJ. The export and transformation percentages of the matter in culms and sheaths of YLY6 and SY63 were significantly higher than those of LYPJ. Activities of sucrose synthase, adenosine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase, starch synthase and starch branching enzyme in grains were higher for YLY6 and SY63 than for LYPJ, and were very significantly correlated with maximum grain filling rate, mean grain filling rate, grain filling degree and grain weight. The spikelet number, grain yield and total sink load per area of vascular bundle and phloem of YLY6 and SY63 were significantly smaller than those of LYPJ, and the greater the load, the lower seed-setting rate and the poorer grain filling. The transportation rate per area phloem of YLY6 was greater than that of LYPJ or SY63. The results suggest that YLY6 possesses strong source, great sink activity and efficient flow, which lay a physiological base for its high seed-setting rate and good grain filling.

关键词： hybrid rice source-sink characteristics grain filling enzyme activity

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Constructing Donor–Acceptor‑Linked COFs Electrolytes to Regulate Electron Density and Accelerate the Li^(+)Migration in Quasi‑Solid‑State Battery

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 456-471页

作者： Genfu zhao Hang Ma Conghui Zhang Yongxin Yang Shuyuan Yu Haiye Zhu Yongjiang Sun hong Guo School of Materials and Energy International Joint Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan UniversityKunming 650091People’s Republic of China Yunnan Yuntianhua Co. LtdR&D CenterKunming 650228People’s Republic of China Southwest United Graduate School Kunming 650091People’s Republic of China

Regulation the electronic density of solid-state electrolyte by donor–acceptor(D–A)system can achieve highly-selective Li^(+)transportation and conduction in solid-state Li metal *** study reports a high-performance solid-state electrolyte thorough D–A-linked covalent organic frameworks(COFs)based on intramolecular charge transfer *** other reported COFbased solid-state electrolyte,the developed concept with D–A-linked COFs not only achieves electronic modulation to promote highly-selective Li^(+)migration and inhibit Li dendrite,but also offers a crucial opportunity to understand the role of electronic density in solid-state Li metal *** introduced strong electronegativity F-based ligand in COF electrolyte results in highlyselective Li^(+)(transference number 0.83),high ionic conductivity(6.7×10^(-4)S cm^(−1)),excellent cyclic ability(1000 h)in Li metal symmetric cell and high-capacity retention in Li/LiFePO_(4)cell(90.8%for 300 cycles at 5C)than substituted C-and N-based *** is ascribed to outstanding D–A interaction between donor porphyrin and acceptor F atoms,which effectively expedites electron transferring from porphyrin to F-based ligand and enhances Li^(+)***,we anticipate that this work creates insight into the strategy for accelerating Li^(+)conduction in high-performance solid-state Li metal batteries through D–A system.

关键词： Electronic modulation engineering Donor-acceptor-linked covalent organic frameworks Quasi-solid-state Li metal battery

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两系杂交稻籽粒充实不良的成因及其与激素含量的关系

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中国农业科学 2006年第3期39卷 477-486页

作者：赵步洪张洪熙朱庆森杨建昌扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所

【目的】阐明两系杂交稻籽粒充实特征及籽粒充实不良的成因与激素机理。【方法】采用结实特性差异明显的两系杂交稻为材料,测定籽粒中蔗糖和淀粉含量、玉米素+玉米素核苷(Z+ZR)、吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)和脱落酸(ABA)含量、乙烯释放速率、蔗... 详细信息

【目的】阐明两系杂交稻籽粒充实特征及籽粒充实不良的成因与激素机理。【方法】采用结实特性差异明显的两系杂交稻为材料,测定籽粒中蔗糖和淀粉含量、玉米素+玉米素核苷(Z+ZR)、吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)和脱落酸(ABA)含量、乙烯释放速率、蔗糖合成酶(SuSase)和淀粉合成酶(StSase)活性以及籽粒灌浆充实指标,并进行相关分析。【结果】表明两系杂交稻结实率低,主要归咎于弱势粒的秕粒率高、充实度差。籽粒充实度差的组合,灌浆前、中期弱势粒中蔗糖含量高于强势粒,表明基质浓度不是两系杂交稻弱势粒灌浆速率慢和籽粒充实度差的主要限制因子。灌浆前期强势粒中的Z+ZR、IAA和ABA含量明显高于弱势粒,Z+ZR、IAA和ABA的最高含量和平均含量与籽粒最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率、谷粒充实度和粒重均呈极显著的正相关。灌浆前、中期弱势粒中的乙烯释放速率明显高于强势粒,籽粒充实度差的组合高于籽粒充实度好的组合,乙烯的释放速率与灌浆速率、谷粒充实度和粒重均呈极显著的负相关。在灌浆初期喷施乙烯合成促进剂(乙烯利),弱势粒的乙烯释放速率增加,ABA含量减少,SuSase和StSase活性降低,谷粒充实度和粒重下降;喷施乙烯合成的抑制剂(硝酸钴),结果则相反。表明籽粒中激素含量及其平衡对籽粒灌浆和酶的活性起调控作用,部分两系杂交稻籽粒充实不良与其弱势粒中Z+ZR、IAA和ABA含量低、乙烯浓度高有密切关系。【结论】激素对两系杂交稻籽粒充实起重要作用,通过调控激素含量,可以提高籽粒充实。

关键词：两系杂交稻籽粒充实激素调节生理机制

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妇幼健康教育现代管理模式的探讨

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中国数字医学 2007年第9期2卷 22-24页

作者：赵文步肇洪济南市妇幼保健院济南市建国小经三路2号250001

采用网站、语音、短信、视频等现代化管理手段,以国家妇幼保健中心为核心,联盟全国各妇幼保健机构,统一规划、建设各级妇幼保健机构门户网站和信息服务平台,为各级妇幼保健机构提供一套现代化的妇幼健康与健康管理现代服务模式及服务支... 详细信息

采用网站、语音、短信、视频等现代化管理手段,以国家妇幼保健中心为核心,联盟全国各妇幼保健机构,统一规划、建设各级妇幼保健机构门户网站和信息服务平台,为各级妇幼保健机构提供一套现代化的妇幼健康与健康管理现代服务模式及服务支撑系统,促进妇幼保健机构的现代服务水平和综合实力的提高。

关键词：妇幼保健健康教育网站客户管理

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两系杂交稻扬两优6号源库特征与结实特性的分析

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中国水稻科学 2006年第1期20卷 65-72页

作者：赵步洪王朋张洪熙朱庆森杨建昌扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室江苏扬州225009 江苏省里下河地区农业科学研究所江苏扬州225007

以两系杂交稻扬两优6号和两优培九及三系杂交稻汕优63为材料,研究了源、库、流特征及其与籽粒充实的关系。扬两优6号和汕优63的结实率、籽粒充实度和产量明显高于两优培九;扬两优6号和汕优63茎鞘物质输出率和转换率显著高于两优培九;扬... 详细信息

以两系杂交稻扬两优6号和两优培九及三系杂交稻汕优63为材料,研究了源、库、流特征及其与籽粒充实的关系。扬两优6号和汕优63的结实率、籽粒充实度和产量明显高于两优培九;扬两优6号和汕优63茎鞘物质输出率和转换率显著高于两优培九;扬两优6号和汕优63籽粒中蔗糖合成酶、腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶、淀粉合成酶和淀粉分支酶的活性显著高于两优培九,且上述各酶的活性与籽粒最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率、谷粒充实度和粒重呈极显著的正相关;扬两优6号和汕优63的单位维管束和韧皮部的颖花负荷、现实产量负荷、总库容负荷显著小于两优培九,且负荷越大的组合结实率就越低,充实度也就越差。扬两优6号单位面积韧皮部的物质转运速率显著高于两优培九和汕优63。表明扬两优6号具有源足、库强、流畅的特点,这是它结实率高和籽粒充实度好的生理基础。

关键词：杂交稻源库特征籽粒充实酶活性

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Regulation and function of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 6-20页

作者： Xiu-Yun zhao De-En Xu Ming-Lei Wu Ji-Chuan Liu Zi-Ling Shi Quan-hong Ma Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Institute of Neuroscience&Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Jiangnan University Medical CenterWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

The endoplasmic reticulum,a key cellular organelle,regulates a wide variety of cellular *** reticulum autophagy,one of the quality control systems of the endoplasmic reticulum,plays a pivotal role in maintaining endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis by controlling endoplasmic reticulum turnover,remodeling,and *** this review,we briefly describe the endoplasmic reticulum quality control system,and subsequently focus on the role of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy,emphasizing the spatial and temporal mechanisms underlying the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy according to cellular *** also summarize the evidence relating to how defective or abnormal endoplasmic reticulum autophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative *** summary,this review highlights the mechanisms associated with the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy and how they influence the pathophysiology of degenerative nerve *** review would help researchers to understand the roles and regulatory mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum-phagy in neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： autophagy endoplasmic reticulum endoplasmic reticulum autophagy endoplasmic reticulum quality control system endoplasmic reticulum receptors endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation neurodegeneration neurodegenerative disease selective autophagy unfolded protein response

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Overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor prevents neurotoxic polarization of astrocytes via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in experimental ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 491-502页

作者： Shuai Feng Juanji Li Tingting Liu Shiqi Huang Xiangliang Chen Shen Liu Junshan Zhou hongdong zhao Ye hong Department of Neurology Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Jinling HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Neurotoxic astrocytes are a promising therapeutic target for the attenuation of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion ***-density lipoprotein receptor,a classic cholesterol regulatory receptor,has been found to inhibit NLR family pyrin domain containing protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome activation in neurons following ischemic stroke and to suppress the activation of microglia and astrocytes in individuals with Alzheimer’s ***,little is known about the effects of low-density lipoprotein receptor on astrocytic activation in ischemic *** address this issue in the present study,we examined the mechanisms by which low-density lipoprotein receptor regulates astrocytic polarization in ischemic stroke ***,we examined low-density lipoprotein receptor expression in astrocytes via immunofluorescence staining and western blotting *** observed significant downregulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor following middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion and oxygen-glucose deprivation/***,we induced the astrocyte-specific overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor using astrocyte-specific adeno-associated ***-density lipoprotein receptor overexpression in astrocytes improved neurological outcomes in middle cerebral artery occlusion mice and reversed neurotoxic astrocytes to create a neuroprotective ***,we found that the overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injured astrocytes and that the addition of nigericin,an NLRP3 agonist,restored the neurotoxic astrocyte *** findings suggest that low-density lipoprotein receptor could inhibit the NLRP3-meidiated neurotoxic polarization of astrocytes and that increasing low-density lipoprotein receptor in astrocytes might represent a novel strategy for treating cerebral ischemic stroke.

关键词： inflammation ischemia/reperfusion injury ischemic stroke low-density lipoprotein receptor neuroprotective astrocytes neurotoxic astrocytes NLRP3 inflammasome polarization

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应用水土流失定量遥感方法监测山东全省山丘区的研究

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土壤学报 1999年第1期36卷 1-8页

作者：卜兆宏孙金庄董勤瑞刘绍清中国科学院南京土壤研究所山东省水利厅水土保持办公室

本文简要介绍了水土流失定量遥感方法的组成和基本原理，重点叙述了它在山东全省山丘区的应用作业和应用结果，并讨论了它的准确性、实用性和应用前景等。该法的监测模型可与美国近年刊出的ＲＵＳＬＥ相媲美，且其因子算式算法系由我国... 详细信息

本文简要介绍了水土流失定量遥感方法的组成和基本原理，重点叙述了它在山东全省山丘区的应用作业和应用结果，并讨论了它的准确性、实用性和应用前景等。该法的监测模型可与美国近年刊出的ＲＵＳＬＥ相媲美，且其因子算式算法系由我国实例资料所建，故有更合我国流失实际的应用效果，尤其它适用于遥感和ＧＩＳ数据的微机处理。其应用结果，不仅有比常规调查法和定性遥感法更准确实用的流失总量、各级面积的统计数据和流失现状图，而且还有流失治理规划的防治强度预报图，山东全省山丘区微机作业历时一年余，达到了预计目标，还建立了全省山丘区８０５１０．９６ｋｍ２流失信息库。首次定量遥感监测结果为：年均流失总量１２７２４．０１万吨；轻度以上侵蚀面积３０７２４．９７ｋｍ２；强度以上侵蚀面积７１５６．００ｋｍ２；需治理面积４２４０。２１ｋｍ２（含急需治理６７４ｋｍ２）．９个拦河水库汇水区监测的年均流失总量与水文站实测算得的年均淤积量有８３％的一致性，且更符合近十年的流失治理实际，则表明定量遥感方法的监测结果可靠。

关键词：定量遥感监测模型像元流失量水土流失

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