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云南两个花魔芋主产区软腐病害植株腐烂球茎中的菌群组成及特征

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微生物学报 2024年第7期64卷 2434-2452页

作者：张绍智田庆红董坤杨丽萍殷减清张仲凯云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所云南昆明650205 永平县科技统计和成果转换中心云南永平672600 云南省农业科学院富源魔芋研究所云南富源655500 云南海萍农业开发有限公司云南永平672600

【目的】软腐病是侵染魔芋的主要病害,其危害性严重,广泛传播会导致花魔芋绝产,尚无有效防控措施。魔芋软腐病的发生及暴发性传播与病原菌及其菌群有较大相关性。本研究旨在明确云南2个主产区的软腐病害花魔芋球茎及其根际土壤中的主要... 详细信息

【目的】软腐病是侵染魔芋的主要病害,其危害性严重,广泛传播会导致花魔芋绝产,尚无有效防控措施。魔芋软腐病的发生及暴发性传播与病原菌及其菌群有较大相关性。本研究旨在明确云南2个主产区的软腐病害花魔芋球茎及其根际土壤中的主要致病菌和优势微生物种类,分析其菌群结构特征,从而为花魔芋软腐病害的防控提供支撑。【方法】研究采集云南富源和永平2个产区的花魔芋软腐病样品,应用Illumina Nova Seq 6000测序平台进行微生物宏基因组测序和分析。同时采用选择性培养基、多级纯化培养技术以及电镜超微形态解析,分别对病害腐烂球茎中的致病菌及优势菌类进行分离鉴定和观察验证。【结果】两个花魔芋主产区软腐病害植株球茎及土壤中的微生物都非常丰富,共检出107门2502属15721种微生物。这2个产区的花魔芋软腐病害主要致病菌均为胡萝卜软腐坚固杆菌(Pectobacterium carotovorum),此病原菌与嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia)的优势生长是2个产区软腐病害植株腐烂球茎中菌群的主要特征。此外,同产区的病害组织与土壤样品之间的菌群组成差异较大,但这2类样品中的优势菌群组成的区域性差异较小。【结论】两个花魔芋主产区软腐病害球茎组织中菌群与该区土壤菌群的相关性较低,土壤菌群区域性差异比相应的病害组织菌群区域性差异要大。因此,主要病原菌和共生菌的优势生长突破了产地差异影响,成为了病害组织菌群的主要特征,使得2个主产区软腐病害花魔芋球茎中的微生物生态系统具有高度相似性。

关键词：花魔芋宏基因组软腐病病原菌微生物群落

Numerical Evaluation of Residual Water Content after Freezing during the Lyophilization of Platelets

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2020年第6期16卷 112-124页

作者： shaozhi zhang Ruoyi Xie Mengjie Xu Guangming Chen Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province Institute of Refrigeration and CryogenicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

Pre-freezing is an important stage in freeze-drying *** the lyophilization of a cell,freezing not only plays a role for primary dehydration,but it also determines the amount of residual(intracellular or extracellular)water,which in turn can influence the solution properties and the choice of operation *** freezing of human platelets in lyoprotectant solution is theoretically investigated here.A two-parameter model and an Arrhenius expression are used to describe cell membrane permeability and its temperature *** is assumed that the intracellular solution is composed of four components:sodium chloride,trehalose,serum protein and water,while the extracellular solution consists of three ***-ideal solution behaviors are predicted using measured *** concentration of maximally freeze-concentrated solution is estimated on the basis of an assumption of solute *** impacts of lyoprotectant composition and extracellular sub-cooling on intracellular supercooling and residual water content in the cell are *** values of activation energy of hydraulic permeability at low temperatures are tested to study their impact on the critical cooling *** the mass fraction extracellular lyoprotectant(trehalose+bovineserum albumin)increases from 5 wt%to 20 wt%,the intracellular water content at the end of freezing does not change,but the intracellular solution undergoes much higher super-cooling *** the mass ratio of trehalose to bovine serum albumin does not change the intracellular water content,but can mitigate intracellular *** 0.05 mol/kg trehalose is loaded into platelet,the total quantity of residual water at the end of freezing may raise by 4.93%.The inclusion of dimethyl sulfoxide(Me2SO)in protectant may bring negative impacts to the drying stage by increasing the residual water content and lowering the drying temperature.

关键词： Lyophilization human platelets freezing numerical simulation

Optimization study on the rehydration process of lyophilized human platelets

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第4期56卷 455-460页

作者： FAN JuLi XU XianGuo zhang shaozhi XU MengJie ZHU FaMing CHEN GuangMing Department of Man-machine and Environment Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Blood Center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310006 China Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research Ministry of Health Hangzhou 310006 China

Long-term preservation of human platelets will greatly reduce the risk of their shortage. Lyophilization has been proved feasible for this purpose. For the recovery of lyophilized platelets,rehydration is an important process. In this paper,the rehydration proc-esses for 1 mL and 2 mL samples were studied. The effects of prehydration duration(15,30,60,90,120 and 150 min) in 37°C water vapor and the concentration of rehydration solution(25%,50%,75%,100% platelet-poor plasma) on the recovery rate,MPV(mean platelet volume) and PDW(platelet distribution width) were investigated. The mass changes during the prehydration process were weighed. The optimized rehydration conditions are as follows:(1) for 1 mL sample,the prehydration duration was 15 min and for 2 mL sample the prehydration duration was 90 min;(2) the rehydration solution was 75% platelet-poor plasma. Under optimized conditions,the morphology of the rehydrated platelets kept normal and their ultrastructures kept intact,their aggregation capacity to thrombin(1 U/mL) was 82.8% of the fresh ones. These results will be helpful for designing the freeze-drying protocols for human platelets.

关键词：复水过程冷冻干燥优化条件血小板补液盐长期保存分布宽度质量变化

Numerical simulation and experimental research on heat transfer and flow resistance characteristics of asymmetric plate heat exchangers

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Frontiers in Energy 2020年第2期14卷 267-282页

作者： shaozhi zhang Xiao NIU Yang LI Guangming CHEN Xiangguo XU Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province Institute of Refrigeration and CryogenicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

The asymmetric plate heat exchanger(APHE)has the possibility of achieving balanced pressure drops on both hot and cold sides for situations with unbalanced flow,which may in turn enhance the heat *** this paper,the single-phase water flow and heat transfer of an APHE consisted of two types of plates are numerically(400≤Re≤12000)and experimentally(400≤Re≤3400)*** numerical model is verified by the experimental *** are conducted to study the effects of,an asymmetric index proposed to describe the geometry of *** correlations of the Nusselt number and friction factor in the APHEs are determined by taking and working fluids into *** is found that an optimal exists where the pressure drops are balanced and the heat transfer area reaches the *** comparison between heat transfer and flow characteristics of the APHEs and the conventional plate heat exchanger(CPHE)is made under various flow rate ratios of the hot side and the cold side and different allowable pressure *** situations under which APHE may perform better are identified based on a comprehensive index.

关键词： plate heat exchanger asymmetric simulation correlation heat transfer enhancement

Development of an automatic calibration device for high-accuracy low temperature thermometers

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第9期53卷 2404-2407页

作者： CHEN GuangMing,GAO Xu,zhang shaozhi,CHEN Qi,TANG LiMing & LAN YuQi Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

Based on the analysis and investigation of calibration systems for high-accuracy low temperature thermometers,a new facility for automatic calibration of high-accuracy low temperature thermometers was *** calibration for multiple points can be made automatically with this *** to the thermophysical characteristics of the constant-temperature block in this device,segmented Fuzzy-PID (proportional-integral-differential) algorithm was *** experimental results showed that the temperature fluctuation was smaller than ±0.005 K in 30 ***,this new device can fully meet the calibration requirement of high-precision low temperature thermometers.

关键词： calibration low temperature thermometer control algorithm

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软骨的低温保存／移植研究进展

生物医学工程学杂志 2007年第2期24卷 474-476页

作者：张绍志陈光明浙江大学制冷与低温研究所杭州310027

低温保存是实现软骨长期贮存、建立组织库的必要手段。我们回顾了过去10年来在软骨的低温保存和保存后移植方面的进展情况,指出现有的保存技术仍不成熟,需要更加系统和深入的研究。

关键词：软骨低温保存移植

巨龙竹AINTEGUMENTA基因的克隆研究

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竹子研究汇刊 2009年第1期28卷 16-20页

作者：张绍智刘小烛西南林业大学资源学院云南昆明650224

为进一步探索巨龙竹速生与巨大的分子机理,研究其AINTEGUMENTA(ANT)基因功能,研究试验以巨龙竹cDNA第一链为模板,用简并引物、基因特异引物以及运用RACE技术首次克隆出巨龙竹ANT基因全长cDNA序列。其序列全长为1 914 bp,与水稻、玉米、... 详细信息

为进一步探索巨龙竹速生与巨大的分子机理,研究其AINTEGUMENTA(ANT)基因功能,研究试验以巨龙竹cDNA第一链为模板,用简并引物、基因特异引物以及运用RACE技术首次克隆出巨龙竹ANT基因全长cDNA序列。其序列全长为1 914 bp,与水稻、玉米、小麦等植物同类基因序列相似性高达85%;并且含有一个837 bp的开放阅读框,编码278个与水稻、拟南芥和烟草ANT蛋白氨基酸序列有着较高同源性的巨龙竹ANT前体蛋白氨基酸序列。

关键词：巨龙竹 AINTEGUMENTA RACE cDNA 克隆

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基于温度互相关法流量测量实验

化工学报 2014年第S2期65卷 124-128页

作者：张绍志蒋青白崇俨陈光明浙江大学制冷与低温研究所浙江杭州310027

对基于温度互相关法的非侵入式水流量测量方法进行了初步的实验研究。将保温管路中两点温度作为直接被测信号,利用互相关法进行数据分析,用Matlab求出信号相位差,即延迟时间,进而得到流速和流量。结果表明:两测点温度差的平方和最小作... 详细信息

对基于温度互相关法的非侵入式水流量测量方法进行了初步的实验研究。将保温管路中两点温度作为直接被测信号,利用互相关法进行数据分析,用Matlab求出信号相位差,即延迟时间,进而得到流速和流量。结果表明:两测点温度差的平方和最小作为两者相似的判断条件,能够使估算出的流量与流量计实测流量差别在10%以内。结合无线温度采集网络技术,基于温度互相关法的流量测量在暖通空调工程中的应用值得关注。

关键词：测量算法实验验证流量互相关法温度

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过冷液氮和氮浆的制备及在低温保存中的应用

低温与超导 2023年第7期51卷 17-23,98页

作者：李名声张绍志浙江大学制冷与低温研究所浙江省制冷与低温技术重点实验室杭州310027

过冷液氮和氮浆是重要的低温冷却剂,与饱和液氮相比它们能够提供更好的冷却效果,在低温冷却领域极具应用潜力。本文对过冷液氮和氮浆的制备的方法进行了总结;归纳了过冷度、流速、固相比例及粒径大小等因素对过冷液氮和氮浆的传热特性... 详细信息

过冷液氮和氮浆是重要的低温冷却剂,与饱和液氮相比它们能够提供更好的冷却效果,在低温冷却领域极具应用潜力。本文对过冷液氮和氮浆的制备的方法进行了总结;归纳了过冷度、流速、固相比例及粒径大小等因素对过冷液氮和氮浆的传热特性的影响;陈述了过冷液氮和氮浆在生物材料玻璃化保存中的应用优势,也对重复制取困难和在某些案例玻璃化保存中未显现优势等问题做了总结。

关键词：过冷液氮氮浆流动特性传热低温保存