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不同风化带离子型稀土矿浸出前后孔隙结构与渗透性变化特征

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水文地质工程地质 2024年第4期51卷 117-124页

作者：张恋文宝萍陈陵康王利民中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院北京100083 广东石油化工学院理学院广东茂名525000 多相复杂系统国家重点实验室(中国科学院过程工程研究所) 北京100190

离子型稀土矿是典型的风化壳淋积型稀土矿,这类稀土矿浸出前后渗透性变化是反映稀土矿浸出率的重要指标之一,孔隙结构是控制其渗透系数的关键因素。以往对浸出前后稀土矿孔隙结构和渗透性研究主要集中于风化程度和丰度相对较高的全风化... 详细信息

离子型稀土矿是典型的风化壳淋积型稀土矿,这类稀土矿浸出前后渗透性变化是反映稀土矿浸出率的重要指标之一,孔隙结构是控制其渗透系数的关键因素。以往对浸出前后稀土矿孔隙结构和渗透性研究主要集中于风化程度和丰度相对较高的全风化带稀土矿,对其他风化带稀土矿的研究较少。随着稀土资源日渐枯竭,其他风化带稀土矿的开发已受到产业部门的高度重视。研究以江西足洞矿区未开采段残积土、全风化带和强风化带内的原状稀土矿试样为研究对象,通过模拟原地浸矿试验,测试其浸出前后渗透系数,采用X射线计算机层析扫描技术获取浸出前后试样结构,采用三维成像技术构建其三维孔隙结构、提取孔隙结构参数,进而定量分析不同风化程度稀土矿浸出前后孔隙结构参数和渗透系数变化规律。结果显示:(1.浸出后,稀土矿渗透系数和孔隙结构参数中的孔隙度、连通性及平均配位数变化率随风化程度降低呈现减小趋势。其中,强风化带稀土矿的渗透系数和孔隙结构参数变化率最小,反映在丰度相近时,强风化带稀土矿较残积土稀土矿的浸出率更高;(2.浸出前后颗粒级配和矿物成分变化特征显示,不同风化带稀土矿浸出前后孔隙结构和渗透性变化率差异的内在机理是长石及云母颗粒分解作用、离子交换作用强度和团粒分散程度的差异以及由此导致的矿物成分和颗粒级配变化程度的差异。研究结果可为类似离子型稀土矿的充分开发利用提供参考。

关键词：离子型稀土矿孔隙结构渗透系数风化带

土库曼斯坦南约洛坦气田复杂盐膏层钻井液技术

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天然气工业 2011年第7期31卷 55-58,107-108页

作者：杨晓冰蔺志鹏陈鑫文虎张长庚川庆钻探工程有限公司钻采工程技术研究院长庆分院 710021 低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室

土库曼斯坦南约洛坦气田的主力产层位于盐膏层之下,曾因盐膏层地质情况复杂和工程事故频发而一度不能钻达设计井深。该区存在一系列的钻井难题:①随巨厚盐膏层而来的"盐水侵"、"钙镁侵"等导致钻井液受到严重污染;②地层疏松和高压气体... 详细信息

土库曼斯坦南约洛坦气田的主力产层位于盐膏层之下,曾因盐膏层地质情况复杂和工程事故频发而一度不能钻达设计井深。该区存在一系列的钻井难题:①随巨厚盐膏层而来的"盐水侵"、"钙镁侵"等导致钻井液受到严重污染;②地层疏松和高压气体所造成的"气侵"使井漏与溢流(井涌)并存;③井下高温、高压环境使钻井液性能变差;④高密度钻井液因其固有的高固相所造成的流变性控制难。为此,中国石油天然气集团公司川庆钻探工程有限公司研发并使用了以体系组成简单且高效、配制有序且逐步放大量为特点,以"护胶为主、增强抑制性"为维护处理技术思路的高密度饱和盐水聚磺钻井液,其组成为:基础材料类(膨润土、烧碱、纯碱、NaCl、KCl等)+聚合物类(PAC、FA367、XY-2.、JT888等)+磺化材料类(SMP-2.SMC、SPNH、JNJS-2.0、SMT、FT-1.)+加重剂(重晶石)+辅助材料类(润滑剂、消泡剂、盐重结晶抑制剂等)。此举,提高了高固相含量钻井液体系的综合性能。该钻井液应用于现场,克服了各种因地质因素所造成的钻井液污染破坏问题,突破了该气田钻井技术"瓶颈",成功解决了该气田盐膏层井段所惯存的蠕动、缩径、垮塌等技术难题,确保了该区1.口天然气探井盐膏层钻井任务的安全、顺利完成。

关键词：土库曼斯坦南约洛坦气田晚侏罗世盐膏层高密度钻井液高温高压污染维护处理川庆钻探工程有限公司

含流体致密砂岩的纵波频散及衰减:基于双重双重孔隙结构模型描述的特征分析

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地球物理学报 2018年第3期61卷 1053-1068页

作者：郭梦秋巴晶马汝鹏陈天胜张琳庞孟强谢剑勇河海大学地球科学与工程学院地球探测研究所南京211100 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院油气地球物理中心北京100083

致密砂岩普遍具有低孔、低渗及微裂缝发育的地质特征,并且呈现出很强的非均匀性.致密砂岩储层与常规砂岩储层比较,具有明显的岩石物理性质、渗流力学性质方面的差异.致密砂岩内部的非均匀性对弹性波频散、衰减有显著影响,其中包括孔隙... 详细信息

致密砂岩普遍具有低孔、低渗及微裂缝发育的地质特征,并且呈现出很强的非均匀性.致密砂岩储层与常规砂岩储层比较,具有明显的岩石物理性质、渗流力学性质方面的差异.致密砂岩内部的非均匀性对弹性波频散、衰减有显著影响,其中包括孔隙结构的非均匀性,即岩石内部孔隙参数的不均一性,以及孔隙内部不相混溶流体的非均匀分布;此外,非均匀性的尺度也决定了波出现显著频散与衰减的频段.综合考虑致密砂岩孔隙结构非均匀性及流体斑块状饱和的非均匀性,本文采用双双重孔隙介质结构模拟了致密砂岩的弹性波响应,分析了同时具备两类非均质性岩石中的波传播特征.调查分析了两组分别来自中国鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田及四川盆地广安气田的不同类型致密砂岩储层的岩芯超声波实验数据,给出了岩石样本的弹性波速度频散与衰减曲线.结果显示理论模型预测结果与完全饱和、部分饱和岩石的实验数据吻合良好.对两个地区致密砂岩岩芯数据进行对比分析,苏里格致密砂岩样本总体上比广安致密砂岩渗透率高,在各孔隙度范围内,特征模拟显示苏里格样本的裂隙尺寸明显大于广安样本.广安致密砂岩在低孔隙度范围内发育了更多、更小的颗粒裂隙/接触.致密砂岩的速度频散与衰减结果受流体黏度、晶体破裂及流体斑块状饱和的共同影响.此外,孔隙度越大,部分饱和岩石中斑块状饱和机制对总衰减的贡献越低,与之相对,结构非均质性所占的比重则有所增强.

关键词：致密砂岩非均质性部分饱和纵波频散和衰减双重双重孔隙介质模型

"Three-Component" Digital Prospecting Method: A New Approach for Mineral Resources Quantitative Prediction and Assessment

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Journal of Earth Science 2004年第3期 6-13页

作者： Zhao Pengda Chioa University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, china chen Jianping School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083, china chen Jianguo institute of Mathematical Geology, china University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, china zhang Shouting School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083, china chen Yongqing china geological Survey, beijing 100073, china

Three-component" method consists of three close-connected aspects: geological anomaly, diversity of mineralization and mineral deposit spectrum. All these three concepts are not new separately, but it is a new approach to combine these three aspects in one single concept for quantitative mineral resources prediction and assessment and it is also the first time to conduct a more detailed study in each aspect. Investigation and clarification of geological anomalies, diversity of mineralization and spectrum of mineral deposits are realized by digitization and quantification of ore forming controlling factors, ore-existing symbols or marks, characteristics of mineralization and regulation of ore-genesis and laws of distribution. These procedures lead to construction of a "digital model" for mineral resources prediction and assessment.

关键词： three-component" method geological anomaly diversity of mineralization spectrum of mineral deposits.

Effects of slow-release urea fertilizers on urease activity, microbial biomass, and nematode communities in an aquic brown soil

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2005年第z1期48卷 26-32页

作者： JIAO Xiaoguang, LIANG wenju, chen Lijun, {2. Haijun, LI Qi, WANG Peng & wen Dazhong Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, institute of Applied Ecology, chinese academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, china Shenyang Experimental Station of Ecology, institute of Applied Ecology, chinese academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, china Graduate School of chinese academy of Sciences, beijing 100039, china 1. Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences 110016 Shenyang China 2. Shenyang Experimental Station of Ecology Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences 110016 Shenyang China 3. Graduate School of chinese {1. of Sciences 100039 Beijing China

A field experiment was carried out at the Shenyang Experimental Station of Ecology (CAS) in order to study the effects of slow-release urea fertilizers high polymer-coated urea (SRU1., SRU1.mixed with dicyandiamide DCD (SRU2., and SRU1.mixed with calcium carbide CaC2.(SRU3) on urease activity, microbial biomass C and N, and nematode communities in an aquic brown soil during the maize growth period. The results demonstrated that the application of slow-release urea fertilizers inhibits soil urease activity and increases the soil NH4+-N *** available N increment could promote its immobilization by microorganisms. Determination of soil microbial biomass N indicated that a combined application of coated urea and nitrification inhibitors increased the soil active N pool. The population of predators/omnivores indicated that treatment with SRU2.could provide enough soil NH4+-N to promote maize growth and increased the food resource for the soil fauna compared with the other treatments.

关键词： slow-release urea, urease activity, microbial biomass, nematode community, aquic brown soil.

9,1.-Dicyanoanthracene-sensitized photooxidation of 1.4-diphenyl-1.3-butadiene in acetonitrile

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chinese Journal of Chemistry 1985年第3期3卷 290-291页

作者： chen Jian-Xin CAO Yi {1. Bao-{2. MING yang-Fu institute of Photographic Chemistry,Academia Sinica,beijing institute of Photographic Chemistry Academia Sinica Beijing

By USing cyanoaromatic sensitizers,some alkenes,alkyties sulfides,and OXiranes which donot undergo photooxidation with singlet oxygen（1.2.may react readily with oxygen viaan electron transfer *** works of Santamaria,1.oote2.s well as ours have beenmainly concerned with the possible singlet oxygen reactions involVed in the electron *** this communication,we report the 9,1.-dicyanoanthracene（DCA）sensitized photooxidation of,trans,trans-1.4-dipheny1.1.3-butadiene and try to clarify itsmechanism.

关键词： Dicyanoanthracene-sensitized photooxidation of 1.4-diphenyl-1.3-butadiene in acetonitrile DCA

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砂岩透镜体成藏门限及控油气作用机理

石油学报 2003年第3期24卷 38-41,45页

作者：庞雄奇陈冬霞李丕龙张善文姜振学肖焕钦石油大学石油与天然气成藏机理教育部重点实验室中国石油化工股份公司胜利油田分公司山东东营257051

砂岩透镜体成藏须经历供烃门限和聚烃门限 ,供烃门限与源岩向砂体排烃的临界地质条件相对应。在济阳坳陷目前已发现的 1.4个主要砂岩透镜体油藏中 ,有 1.2.处于排烃门限 ( 2.5 0 0m )以下。聚烃门限系指砂岩透镜体接收外来油气的临界... 详细信息

砂岩透镜体成藏须经历供烃门限和聚烃门限 ,供烃门限与源岩向砂体排烃的临界地质条件相对应。在济阳坳陷目前已发现的 1.4个主要砂岩透镜体油藏中 ,有 1.2.处于排烃门限 ( 2.5 0 0m )以下。聚烃门限系指砂岩透镜体接收外来油气的临界地质条件 ,与之对应的砂岩孔隙度为 1. % ,渗透率为 1. 1. -3 μm2.。在济阳坳陷已发现的主要透镜体油藏中 ,98%以上的油藏平均孔隙度和渗透率超过以上临界值。在砂岩透镜体埋藏过程中 ,一般要经历 4个阶段 ,处在第三阶段的透镜体砂岩既满足源岩供烃条件 ,又满足自身的聚烃条件 ,最有利于形成岩性油气藏。

关键词：济阳坳陷透镜体油藏地质门限成藏机理

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东方田鼠指名亚种和长江亚种筑巢行为

动物学杂志 2018年第5期53卷 673-681页

作者：张琛王勇张美文中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究、亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室长沙410125 中国科学院大学北京100049

为了解东方田鼠(Microtusfortis)筑巢行为在不同环境条件下的适应性进化。在实验室内采用48 h等级法和连续1.4 h巢材获取重量法,比较了东方田鼠长江亚种(M. f. calamorumt)和指名亚种(M. f. fortis)筑巢行为。结果表明,东方田鼠指名亚... 详细信息

为了解东方田鼠(Microtusfortis)筑巢行为在不同环境条件下的适应性进化。在实验室内采用48 h等级法和连续1.4 h巢材获取重量法,比较了东方田鼠长江亚种(M. f. calamorumt)和指名亚种(M. f. fortis)筑巢行为。结果表明,东方田鼠指名亚种和长江亚种皆能主动获取巢材并建筑质量良好的巢,具有稳定的筑巢行为;东方田鼠两个亚种的筑巢行为在利用巢材能力(P 1.和获取巢材能力(P <0.05)上皆具有显著性差异;指名亚种雌雄个体在利用巢材(P <0.05)和获取巢材的能力(P<0.05)上皆具有显著差异,而长江亚种在这两个方面都不存在性别差异。

关键词：东方田鼠指名亚种长江亚种筑巢行为适应性进化

Genome assembly of autotetraploid Actinidia arguta highlights adaptive evolution and enables dissection of important economic traits

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Plant Communications 2024年第6期5卷 173-192页

作者： Xue-Mei Lu Xiao-Fen Yu Guo-Qiang Li Ming-Hao Qu Huan Wang Chuang Liu Yu-Ping Man Xiao-Han Jiang Mu-Zi Li Jian Wang Qi-Qi chen Rui Lei cheng-cheng Zhao Yun-Qiu Zhou Zheng-Wang Jiang Zuo-Zhou Li Shang Zheng Chang Dong Bai-Lin Wang Yan-Xiang Sun Hui-Qin zhang Jie-Wei Li Quan-Hui Mo Ying zhang Xin Lou Hai-Xu Peng Ya-Ting Yi He-Xin Wang Xiu-Jun zhang Yi-Bo Wang Dan Wang Li Li Qiong zhang wen-Xia Wang Yongbo Liu Lei Gao Jin-Hu Wu Yan-Chang Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubeiChina Key Laboratory of Western china’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Wuhan Frasergen Bioinformatics Co. LtdWuhanHubeiChina institute of Soil and Fertilizer Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiChina College of Agricultural Sciences Xichang UniversityXichangSichuanChina Department of Horticulture Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbinHeilongjiangChina College of Life Sciences Langfang Normal UniversityLangfangHebeiChina institute of Horticulture Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina Guangxi institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilinGuangxiChina Xi’an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province Institute of Botany of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’anShaanxiChina institute of Modern Agricultural Research Dalian UniversityDalianLiaoningChina Bioinformatics Center College of Plant Science and TechnologyBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina College of Agriculture Eastern Liaoning UniversityDandongLiaoningChina Dalian institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoningChina State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubeiChina The New Zealand institute for Plant and Food Research Limited AucklandNew Zealand

Actinidia arguta,the most widely distributed Actinidia species and the second cultivated species in the genus,can be distinguished from the currently cultivated Actinidia chinensis on the basis of its small and smooth fruit,rapid softening,and excellent cold *** evolution of tetraploid Actinidia species and the genetic basis of their important agronomic traits are still ***,we generated a chromosome-scale genome assembly of an autotetraploid male *** *** genome assembly was 2.77 Gb in length with a contig N50 of 9.97 Mb and was anchored onto 1.6 *** and clustering of 1.1.geographically representative accessions showed that they could be divided into two geographic groups,Southern and Northern,which first diverged 1..9 million years *** underwent two prominent expansions and one demographic bottleneck from the midPleistocene climate transition to the late *** genomics studies using paleoclimate data enabled us to discern the evolution of the species’adaptation to different historical *** genes(AaCEL1.AaPME1.and AaDOF1.related to flesh softening were identified by multi-omics analysis,and their ability to accelerate flesh softening was verified through transient expression assays.A set of genes that characteristically regulate sexual dimorphism located on the sex chromosome(Chr3)or autosomal chromosomes showed biased expression during stamen or carpel *** chromosome-level assembly of the autotetraploid *** genome and the genes related to important agronomic traits will facilitate future functional genomics research and improvement of ***.

关键词： kiwiberry dioecism adaptive evolution paleoclimate GEA rapid softening