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Host plant traits play a crucial role in shaping the composition of epiphytic microbiota in the arid desert,Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第5期16卷 699-724页

作者： zhang Jun zhang yuanming zhang Qi State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Field Scientific Observation Research Station of Tianshan Wild Fruit Forest Ecosystem Yili Botanical GardenXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China College of Life Sciences Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832003China

Phyllosphere microorganisms are a crucial component of environmental microorganisms,highly influenced by host characteristics,and play a significant role in plant health and productivity.Nonetheless,the impact of host characteristics on shaping phyllosphere microbial communities of plants with different life forms remains ambiguous.Utilizing high-throughput sequencing technology,this study analyzed the diversity and community composition of phyllosphere epiphytic microorganisms(e.g.,bacteria and fungi)of various plant life forms in the hinterland of the Gurbantunggut Desert,Northwest China.Functional annotation of prokaryotic taxa(FAPROTAX)and fungi function guild(FUNGuild)were employed to assess the ecological functions of microorganisms and to investigate the role of stochastic and deterministic processes in shaping phyllosphere microbial communities.Result showed a diverse array of phyllosphere epiphytic microorganisms in the desert plants,with Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria,and Actinobacteriota dominating bacterial community,while Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were prevalent in fungal community.Comparison across different plant life forms highlighted distinct microbial communities,indicating strong filtering effects by plant characteristics.FAPROTAX prediction identified intracellular parasites(accounting for 27.44%of bacterial community abundance),chemoheterotrophy(10.12%),and phototrophy(17.41%)as the main functions of epiphytic bacteria on leaves of different life form plants.FUNGuild prediction indicated that phyllosphere epiphytic fungi primarily served as Saprotrophs(81.77%),Pathotrophs(17.41%),and Symbiotrophs(0.82%).Co-occurrence network analysis demonstrated a predominance of positive correlations among different microbial taxa.Raup-Crick dissimilarity index analysis revealed that deterministic processes predominantly influenced phyllosphere bacterial and fungal community assembly.Variance partitioning analysis and random forest modeling suggested that plant leaf functional traits significantly impacted

关键词： phyllosphere epiphytic bacteria phyllosphere epiphytic fungi community structure community diversity functional diversity plant life form plant functional traits

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Effects of drought treatment on photosystemⅡactivity in the ephemeral plant Erodium oxyrhinchum

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第6期15卷 724-739页

作者： CHEN Yingying LIN Yajun ZHOU Xiaobing zhang Jing YANG Chunhong zhang yuanming State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology/Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 311121China

Drought is a critical limiting factor affecting the growth and development of plants in arid and semi-arid areas.Photosynthesis,one of the most important physiological processes of plants,can be significantly inhibited by drought.PhotosystemⅡ(PSⅡ)is considered the main attack target when photosynthesis is affected by drought.To clarify how PSⅡcomponents of the ephemeral plant Erodium oxyrhinchum(grown in the Gurbantunggut Desert,China)respond to drought treatment,we evaluated the functional activity of PSII by determining chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange parameters under different drought treatment levels(control(400 mL),moderate drought(200 mL),and severe drought(100 m L)).Under moderate drought treatment,significant decreases were found in net photosynthetic rate(Pn),effective quantum yield of PSII(Y(Ⅱ)),relative electron transfer rate of PSII(rETR(Ⅱ)),oxygen-releasing complex,probability of an absorbed exciton moving an electron into the electron transport chain beyond primary quinone receptor Q_(A)-(Φ(E_(o))),probability of a trapped exciton moving an electron into the electron transport chain beyond primary quinone receptor Q_(A)-(ψ(E_(o))),and performance index of PSⅡ(PI_(abs)).Compared to control treatment,marked increases were observed in water use efficiency(WUE),relative variable fluorescence at the J step(V_(J)),initial fluorescence(F_(o)),and dissipated energy per active reaction center(DI_(o)/RC)under moderate drought treatment,but there were no substantial changes in semi-saturated light intensity(I_(K)),active reaction centers per cross-section(RC/CS),and total performance index of PSII and PSI(PI_(total),where PSI is the photosystemⅠ).The changes of the above parameters under severe drought treatment were more significant than those under moderate drought treatment.In addition,severe drought treatment significantly increased the absorbed energy per active reaction center(ABS/RC)and trapping energy per active reaction center(TR_(o)/RC)but decreased the energy transmission connectivity of P

关键词： chlorophyll fluorescence drought treatment electron transport photosynthesis photosystem II Erodium oxyrhinchum Gurbantunggut Desert

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Spatial variability and driving factors of soil multifunctionality in drylands of China

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Regional Sustainability 2022年第3期3卷 223-232页

作者： zhang Shihang CHEN Yusen LU Yongxing GUO Hao GUO Xing LIU Chaohong ZHOU Xiaobing zhang yuanming State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China National Engineering Technology Research Center for Desert-Oasis Ecological Construction Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China College of Grassland and Environment Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi830052China

Drylands are highly vulnerable to climate change and human activities.The drylands of China account for approximately 10.8%of global drylands,and China is the country most severely affected by aridity in Asia.Therefore,studying the spatial variation characteristics in soil multifunctionality(SMF)and investigating the driving factors are critical for elucidating and managing the functions of dryland ecosystems in China.Based on the environmental factors(mean annual precipitation(MAP),mean annual temperature(MAT),solar radiation(Srad),soil acidity(pH),enhanced vegetation index(EVI),and cation exchange capacity(CEC))and aridity from the“dataset of soil properties for land surface modeling over China”,we used non-linear regression,ordinary least square(OLS)regression,structural equation model(SEM),and other analytical methods to investigate the relationships of SMF with environmental factors across different aridity levels in China.SMF in different dryland regions varied significantly and showed a patchy distribution,with SMF index values ranging from–1.21 to 2.42.Regions with SMF index values from–0.20 to 0.51 accounting for 63.0%of dryland area in China.OLS regression results revealed that environmental factors like MAP,MAT,Srad,pH,EVI,and CEC were significantly related to SMF(P<0.05).MAP and MAT were correlated to SMF at the whole aridity level(P<0.05).SEM results showed that the driving factors of SMF differed depending on the aridity level.Soil pH was the strongest driving factor of SMF when the aridity was less than 0.80(P<0.001).Both soil CEC and EVI had a positive effect on SMF when aridity was greater than 0.80(P<0.01),with soil CEC being the strongest driving factor.The importance ranking revealed that the relative importance contribution of soil pH to SMF was greatest when aridity was less than 0.80(66.9%).When aridity was set to greater than 0.80,the relative importance contributions of CEC and EVI to SMF increased(45.1%and 31.9%,respectively).Our findings indicated that SMF had high spatial heterogeneity

关键词： Drylands Soil multifunctionality (SMF) Aridity Index(AI) Spatial variability Driving factors Aridity level

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Spatiotemporal variations in the growth status of declining wild apple trees in a narrow valley in the western Tianshan Mountains, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第12期14卷 1413-1439页

作者： QIU Dong TAO Ye ZHOU Xiaobing Bagila MAISUPOVA YAN Jingming LIU Huiliang LI Wenjun ZHUANG Weiwei zhang yuanming Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology/Key Laboratory of Special Environment Biodiversity Application and Regulation in Xinjiang/Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology in Arid Land/College of Life Sciences Xinjiang Normal UniversityUrumqi 830054China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry Astana 010000Kazakhstan

Malus sieversii(wild apple tree),only distributed in the Tianshan Mountains in Central Asia,is a tertiary relic species and an ancestral species of cultivated apples.However,existing natural populations of wild apple trees have been declining.To date,spatiotemporal variations in the growth status of declining wild apple trees and influencing factors in the narrow valley areas in the Tianshan Mountains remain unclear.In this study,field investigation and sampling were carried out in three years(2016-2018)at four elevations(1300,1400,1500,and 1600 m)in the Qiaolakesai Valley(a typical longitudinal narrow valley in the Yili River Valley)of the western Tianshan Mountains in Xinyuan County,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China.Projective coverage,dead branch percentage,and 18 twig traits(these 20 parameters were collectively referred to as plant traits)were determined to comprehensively reflect the growth status of declining wild apple trees.The values of dead branch percentage ranged from 36%to 59%,with a mean of 40%.Year generally showed higher impact on plant traits than elevation.In 2017 and 2018,projective coverage,leaf size,leaf nitrogen concentration,and nitrogen to phosphorous ratio were markedly higher than those in 2016.However,dead branch percentage and leaf and stem phosphorous concentrations showed the opposite trend.Most of the topological parameters of plant trait networks differed in the three years,but the strength of trait-trait association increased year by year.The mean difference between day and night temperatures(MDT),annual accumulative precipitation,soil electrical conductivity,and soil pH had the greatest impact on the plant trait matrix.The growth status of declining wild apple trees was directly and positively affected by MDT and leaf size.In conclusion,the growth of declining wild apple trees distributed in the narrow valley areas was more sensitive to interannual environmental changes than elevation changes.The results are of great significance for further revealing the decline mechanism

关键词： Malus sieversii plant attributes plant trait network elevation gradient meteorological factor western Tianshan Mountains

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Precipitation and soil particle size co-determine spatial distribution of biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第5期10卷 701-711页

作者： WU Lin zhang yuanming Hubei University for Nationalities Enshi 445000 China Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China

Biological soil crusts （BSCs） are bio-sedimentary associations that play crucial ecological roles in arid and semi-arid regions. In the Gurbantunggut Desert of China, more than 27% of the land surface is characterized by a predominant cover of lichen-dominated BSCs that contribute to the stability of the desert. However, little is known about the major factors that limit the spatial distribution of BSCs at a macro scale. In this study, the cover of BSCs was investigated along a precipitation gradient from the margins to the center of the Gurbantunggut Desert. Environmental variables including precipitation, soil particle size, soil pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic carbon, total salt, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium were analyzed at a macro scale to determine their association with differing assemblages of BSCs （cyanobacteria crusts, lichen crusts and moss crusts） using constrained linear ordination redundancy analysis （RDA）. A model of BSCs distribution correlated with environmental variables that dominated the first two axes of the RDA was constructed to clearly demonstrate the succession stages of BSCs. The study determined that soil particle size （represented by coarse sand content） and precipitation are the most significant drivers influencing the spatial distribution of BSCs at a macro scale in the Gurbantunggut Desert. The cover of lichen and moss crusts increased with increasing precipitation, while the cover of cyanobacteria crusts decreased with increasing precipitation. The cover of lichen and moss crusts was negatively associated with coarse sand content, whereas the cover of cyanobacteria crusts was positively correlated with coarse sand content. These findings highlight the need for both the availability of soil moisture and a relatively stable of soil matrix, not only for the growth of BSCs but more importantly, for the regeneration and rehabilitation of disturbed BSC communities in arid and semi-arid lands. Thereby, this study will provide a theory basis to effectively

关键词： biological soil crust distribution macro scale redundancy analysis （RDA） disturbance temperate desert

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Shrub modulates the stoichiometry of moss and soil in desert ecosystems, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第4期11卷 579-594页

作者： LI Yonggang ZHOU Xiaobing zhang yuanming Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academyof SciencesUrumqi830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Desert mosses, which are important stabilizers in desert ecosystems, are distributed patchily under and between shrubs. Mosses differ from vascular plants in the ways they take up nutrients. Clarifying their distribution with ecological stoichiometry may be useful in explaining their mechanisms of living in different microhabitats. In this study, Syntrichia caninervis, the dominant moss species of moss crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China, was selected to examine the study of stoichiometric characteristics in three microhabitats(under living shrubs, under dead shrubs and in exposed ground). The stoichiometry and enzyme activity of rhizosphere soil were analyzed. The plant function in the above-ground and below-ground parts of S. caninervis is significantly different, so the stoichiometry of the above-ground and below-ground parts might also be different. Results showed that carbon(C), nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) contents in the below-ground parts of S. caninervis were significantly lower than those in the above-ground parts. The highest N and P contents of the two parts were found under living shrubs and the lowest under dead shrubs. The C contents of the two parts did not differ significantly among the three microhabitats. In contrast, the ratios of C:N and C:P in the below-ground parts were higher than those in the above-ground parts in all microhabitats, with significant differences in the microhabitats of exposed ground and under living shrubs. There was an increasing trend in soil organic carbon(SOC), soil total nitrogen(STN), soil available phosphorous(SAP), and C:P and N:P ratios from exposed ground to under living shrubs and to under dead shrubs. No significant differences were found in soil total phosphorous(STP) and soil available nitrogen(SAN), or in ratios of C:N and SAN:SAP. Higher soil urease(SUE) and soil nitrate reductase(SNR) activities were found in soil under dead shrubs, while higher soil sucrase(STC) and soil β-glucosidase(SBG) activities were respectively found in exposed ground and u

关键词： moss stoichiometry Syntrichia caninervis microhabitats soil stoichiometry soil enzyme Gurbantunggut Desert

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Snowpack shifts cyanobacterial community in biological soil crusts

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第3期13卷 239-256页

作者： zhang Bingchang zhang Yongqing ZHOU Xiaobing LI Xiangzhen zhang yuanming Geographical Science College Shanxi Normal UniversityLinfen 041004China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China

Winter snowpack is an important source of moisture that influences the development ofbiological soil crusts(BSCs)in desert ecosystems.Cyanobacteria are important photosynthetic organismsin BSCs.However,the responses of the cyanobacterial community in BSCs to snowpack,snow depth andmelting snow are still unknown.In this study,we investigated the cyanobacterial community compositionand diversity in BSCs under different snow treatments(doubled snow,ambient snow and removed snow)and three snow stages(stage 1,snowpack;stage 2,melting snow;and stage 3,melted snow)in theGurbantunggut Desert in China.In stages 1 and 2,Cyanobacteria were the dominant phylum in the bacterialcommunity in the removed snow treatment,whereas Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were abundant inthe bacterial communities in the ambient snow and doubled snow treatments.The relative abundances ofProteobacteria and Bacteroidetes increased with increasing snow depth.The relative abundances ofCyanobacteria and other bacterial taxa were affected mainly by soil temperature and irradiance.In stages 2and 3,the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria increased quickly due to the suitable soil moisture andirradiance conditions.Oscillatoriales,Chroococcales,Nostocales,Synechococcales and unclassifiedCyanobacteria were detected in all the snow treatments,and the most dominant taxa were Oscillatorialesand Chroococcales.Various cyanobacterial taxa showed different responses to snowpack.Soil moisture andirradiance were the two critical factors shaping the cyanobacterial community structure.The snowpackdepth and duration altered the soil surface irradiance,soil moisture and other soil properties,whichconsequently were selected for different cyanobacterial communities.Thus,local microenvironmentalfiltering(niche selection)caused by snow conditions may be a dominant process driving shifts in thecyanobacterial community in BSCs.

关键词： cyanobacterial diversity community structure biological soil crusts snowpack niche selection

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Impacts of snow on seed germination are independent of seed traits and plant ecological characteristics in a temperate desert of Central Asia

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第5期12卷 775-790页

作者： Anlifeire ANNIWAER SU Yangui ZHOU Xiaobing zhang yuanming State Kay Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Seed germination profoundly impacts plant community composition within the plant life cycle.Snow is an important source of water for seed germination in the temperate deserts of Central Asia.Understanding how seed germination responds to variations in snow cover in relation to seed traits and plant ecological characteristics can help predict plant community sustainability and stability in Central Asia under a scenario climate change.This study investigated the seed germination of 35 plant species common to the Gurbantunggut Desert in Central Asia under the three snow treatments:(1)snow addition;(2)ambient snow;and(3)snow removal.Two-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)tests were performed to assess interactions among the impacts of snow treatments,seed traits and plant ecological characteristics on seed germination.Phylogenetic generalized least-squares(PGLS)model was used to test the relationships between seed traits and seed germination.The results demonstrated that snow variations had no significant impacts on seed germination overall.Seed germination under the snow addition treatment was similar with that under the ambient snow treatment,irrespective of seed traits and plant ecological characteristics.Snow removal only had negative impacts on seed germination for certain groups of seed traits and plant ecological characteristics.Seed mass positively affected seed germination,showing a linear increase of arcsin square root-transformed seed germination with log-transformed seed mass.Seed shape also profoundly impacted seed germination,with a higher germination percentage for elongated and flat seeds.Seed germination differed under different plant life forms,with semi-shrub species showing a significantly higher germination percentage.Most importantly,although snow treatments,seed traits and plant ecological characteristics had no interactive effects on seed germination overall,some negative impacts from the snow removal treatment were detected when seeds were categorized on the basis of seed mass and shape.This resu

关键词： snow cover seed germination seed traits plant life form Gurbantunggut Desert

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Leaf N and P stoichiometry of 57 plant species in the Karamori Mountain Ungulate Nature Reserve,Xinjiang,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第6期8卷 935-947页

作者： TAO Ye WU Ganlin zhang yuanming ZHOU Xiaobing College of Life Sciences The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest AnhuiAnqing Normal University Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of Sciences

Nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） are the major nutrients that constrain plant growth and development, as well as the structure and function of ecosystems. Hence, leaf N and P patterns can contribute to a deep understanding of plant nutrient status, nutrient limitation type of ecosystems, plant life-history strategy and differentiation of functional groups. However, the status and pattern of leaf N and P stoichiometry in N-deficiency desert ecosystems remain unclear. Under this context, the leaf samples from 57 plant species in the Karamori Mountain Ungulate Nature Reserve, eastern Junggar Desert, China were investigated and the patterns and interrelations of leaf N and P were comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the average leaf N concentration, P concentration, and N：P ratio were 30.81 mg/g, 1.77 mg/g and 17.72, respectively. This study found that the leaf N concentration and N：P ratio were significantly higher than those of studies conducted at global, national and regional scales; however, the leaf P concentration was at moderate level. Leaf N concentration was allometrically correlated with leaf P and N：P ratio across all species. Leaf N, P concentrations and N：P ratio differed to a certain extent among plant functional groups. C4 plants and shrubs, particularly shrubs with assimilative branches, showed an obviously lower P concentration than those of C3 plants, herbs and shrubs without assimilative branches. Shrubs with assimilative branches also had lower N concentration. Fabaceae plants had the highest leaf N, P concentrations （as well as Asteraceae） and N：P ratio; other families had a similar N, P-stoichiometry. The soil in this study was characterized by a lack of N （total N：P ratio was 0.605）, but had high N availability compared with P （i.e. the available N：P ratio was 1.86）. This might explain why plant leaves had high N concentration （leaf N：P ratio〉16）. In conclusion, the desert plants in the extreme environment in this study have formed their intrinsic and special stoichiometric character

关键词： leaf stoichiometry desert plant functional group nutrient limitation Junggar Desert Karamori Mountain

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Species composition,distribution patterns and ecological functions of biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert

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Journal of Arid Land 2010年第3期2卷 180-189页

作者： zhang, yuanming Wu, Nan zhang, BingChang zhang, Jing Chinese Acad Sci Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog Key Lab Biogeog & Bioresource Arid Land Urumqi 830011 Peoples R China

As one of the most important biological factors that maintain the stability of the largest fixed and semi-fixed desert in China, the Gurbantunggut Desert, the biological soil crusts (BSCs) develop well and play critical ecological roles in the desert ecosystem. In this paper, we briefly summarize our research findings since 2002 including species composition, distribution pattern and ecological functions of BSCs in the desert. Our results indicate abundant species diversity of BSCs in the Gurbantunggut Desert in comparison to other deserts in China. At the scales of sand dune or whole desert, the distribution patterns of BSCs are location-specific. The existence of BSCs in this desert could: (1) accelerate the formation of desert soil and the weathering of minerals; (2) accumulate organic matter in surface soil through related species in soil crusts; (3) enhance the abilities of sand surface to resist wind erosion; (4) influence seed germination of vascular plants; and (5) enhance the production of dew deposition on sandy soil surface.

关键词： biological soil crusts species diversity location-specific distribution desert ecosystem

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