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Recent progress on the functionalization of white phosphorus in China

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National Science Review 2024年第06期11卷 308-320页

作者： Xinlei Huangfu Zhongzhen Wang yu chen Junnian Wei Wei Liu Wen-{2. zhang Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS) State Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University

Direct synthesis of organophosphorus compounds from white phosphorus represents a significant but challenging subject, especially in the context of ongoing efforts to comprehensively improve the phosphorus-derived chemical industry driven by sustainability and safety concerns. China is the world's largest producer of white phosphorus, creating a significant demand for the green transformation of this crucial feedstock. This review provides an overview of advancements in white phosphorus activation by Chinese research teams, focusing on the direct construction of P–C/N/O/S/M bonds from white phosphorus. Additionally, we offer some insights into prospective directions for the activation and transformation of white phosphorus in the future. This review paper aims to attract more researchers to engage in this area, stimulating follow-up exploration and fostering enduring advances.

关键词： white phosphorus organophosphorus compound activation selectivity efficiency

A survey on model-based reinforcement learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 59-84页

作者： Fan-Ming LUO Tian XU Hang LAI xiong-Hui chen Weinan {2. Yang yu National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Polixir. ai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Reinforcement learning(RL) interacts with the environment to solve sequential decision-making problems via a trial-and-error approach. Errors are always undesirable in real-world applications, even though RL excels at playing complex video games that permit several trial-and-error attempts. To improve sample efficiency and thus reduce errors, model-based reinforcement learning(MBRL) is believed to be a promising direction, as it constructs environment models in which trial-and-errors can occur without incurring actual costs. In this survey, we investigate MBRL with a particular focus on the recent advancements in deep RL. There is a generalization error between the learned model of a non-tabular environment and the actual environment. Consequently, it is crucial to analyze the disparity between policy training in the environment model and that in the actual environment, guiding algorithm design for improved model learning, model utilization, and policy training. In addition, we discuss the recent developments of model-based techniques in other forms of RL, such as offline RL, goal-conditioned RL, multi-agent RL, and meta-RL. Furthermore,we discuss the applicability and benefits of MBRL for real-world tasks. Finally, this survey concludes with a discussion of the promising future development prospects for MBRL. We believe that MBRL has great unrealized potential and benefits in real-world applications, and we hope this survey will encourage additional research on MBRL.

关键词： reinforcement learning model-based reinforcement learning planning model learning model learning with reduced error model usage

Tunable quantum dots in monolithic Fabry-Perot microcavities for high-performance single-photon sources

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 325-332页

作者： Jiawei Yang Yan chen Zhixuan Rao Ziyang Zheng Changkun Song yujie chen Kaili xiong Pingxing chen Chaofan zhang Wei Wu Ying yu Siyuan yu State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Electronics and Information TechnologySun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Institute for Quantum Science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Hunan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information Mechanism and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073 HunanChina Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China

Cavity-enhanced single quantum dots(QDs)are the main approach towards ultra-high-performance solid-state quantum light sources for scalable photonic quantum ***,harnessing the Purcell effect requires precise spectral and spatial alignment of the QDs’emission with the cavity mode,which is challenging for most *** we have successfully integrated miniaturized Fabry-Perot microcavities with a piezoelectric actuator,and demonstrated a bright single-photon source derived from a deterministically coupled QD within this *** the cavity-membrane structures,we have achieved large spectral tunability via strain *** resonance,a high Purcell factor of~9 is *** source delivers single photons with simultaneous high extraction efficiency of 0.58,high purity of 0.956(2.and high indistinguishability of 0.92.(4).Together with its compact footprint,our scheme facilitates the scalable integration of indistinguishable quantum light sources on-chip,therefore removing a major barrier to the development of solid-state quantum information platforms based on QDs.

关键词： quantum removing purity

Traceless photodegradable polymer cocoons for universal protein delivery and light-controlled gene editing

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 664-676页

作者： Huaibin yu Meron Tsegay Kifle Lili chen Feihong {2. Yan zhang Shangbang Gao Wei Hou Shuliang chen Weining Zhao yuzhou Wu Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry&Materia MedicaKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)Wuhan430074China Zhengzhou Research Institute Harbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou450000China College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)Wuhan430074China Institute of Medical Virology School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430071China College of Pharmacy Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen518118China

Polymer conjugation was found highly valuable in clinic to improve the bioavailability of protein ***,it is still a tremendous challenge to achieve a complete release of original proteins from the conjugated hybrid under external stimulus to recover active proteins in the targeted ***,we report a general light-controlled protein delivery methodology by weaving a photodegradable polymer cocoon around proteins,which could reliably protect them from degradation in the dark while efficiently releasing them under illumination without any residual *** surface charge of the polymer shell is easily tunable to facilitate efficient cell *** versatility of this strategy is demonstrated by the delivery of the Cas9/sg RNA complex that realized light-controlled gene editing both in vitro and in vivo,and such repertoire is of particular value in regard to minimizing the off-target toxicity of CRISPR-Cas9-based gene therapy.

关键词： photodegradable polymer-protein conjugate protein delivery light control gene editing

Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Microchannel Heat Sink with Highly-Dense Micro-Jet Arrays

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1148-1160页

作者： zhang yu {2. Xiaoyan MIAO Lin {2. Liang HOU yu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Beijing Aerospace Technology Institute Beijing100083China

This paper proposed a new structure of highly-dense micro-jet arrays for hybrid jet-impingement/microchannel heat sinks(~12. jet per cm^(2. with jet width of 0.35 mm).Parametric study is performed to investigate the influence of structure and flow parameters on the convective heat transfer of water jet cooling in confined *** simulation results show that the optimal jet width,jet spacing and impingement distance are around 0.2.mm,0.2.mm and 0.3 mm,respectively,which can achieve a low thermal resistance as well as a relatively low pressure *** analysis of the heat transfer pathways shows that the micro-fin jet structures can extend the impinging heat transfer area and conduct a considerable proportion of heat,which can reach up to 38.9%with the Reynolds number ranging from 797.1 to *** heat transfer characteristics in the heat sink will shift from impingement dominated heat transfer to the channel-convection dominated heat transfer as the jet impingement distance increases.A correlation is proposed to predict the average Nusselt number on the stagnation area for the heat sink with different structure parameters,and the deviations of predictions from the numerical results are less than 10%.

关键词： hybrid heat sink impingement microchannel thermal management high heat flux

Intrinsic lithiophilic carbon host derived from bacterial cellulose nanofiber for dendrite-free and long-life lithium metal anode

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4203-4210页

作者： Gangyi xiong Jiayu yu Yalan Xing Puheng Yang Shichao zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Physics Science and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Although lithium metal is considered a promising anode for advanced Li-S and Li-air batteries,the uncontrolled dendrite growth and infinite volume change impede its practical ***,we report an ideal framework composed of carbonized bacterial cellulose(CBC)nanofibers,which shows intrinsic lithiophilicity to molten lithium without any lithiophilic surface *** wetting behavior of molten lithium can be significantly improved because its surface functional groups provide thermodynamical driving force,and the high surface roughness derived from nanocracks leads to rapid infusion in *** hybrid anode exhibits long cycle life up to 2.00 h and excellent deep stripping-platting capacity up to 2. mAh·cm^(-2..When the anode is assembled with LiFePO_(4) cathode,the full cell delivers a good cycling stability up to 700 *** is attributed to the intrinsic lithiophilic scaffold,which can not only lower the nucleation barrier of Li and provide uniform nucleation sites for stable Li stripping/plating,but also offer interspace to accommodate volume fluctuation of lithium during long *** work provides a new manner to achieve a series of intrinsic lithiophilic carbon skeletons based on the large family of biomass materials and organic materials.

关键词： intrinsic lithiophilicity lithium metal anode bacterial cellulose lithium dendrite long cycling life

An Efficient Optimization Design Framework for Low-Resistance Shape of Bionic Amphibious Robot

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 117-128页

作者： zhang Dai-yu zhang man-yu WANG Zhi-dong ZHENG Wen-sheng LING Hong-jie HU Jun-ming School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

To realize the low-resistance shape optimization design of amphibious robots,an efficient optimization design framework is proposed to improve the geometric deformation flexibility and optimization *** the proposed framework,the free-form deformation parametric model of the flat slender body is established and an analytical calculation method for the height constraints is *** method is introduced to carry out the high-precision resistance calculation and a constrained Kriging-based optimization method is built to improve the optimization efficiency by circularly infilling the new sample points which satisfying the ***,the shape of an amphibious robot example is optimized to get the low-resistance shape and the results demonstrate that the presented optimization design framework has the advantages of simplicity,flexibility and high efficiency.

关键词： amphibious robot optimization method free-form deformation CFD-based hydrodynamic calculation

Atomically Dispersed Ruthenium Catalysts with Open Hollow Structure for Lithium-Oxygen Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 154-164页

作者： Xin chen yu {2. Chang chen Huinan Li yuran Lin Ke yu Caiyun Nan chen chen Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute of Solid State ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Institution College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875People’s Republic of China

Lithium–oxygen battery with ultrahigh theoretical energy density is considered a highly competitive next-generation energy storage device,but its practical application is severely hindered by issues such as difficult decomposition of discharge products at ***,we have developed N-doped carbon anchored atomically dispersed Ru sites cathode catalyst with open hollow structure(h-RuNC)for Lithium–oxygen *** one hand,the abundance of atomically dispersed Ru sites can effectively catalyze the formation and decomposition of discharge products,thereby greatly enhancing the redox *** the other hand,the open hollow structure not only enhances the mass activity of atomically dispersed Ru sites but also improves the diffusion efficiency of catalytic ***,the excellent activity from atomically dispersed Ru sites and the enhanced diffusion from open hollow structure respectively improve the redox kinetics and cycling stability,ultimately achieving a high-performance lithium–oxygen battery.

关键词： Atomically dispersed Open hollow structure Discharge product Lithium Oxygen battery

QoS Routing Optimization Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning in SDN

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3007-3021页

作者： yu Song Xusheng Qian Nan zhang Wei Wang Ao {2. State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China Marketing Service Center State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.Ltd.Nanjing220000China Customer Service Center State Grid Co.Ltd.Nanjing211161China

To enhance the efficiency and expediency of issuing e-licenses within the power sector, we must confront thechallenge of managing the surging demand for data traffic. Within this realm, the network imposes stringentQuality of Service (QoS) requirements, revealing the inadequacies of traditional routing allocation mechanismsin accommodating such extensive data flows. In response to the imperative of handling a substantial influx of datarequests promptly and alleviating the constraints of existing technologies and network congestion, we present anarchitecture forQoS routing optimizationwith in SoftwareDefinedNetwork (SDN), leveraging deep reinforcementlearning. This innovative approach entails the separation of SDN control and transmission functionalities, centralizingcontrol over data forwardingwhile integrating deep reinforcement learning for informed routing decisions. Byfactoring in considerations such as delay, bandwidth, jitter rate, and packet loss rate, we design a reward function toguide theDeepDeterministic PolicyGradient (DDPG) algorithmin learning the optimal routing strategy to furnishsuperior QoS provision. In our empirical investigations, we juxtapose the performance of Deep ReinforcementLearning (DRL) against that of Shortest Path (SP) algorithms in terms of data packet transmission delay. Theexperimental simulation results show that our proposed algorithm has significant efficacy in reducing networkdelay and improving the overall transmission efficiency, which is superior to the traditional methods.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning SDN route optimization QoS