检索条件"作者=ZHANG Yi,GAO Yong,XUE LuLu,SHEN Si & CHEN KaiChen Institute of remote sensing and Geographic Information System,Peking University,beijing 100871,{3."
As background knowledge of geographicinformation retrieval (GIR),the gazetteers have their limitations. In this paper we propose to develop and implement a com-mon sense geographic knowledge base (CSGKB) instead of t...
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As background knowledge of geographic information retrieval (GIR),the gazetteers have their limitations. In this paper we propose to develop and implement a com-mon sense geographic knowledge base (CSGKB) instead of the gazetteers. We define that CSGKB is concerned with the representation of geographic knowledge in human brain and the simulation of geographic reasoning in daily life. Traditional geographic information system (GIS) is based on the model of map with its data based on geographic coordinates and its computation based on geometry. However,CSGKB,which is made up of geographic features and relationships and is based on qualitative spatio-temporal reasoning,can be viewed as the direct model of geographic world. This paper also discusses the characters of CSGKB and pre-sents its structure which is composed of knowledge base,inference engine,geo-graphic ontology and learner. The applications using CSGKB include geographic information retrieval (GIR),natural language processing (NLP),named entity rec-ognition (NER),Semantic Web,etc. At present,our work focuses on the design of geographic ontology and the implementation of the CSGKB knowledge base. In this paper we describe the CSGKB ontology structure,top ontology,geographic loca-tion ontology,spatial relationship ontology,and domain ontologies. Finally,we in-troduce the current state of implementation of CSGKB and give an outlook on our future researches.
Land use reflects human activities on *** land use is the highest level human alteration on Earth,and it is rapidly changing due to population increase and *** areas have widespread effects on local hydrology,climate,...
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Land use reflects human activities on *** land use is the highest level human alteration on Earth,and it is rapidly changing due to population increase and *** areas have widespread effects on local hydrology,climate,biodiversity,and food production[1,2].However,maps,that contain knowledge on the distribution,pattern and composition of various land use types in urban areas,are limited to city *** mapping standard on data sources,methods,land use classification schemes varies from city to city,due to differences in financial input and skills of mapping *** address various national and global environmental challenges caused by urbanization,it is important to have urban land uses at the national and global scales that are derived from the same or consistent data sources with the same or compatible classification systems and mapping *** is because,only with urban land use maps produced with similar criteria,consistent environmental policies can be made,and action efforts can be compared and assessed for large scale environmental ***,despite of the fact that a number of urban-extent maps exist at global scales[3.4],more detailed urban land use maps do not exist at the same *** at big country or regional levels such as for the United States,China and European Union,consistent land use mapping efforts are rare[5,6](e.g.,https://***/open_land_use/).
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