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燃烧源氨排放对灰霾期间北京大气铵的重要贡献

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Science Bulletin 2024年第7期69卷 978-987页

作者：吴礼彬王芃张强任红 Zongbo Shi 胡伟陈静谢巧蓉李林杰越思瑶韦莲芳宋琳琳张永根王子涵陈爽韦琬王小曼章炎麟孔少飞葛宝珠杨婷方运霆任露洁邓君俊孙业乐王自发张宏亮胡建林刘丛强 Roy M.Harrison Qi Ying 傅平青 Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Air Environmental Modeling and Pollution Controlling Key Laboratory of Sichuan Higher Education Institute Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Division of Environmental Health&Risk Management School of GeographyEarth&Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110164China Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment ChangeNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Environmental Studies and Department of Environmental Science and TechnologySchool of Environmental StudiesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution ControlNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Environmental Sciences/Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Zachr

Aerosol ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)),mainly produced from the reactions of ammonia(NH_(3))with acids in the atmosphere,has significant impacts on air pollution,radiative forcing,and human *** the source and formation mechanism of NH_(4)^(+)can provide scientific insights into air quality ***,the sources of NH_(3)in urban areas are not well understood,and few studies focus on NH_(3)/NH_(4)^(+)at different heights within the atmospheric boundary layer,which hinders a comprehensive understanding of aerosol NH_(4)^(+).In this study,we perform both field observation and modeling studies(the Community Multiscale Air Quality,CMAQ)to investigate regional NH_(3)emission sources and vertically resolved NH_(4)^(+)formation mechanisms during the winter in *** stable nitrogen isotope analyses and CMAQ model suggest that combustion-related NH_(3)emissions,including fossil fuel sources,NH_(3)slip,and biomass burning,are important sources of aerosol NH_(4)^(+)with more than 60%contribution occurring on heavily polluted *** contrast,volatilization-related NH_(3)sources(livestock breeding,N-fertilizer application,and human waste)are dominant on clean ***-related NH_(3)is mostly local from Beijing,and biomass burning is likely an important NH_(3)source(~15%–20%)that was previously *** effective control strategies such as the two-product(e.g.,reducing both SO_(2)and NH_(3))control policy should be considered to improve air quality.

关键词： Particulate ammonium Nitrogen isotope PM2.5 The Community Multiscale Air Quality(CMAQ) Control policy

“秩边透水道”针法治疗肾虚型早发性卵巢功能不全临床研究

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陕西中医 2024年第2期45卷 260-263页

作者：盛强王晓颖张艳林张超凤陈晓燕曹玉霞闫敏冀来喜王海军山西省针灸医院山西太原030006 天津中医药大学天津301617 北京市丰台区方庄社区卫生服务中心北京100078 山西中医药大学山西晋中030619

目的:观察“秩边透水道”针法治疗肾虚型早发性卵巢功能不全(POI)的临床疗效。方法:将62例POI患者随机分成观察组和对照组,每组31例。观察组用“秩边透水道”针法,配伍太溪、命门,隔日针刺1次,每次留针30 min,对照组采用雌孕激素序贯疗... 详细信息

目的:观察“秩边透水道”针法治疗肾虚型早发性卵巢功能不全(POI)的临床疗效。方法:将62例POI患者随机分成观察组和对照组,每组31例。观察组用“秩边透水道”针法,配伍太溪、命门,隔日针刺1次,每次留针30 min,对照组采用雌孕激素序贯疗法(HRT),两组均以4周为1个疗程,治疗3个疗程,记录并比较治疗前后两组患者的中医症候积分、血清中促卵泡生成素(FSH)、雌二醇(E2)水平的变化,并对两种疗法的安全性进行评价。结果:与治疗前比较,治疗后两组患者的中医症候积分均降低(P0.05);观察组总有效率为90.32%,高于对照组的65.52%(P<0.05),观察组不良事件发生率为3.23%,低于对照组的24.14%(P<0.05)。结论:“秩边透水道”针法能够有效治疗POI,而且在改善肾虚型临床症状和安全性方面较对照组更具有优势。

关键词：早发性卵巢功能不全 “秩边透水道”针法卵巢早衰肾虚型雌孕激素序贯疗法太溪

Unveiling the surface-interface properties of perovskite crystals and pivotal regulation strategies

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3950-3981页

作者： Qin Li Ziyu Wang Junjie Ma Mengqi Han Peng Gao Meng Cai Yiqiang zhang yanlin Song Shou Peng Henan Institute of Advanced Technology College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Key Laboratory of Green Printing Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences(ICCAS)Beijing 100190China China National Building Material Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100036China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Float Glass Beijing 100036China

Metal-halide perovskite solar cells have garnered significant research attention in the last decade due to their exceptional photovoltaic performance and potential for *** achieving remarkable power conversion efficiency of up to 26.1%,a substantial discrepancy persists when compared to the theoretical Shockley-Queisser(SQ)*** of the most serious challenges facing perovskite solar cells is the energy loss incurred during photovoltaic conversion,which affects the SQ limits and stability of the *** significant than the energy loss occurring in the bulk phase of the perovskite is the energy loss occurring at the ***,we provide a systematic overview of the physical and chemical properties of the ***,we delve into the underlying mechanism causing the energy deficit and structural degradation at the surface-interface,aiming to enhance the understanding of carrier transport processes and structural chemical ***,we systematically summarized the primary modulating pathways,including surface reconstruction,dimensional construction,and electric-field ***,we propose directions for future research to advance the efficiency of perovskite solar cells towards the radiative limit and their widespread commercial application.

关键词： perovskite solar cells surface-interface treatment defect modification dimensional design energy regulation heterojunction and homojunction

Seasonal variation and sources of low molecular weight organic acids in precipitation in the rural area of Anshun

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第10期56卷 1005-1010页

作者： zhang yanlin LEE XinQing CAO Fang HUANG DaiKuan State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China

Low molecular weight (LMW) organic acids are important and ubiquitous chemical constituents in the atmosphere.A comprehensive study of the chemical composition of precipitation was carried out from June 2007 to June 2008 at a rural site in Anshun,in the west of Guizhou Province,*** this period,118 rainwater samples were collected and the main LMW carboxylic acids were determined using ion *** average pH of rainwater was 4.89 which is a typical acidic *** most abundant carboxylic acids were formic acid (volume weight mean concentration:8.77 μmol L-1) and acetic acid (6.90 μmol L-1),followed by oxalic acid (2.05 μmol L-1).The seasonal variation of concentrations and wet deposition fluxes of organic acids indicated that direct vegetation emissions were the main sources of the organic *** concentrations were observed in winter and were ascribed to the low winter rainfall and the contribution of other air pollution sources northeast of the study *** ratio of formic and acetic acids in the precipitation ([F/A] T) was proposed as an indicator of pollution *** suggested that the pollution resulted from direct emissions from natural or anthropogenic *** with acid precipitation in other urban and rural areas in Guizhou showed that there was a decreasing contribution of LMW organic acids to free acidity and all anions in rainwater from urban to remote rural ***,it is necessary to control emissions of organic acids to reduce the frequency of acid rain,especially in rural and remote areas.

关键词：低分子量有机酸农村地区季节变化降水安顺平均浓度化学成分污染来源

Advances in Intermediates for the Solution-Processing of Perovskite Films

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第3期6卷 585-603页

作者： Ziqiu Ren Binyang Tuo Na Wang Junjie Ma Pengwei Li Yiqiang zhang yanlin Song Henan Institute of Advanced Technology College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052 Key Laboratory of Green Printing Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences(ICCAS)Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing TechnologyNational Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)Beijing 100190

Owing to its superior efficiency and low cost,the solution-processable perovskite has rapidly become the latest favorite material in the field of *** solution processing significantly reduces the threshold and cost of perovskite solar cells,the intricate composition and nonequilibrium nucleation of the perovskite precursor can result in leaky *** precise control of perovskite nucleation and orientation is a fundamental prerequisite for achieving high-quality perovskite photoactive *** this process,the intermediate species that widely exists either in the precursor or the asprepared film acts as a transitional state for perovskite nucleation and growth from solution to solid,presenting an opportunity for controlling perovskite ***,we present an overview of the advancements in intermediates for solution-processing perovskite films to gain insights into the growth and manipulation of polycrystalline perovskite films.

关键词： perovskite solar cells intermediates solvent engineering phase transformation nucleation and growth

δ^(15)N-stable isotope analysis of NH_(x): An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source apportionment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第6期15卷 175-185页

作者： Noshan Bhattarai Shuxiao Wang Yuepeng Pan Qingcheng Xu yanlin zhang Yunhua Chang Yunting Fang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

Agricultural sources and non-agricultural emissions contribute to gaseous ammonia(NH_(3))that plays a vital role in severe haze *** and quantitative contributions of these sources to ambient PM_(2.5)(particulate matter with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter below 2.5µm)concentrations remains *** nitrogen isotopic composition(δ^(15)N)of NH_(3)and NH_(4)+(δ^(15)N(NH_(3))andδ^(15)N(NH_(4)+),respectively)can yield valuable information about its sources and associated *** review provides an overview of the recent progress in analytical techniques forδ^(15)N(NH_(3))andδ^(15)N(NH_(4)+)measurement,sampling of atmospheric NH_(3)and NH_(4)+in the ambient air and their sources signature(e.g.,agricultural *** fuel),and isotope-based source apportionment of NH_(3)in urban *** study highlights that collecting sample that are fully representative of emission sources remains a challenge in fingerprintingδ^(15)N(NH_(3))values of NH_(3)emission ***,isotopic fractionation during NH_(3)gas-to-particle conversion under varying ambient field conditions(e.g.,relative humidity,particle pH,temperature)remains unclear,which indicates more field and laboratory studies to validate theoretically predicted isotopic fractionation are ***,this study concludes that lack of refinedδ^(15)N(NH_(3))fingerprints and full understanding of isotopic fractionation during aerosol formation in a laboratory and field conditions is a limitation for isotope-based source apportionment of NH_(3).More experimental work(in chamber studies)and theoretical estimations in combinations of field verification are necessary in characterizing isotopic fractionation under various environmental and atmospheric neutralization conditions,which would help to better interpret isotopic data and our understanding on NH_(x)(NH_(3)+NH_(4)+)dynamics in the atmosphere.

关键词： Aerosol ammonium Atmospheric gaseous ammonia Isotope fingerprinting Isotope-based source apportionment Ammonia gas-to-particle conversion

Development and test of hydraulic driven remote transporter

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2021年第2期14卷 72-80页

作者： Jiaxue Li Shanjun Li yanlin zhang Mingdi Liu Zhiyuan Gao College of Engineering Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Guangdong Polytechnic college Zhaoqing 526000GuangdongChina China Agriculture(Citrus)Research System Wuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhan 430070China Citrus Mechanization Research Base Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhan 430070China National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation Wuhan 430070China

To solve the problems of the traditional orchard conveyor,such as inflexible steering,a complex structure,poor stability and no power grid coverage,a remote-controlled rail conveyor powered by hydraulic pressure for mountainous orchards was designed and *** stress analysis was carried out on a full-load trailer to obtain the maximum traction force,which met the requirement of the climbing slope of the transport *** key components of the conveyor were developed,such as the hydraulic transmission,the control system,safety protection devices,limiting devices,the throttle and decompression actuator,the counterweight tension and the *** the theoretical calculations of key components,an orchard conveyor powered by diesel and hydraulic pressure was ***,the working performance of the transporter was tested through functionality,driving speed,system pressure and remote-controlled *** test results showed that the climbing angle of the transporter can reach 50°,the uphill load can reach 840 kg,the downhill load can reach 1100 kg,and the average running speed is 0.77 m/s;the driving speed ranges from 0.29 m/s to 1.08 m/s,and the system pressure ranges from 3.2 MPa to 10 *** driving speed and system pressure are significantly affected by the load,and the remote control distance can reach 455 *** technical specifications of the transporter meet all the design requirements,and the problem of stable operation of the transporter without power grid coverage has been *** research results can well meet the practical application requirements of mountain orchard transportation without power grid coverage and provide theoretical reference for the design of key components of mountain orchard transportation machinery.

关键词： mountain orchard conveyor hydraulic drive remote control

A coupled catalyst composed of CoFe_(2)O_(4) magnetic nanoparticle and[HMIM]Br-FeCl_(3) to intensify the oxidative desulfurization of FCC diesel

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Green Chemical Engineering 2021年第4期2卷 441-449页

作者： yanlin zhang Xinyu zhang Guangren Yu Xiaochun Chen Ahmed A.Abdeltawab Hany El-Hamshary Beijing Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Technology&College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Ionic liquids have been extensively studied as solvents or catalysts for oxidative desulfurization(ODS)of diesel fuel,but it is still a challenge to reduce the desulfurization time and *** this work,a new highly efficient desulfurization system composed of CoFe_(2)O_(4) magnetic nanoparticle,[HMIM]Br-FeCl_(3) and H_(2)O_(2) was developed for the ODS of FCC diesel *** desulfurization performances were investigated including desulfurization time,temperature,volume ratio of IL/oil,O/S molar ratio,dosage of CoFe_(2)O_(4),FeCl_(3) content in ILs,regeneration,and reuse of catalyst and *** to the coupled catalytic roles of CoFe_(2)O_(4) magnetic nanoparticle and[HMIM]Br-FeCl_(3),where Co2t and Fe3t interact with H_(2)O_(2) to produce ·OH radical that converts S-compounds into sulfone and sulfoxide compounds,such a desulfurization system is highly effective in removing S-compound in diesel *** S-content in FCC diesel fuel was reduced from the original 272.8 ppm to 0.5 ppm with 99.82%S-removal efficiency after one step within 8 minunder the optimal conditions of 25℃,8 min,V(IL/oil)=1:10,O/S=20,5 wt%CoFe_(2)O_(4) dosage and n([HMIM]Br)/n(FeCl_(3))=1:1;the desulfurization performance is much better in desulfurization time and steps than other desulfurization systems reported *** desulfurization system can be regenerated and reused without remarkable loss of desulfurization activity.A desulfurization mechanism was proposed.

关键词： CoFe_(2)O_(4)magnetic nanoparticle Ferric chloride ionic liquids Oxidative desulfurization

Initial residual stress experiment and simulation of thin-walled parts for layer removal method

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High Technology Letters 2018年第1期24卷 75-81页

作者：刘宇男 Wang Min Zan Tao Gao Xiangsheng zhang yanlin Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology College of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Electronics Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 P. R. China Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrical Discharge Machining Technology Beiiing 100191 P. R. China Beijing Xinli Machinery Co. Ltd. Beijing 100039 P. R. China

Thin-walled parts have low stiffness characteristic. Initial residual stress of thin-walled blanks is an important influence factor on machining stability. The present work is to verify the feasibility of an initial residual stress measurement of layer removal method. According to initial residual stress experiment for casting ZL205 A aluminum alloy tapered thin-walled blank by a common method,namely hole-drilling method,three finite element models with initial residual stress are established to simulate the layer removal method in ABAQUS and ANSYS software. By analyzing the results of simulation and experiments,the cutting residual stress inlayer removal process has a significant effect on measurement results. Reducing cutting residual stress is helpful to improve accuracy of layer removal method.

关键词： initial residual stress thin-walled parts layer.removal method finite element