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Male Parent Plays More Important Role in Heat Tolerance in Three-Line Hybrid Rice

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Rice science 2015年第3期22卷 116-122页

作者： fu Guan-fu zhang Cai-xia YANG Yong-jie XIONG Jie YANG Xue-qin zhang xiu-fu JIN Qian-yu TAO Long-xing National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute Zhejiang Science &Technology University

Ten F1 combinations with their male and female parents were employed to evaluate their heat tolerance during the flowering and early grain filling stages. The rice plants were subjected to heat stress（39 °C–43 °C） for 1–15 d during flowering. Based on the heat stress index, heat tolerance was only observed in the F1 combinations H2（K22A × R207）, H3（Bobai A × R207） and H4（Bobai A × Minghui 63）, whereas the others received above 0.5000 of heat stress index. Both parents of the tolerant combination（heat-tolerant × heat-tolerant） possessed heat tolerance, whereas the susceptible combinations were crossed by heat-tolerant（sterile lines） × heat-susceptible（restorer lines）, heat-susceptible × heat-tolerant, or heat-susceptible × heat-susceptible parents. This result indicated that heat tolerance in rice was controlled by recessive genes. Thus, both parents should possess high temperature tolerance to develop heat-tolerant F1 combinations. furthermore, the heat stress index of F1 combinations was significantly correlated with the heat stress index of restorer lines but not with the heat stress index of maintainer lines. This result suggested that male parents play a more important role in heat-tolerant combinations than female parents. Therefore, the heat susceptibility of the hybrid rice in China is mainly due to the wide application of low-heat-tolerant restorer lines with high yield in three-line hybrid rice breeding.

关键词： hybrid rice genetic correlation analysis heat stress heat tolerance

Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Accumulation in Different Chlorophyll-Deficient Rice Lines

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第3期11卷 397-404页

作者： WANG Dan-ying XU Chun-mei CHEN Song TIAO Long-xing zhang xiu-fu China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006P.R.China

Three different chlorophyll-deficient rice isogenic lines chl,fgl and pgl,and their recurrent parent zhefu802 （zf802） were used to study effects of leaf color on photosynthesis,dry matter accumulation,yield,and quality in early season indica *** showed that the chlorophyll （Chl.） a/b ratio of isogenic lines chl-8,pgl and fgl was 5.35,10.00 and 15.46,respectively,among them,line fgl had higher leaf area index （LAI）,higher net photosynthetic rate and higher grain-filling rate than its recurrent parent zf802 at the later period of grain filling stage;while LAI,net photosynthetic rate and dry matter accumulated in lines chl-8 and pgl were lower than in *** were found in the grain yield and quality among chlorophyll deficient isogenic lines,lines fgl,chl-8 and zf802 had similar grain yield,which was significantly higher than that of pgl;the highest milling quality was observed in isogenic line fgl,with relatively high protein *** study showed that isogenic line fgl would become a unique material for the development of high yield rice with high grain quality because of its slow aging process and relative steady grain-filling rate.

关键词： rice photosynthesis dry matter accumulation chlorophyll-deficient isogenic lines

Geographic variation in the yield formation of single-season high-yielding hybrid rice in southern China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第2期20卷 438-449页

作者： WANG Dan-ying LI Xu-yi YE Chang XU Chun-mei CHEN Song CHU Guang zhang Yun-bo zhang xiu-fu State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006P.R.China Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066P.R.China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025P.R.China

Environmental conditions greatly affect the growth of rice. To investigate the geographic differences in yield formation of single-season high-yielding hybrid rice in southern China, experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 in the upper and middle–lower reaches of the Yangtze River with 10–30 main locally planted high-yielding hybrid cultivars used as materials. Compared with rice planted in the middle–lower reaches of the Yangtze River, rice planted in the upper reaches has a longer tillering duration, higher accumulated temperature(≥10℃) during tillering period, but lower accumulated temperature and solar radiation from initial booting to maturity. Yield traits comparison between the upper and the middle–lower reaches of Yangtze River showed that the former had 48.1% more panicles per unit area while the latter had 46.4% more grains per panicle;the rice yield in the former was positively correlated with the seed setting rate and the dry matter accumulation before heading, while the latter was positively correlated with grains per panicle and dry matter accumulation from booting to maturity. Comparison of the same variety Tianyouhuazhan planted in different regions showed there was a significant positive correlation between panicle number and the duration of and accumulated temperature during the tillering period(r=0.982^(**), r=0.993^(**), respectively), and between grains per panicle and accumulated solar radiation during booting period(r=0.952~*). In the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, more than 90% of cultivars with an yield of greater than 11 t ha^(–1) had an effective panicle number of 250–340 m^(–2), and there was a significant negative correlation between seed setting rate and grains per panicle;therefore, the high-yielding rice production in these regions with a long effective tillering period(>40 d) should choose varieties with moderate grains per panicle, adopt crop managements such as good fertilizer and water measures during vegetative growth pe

关键词： single-season hybrid rice geographic variation yield climatic factor southern China

Changes in the activities of key enzymes and the abundance of functional genes involved in nitrogen transformation in rice rhizosphere soil under different aerated conditions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第3期22卷 923-934页

作者： XU Chun-mei XIAO De-shun CHEN Song CHU Guang LIU Yuan-hui zhang xiu-fu WANG Dan-ying The State Key Laboratoty of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006P.R.China

Soil microorganisms play important roles in nitrogen transformation. The aim of this study was to characterize changes in the activity of nitrogen transformation enzymes and the abundance of nitrogen function genes in rhizosphere soil aerated using three different methods(continuous flooding(CF), continuous flooding and aeration(CFA), and alternate wetting and drying(AWD)). The abundances of amoA ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB), nirS, nirK, and nifH genes, and the activities of urease, protease, ammonia oxidase, nitrate reductase, and nitrite reductase were measured at the tillering(S1), heading(S2), and ripening(S3) stages. We analyzed the relationships of the aforementioned microbial activity indices, in addition to soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC) and soil microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN), with the concentration of soil nitrate and ammonium nitrogen. The abundance of nitrogen function genes and the activities of nitrogen invertase in rice rhizosphere soil were higher at S2 compared with S1 and S3 in all treatments. AWD and CFA increased the abundance of amoA and nifH genes, and the activities of urease, protease, and ammonia oxidase, and decreased the abundance of nirS and nirK genes and the activities of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase, with the effect of AWD being particularly strong. During the entire growth period, the mean abundances of the AOA amoA, AOB amoA, and nifH genes were 2.9, 5.8, and 3.0 higher in the AWD treatment than in the CF treatment, respectively, and the activities of urease, protease, and ammonia oxidase were 1.1, 0.5, and 0.7 higher in the AWD treatment than in the CF treatment, respectively. The abundances of the nirS and nirK genes, and the activities of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase were 73.6, 84.8, 10.3 and 36.5% lower in the AWD treatment than in the CF treatment, respectively. The abundances of the AOA amoA, AOB amoA, and nifH genes were significantly and positively correlated wi

关键词： rhizosphere aeration gene abundance enzyme activities soil microbial biomass carbon soil microbial nitrogen

Thermal Resistance of Common Rice Maintainer and Restorer Lines to High Temperature During Flowering and Early Grain Filling Stages

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Rice science 2012年第4期19卷 309-314页

作者： fu Guan-fu SONG Jian XIONG Jie LIAO Xi-yuan zhang xiu-fu WANG Xi LE Ming-kai TAO Long-xing National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute

Fifteen common rice maintainer lines and 26 high-yielding restorer lines were used to evaluate their thermal resistance and fertility during flowering and early grain filling stages. The rice plants were subjected to high temperature stress （39-43 ℃） for 1-15 d from main stem flowering. Based on the heat stress index, they were divided into thermal resistant lines, semi-thermal resistant lines, semi-thermal sensitive lines and thermal sensitive lines. Therefore, the maintainer lines K22B, Bobai B and V20B belonged to thermal resistant lines, whereas 11-32B, Zhongzhe B and Zhong 9B belonged to thermal sensitive lines. For rice restorer lines, Minghui 63 had the highest thermal resistance, followed by R207, P32, P929, and the lowest thermal resistant lines P62-2-2, R8006 and P51. The correlation analysis indicated that the heat stress index was significantly correlated with seed-setting rate and abortive grain rate under heat stress, but not under natural conditions. This indicated that heat stress occurred during flowering and early grain filling stages mainly decreased the seed- setting rate and significantly increased the abortive grain rate in both rice maintainer and restorer lines.

关键词： rice maintainer line restorer line heat stress fertility thermal resistance

Effects of Aeration on Root Physiology and Nitrogen Metabolism in Rice

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Rice science 2013年第2期20卷 148-153页

作者： XU Chun-mei WANG Dan-ying CHEN Song CHEN Li-ping zhang xiu-fu State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute

In order to clarify the effects of aeration on root nitrogen metabolism in rice seedlings,rice cultivars Guodao 6 （indica） and xiushui 09 （japonica） were investigated for root growth,the activities of glutamine synthetase （GS）,glutamic acid-pyruvic acid transaminase （GPT） and glutamic acid oxaloacetate transaminase （GOT）,the nitrate （NO 3-N） concertration,the contents of free amino acids and soluble sugar in root under hydroponics with continuous aeration *** results showed that rice seedlings grown in oxygenation solutions had higher root dry matter,longer root length,stronger root activity and larger root absorption area compared with the *** addition,the contents of soluble sugar,root vigor and the activities of GS,GOT and GPT in the aeration solutions were higher than those in the *** results also indicated that the activities of enzymes involved in root nitrogen metabolism of xiushui 09 were enhanced by aeration,however,there was no significant influence on root nitrogen metabolism of Guodao 6,which suggested that effect of oxygenation on rice root nitrogen metabolism might be genotype-specific.

关键词： rice aeration root physiology nitrogen metabolism

Effects of Rhizosphere Dissolved Oxygen Content and Nitrogen Form on Root Traits and Nitrogen Accumulation in Rice

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Rice science 2011年第4期18卷 304-310页

作者： ZHAO Feng XU Chun-mei zhang Wei-jian zhang xiu-fu LI Feng-bo CHEN Jian-ping WANG Dan-ying China Nationa l Rice Resea rch Institute Hangzhou 310006China Institute of Applied Ecology Nanjing Agricultura l Univer sityNanjing 210095China Institute of Food Crops Hubei Academy of Agricultura l SciencesWuhan 430064China

Dissolved oxygen and nitrogen form have important effects on rice root growth and nitrogen *** indica hybrid rice,Guodao 1,and a conventional japonica rice,xiushui 09,were cultured in hypoxic nutrient solution with NH4NO3 or(NH4)2SO4 as the nitrogen source for six weeks in pools.A portion of the Guodao 1 seedlings after treatment in the pools for four weeks were transferred to a split-root system at different dissolved oxygen contents and cultured for an additional two ***,root morphological traits and nitrogen accumulation were *** the low rhizosphere dissolved oxygen content(0-1.0 mg/L),plant biomass was significantly increased under NH4NO3-N supply by about 69% in Guodao 1 and 41% in xiushui 09 compared with those under NH4+-N *** results were observed for root number,maximum root length,root dry weight and root *** accumulations in roots and shoots were increased by 60% and 52% for Guodao 1,and by 41% and 33% for xiushui 09,respectively,in the NH4NO3-N *** the split-root system,the high rhizosphere dissolved oxygen content(8.0-9.0 mg/L) promoted root growth and *** biomass was increased by 21.6%,root number by 27%,maximum root length by 14%,and root volume by 10%.Moreover,nitrogen accumulation in roots was increased by 11% under high rhizosphere oxygen *** conclusion,enhanced dissolved oxygen content and combined ammonium-nitrate nitrogen source have positive effects on root growth and nitrogen accumulation of rice plants.

关键词： nitrogen form dissolved oxygen rice root nitrogen accumulation

Separation of the ionospheric and thermospheric contributions in the data from the Triple Ionosophere Photo Meter onboard the Feng-Yun 3E satellite

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 172-184页

作者： Fang JIANG Tian MAO Jin-Song WANG xiu-Qing HU Xiao-Xin zhang Liping fu Nan JIA Tianfang WANG National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration Key Laboratory of Environmental Space Situation Awareness Technology National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration

The Triple Ionosphere Photo Meter （TRIPM） is a far ultraviolet nadir-view photometer that is onboard the secondgeneration,polar-orbiting Chinese meteorological satellite Feng-Yun 3E （FY-3E）,which was launched on July 5,*** has three channels,and each is used to measure different types of emissions:（1） 135.6 nm airglow produced by the recombination of the O+ions and electrons in the absence of sunlight （nighttime channel）;（2） 135.6 nm airglow from the OI when sunlight is present （daytime/dusk-dawn 135.6 nm channel）;and （3） Airglow in the N2LBH of the TRIPM （daytime/dusk-dawn N2LBH channel）.FY-3E is a satellite operating in the early morning ***,the data are mostly distributed on the dawndusk side or at times when the solar zenith angle is relatively *** this study,combined with simulation calculations,the data are *** further explore the application value of the data products,a model is used to separate the ionospheric radiative recombination contribution from the thermosphere photoelectron impact excitation contribution in the data from the daytime/dusk-dawn 135.6 nm *** approach not only improves the accuracy of O/N2derived from the 135.6 nm channel and N2LBH channel but also provides the ionospheric 135.6 nm radiance at the same time as the *** results show that the 135.6 nm radiance originating from the combination of O+and electrons extracted from the measurement data exhibits similar equatorial anomaly peak structure characteristics and seasonal variations as the corresponding GPS total electron content （TEC） *** the other hand,the separated 135.6 nm radiance generated from the thermosphere photoelectron collision excitation does not contain radiative recombination contributions;thus,the ionosphere influence is greatly avoided when the O/N2is obtained.

关键词： Far ultraviolet 135.6 nm emission intensity Photoelectron impact excitation Radiative recombination excitation

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广义扭Schrdinger-Virasoro代数的自同构群

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2010年第4期49卷 445-448页

作者：张秀福厦门大学数学科学学院福建厦门361005 徐州师范大学

给出了广义扭Schrdinger-Virasoro代数的定义,它是Schrdinger-Virasoro代数的一个变形.设F是特征为零的代数闭域,F的任意加法子群G都对应一个F上的广义扭Schrdinger-Virasoro代数[G].首先研究了[G]和[G′]同构的充要条件,然后重... 详细信息

给出了广义扭Schrdinger-Virasoro代数的定义,它是Schrdinger-Virasoro代数的一个变形.设F是特征为零的代数闭域,F的任意加法子群G都对应一个F上的广义扭Schrdinger-Virasoro代数[G].首先研究了[G]和[G′]同构的充要条件,然后重点研究了[G]的自同构群,构造了[G]的3个具体的自同构子群,发现[G]的自同构群就是这3个自同构子群以及内自同构群的半直积.

关键词：扭Schrdinger-Virasoro代数同构自同构群