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Long-term straw return influenced ammonium ion retention at the soil aggregate scale in an Anthrosol with rice-wheat rotations in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第2期21卷 521-531页

作者： zhang wen-zhao CHEN Xiao-qin WANG Huo-yan WEI wen-xue ZHOU Jian-min Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region and Taoyuan Station of Agro-Ecology Research Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008P.R.China

Soil aggregates are an important controlling factor for the physico-chemical and biological processes such as ammonium(NH;) retention. Straw return to the field is increasingly recommended to promote soil carbon(C) sequestration and improve crop yields. However, the effects of straw return on NH;retention at soil aggregate level in agricultural soils have seldom been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the influences of long-term straw return on NH;adsorption and fixation in microaggregates(<0.25 mm) with or without soil organic carbon(SOC) oxidization. Soil samples were collected from plots of three treatments, i.e., no fertilizer(CK), inorganic NPK fertilizers(NPK), and inorganic NPK fertilizers with rice straw return(NPKS), from a 20-year-old field trial with rice-wheat rotations in Taihu Lake Region, China. Soil aggregates were separated using wet-sieving method. The SOC of microaggregates was oxidized by H;O;. The results showed that longterm straw return significantly increased SOC and NH;adsorption, but inhibited NH;fixation in microaggregates. NH;adsorption potential and strength-obtained from adsorption isotherms-increased, but NH;fixation decreased along with increasing SOC in microaggregates, indicating the important role of SOC in NH;adsorption and fixation. This was verified by the SOC oxidization test that showed a relative decrease in NH;adsorption potential for the NPKS treatment and an increase in NH;fixation in all three treatments. Therefore, long-term straw return influences NH;adsorption and fixation by enhancing SOC content and could improve N availability for crop uptake and minimize applied N fertilizer losses in rice-wheat cropping systems.

关键词： soil organic carbon microaggregates NH4+ adsorption fixation

Reversible isomerization of donor-acceptor Stenhouse adduct derivatives in water through dendritic confinement

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1636-1646页

作者： Jiaxing zhang Qingyun zhao Xinyan Su Afang zhang wen Li International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic and Smart Polymers School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Modulating reversible isomerization of hydrophobic dyes in aqueous solutions is greatly desired. Here we report on reversible isomerization of solvatochromic donor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts(DASAs) in water through the confinement from dendritic oligoethylene glycols(OEGs). Dendronization of DASAs with dendritic OEGs affords them characteristic thermoresponsiveness. These dendronized DASAs spontaneously isomerize in water from hydrophobic linear state into hydrophilic cyclic state at room temperature due to the strong hydration. However, hydrophobic microenvironment through thermally dehydration and collapse of the dendritic OEGs at elevated temperatures confines hydration of the DASA moieties and mediates their interactions with the collapsed hydrophobic OEG domains, affording their isomerization recovery in water efficiently from the hydrophilic cyclic state into the hydrophobic linear state. The confinement-mediated reversible isomerization of DASA moieties in water can be repeated through alternative photo-irradiation and thermal dehydrations, exhibiting excellent fatigue resistance.

关键词： dendrimers donor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts isomerization confinement thermoresponsiveness

Design study of charge-stripping scheme of heavy ion beams for HIAF-BRing

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 30-41页

作者： Jun-Jie zhang Zhi-You Xu Jin-Quan zhang wen-wen Ge Liang-Ting Sun Huan-Yu zhao Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Charge strippers play an essential role in heavy-ion accelerators by stripping the projectile ions to higher charge states to enhance the acceleration efficiency downstream of the *** the high-energy mode of the booster ring(BRing)of the high-intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility,the pre-accelerated ions from the iLinac will be stripped by a carbon foil to higher charge states and then injected into the *** key parameters of the stripper and stripped ions were calculated,and the influence of stripping on the beam quality was *** get high stripping efficiencies,the foil thicknesses and resultant charge state distributions for the typical ions were determined by the code *** equilibrium thickness was obtained for the U beam,while the stripper thicknesses for the Xe and Kr beams were determined based on a compromise between the stripped charge states and the stripping *** energy loss,energy straggling,and emittance growth due to stripping have a non-negligible impact on the transport of the stripped beams and the injection of the ***,these parameters were simulated by *** addition,the foil’s temperature evolution,which greatly affects the foil lifetime,was simulated by *** maximum temperature of the foil bombarded by the U and Xe beams with the nominal parameters will exceed the safe value in terms of the impact of evaporation on the foil’s *** the foil temperature constraint,the highest tolerable beam intensity and the injected ion number into the ring were derived for different beam *** results of this paper will present important reference data for the optimization design and commissioning of the beamline and injection to the BRing for the stripped ions.

关键词： High-intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility Charge stripper Energy spread Thermal analysis Emittance growth Injection turns

Synergy between CSST galaxy survey and gravitational-wave observation: Inferring the Hubble constant from dark standard sirens

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 7-19页

作者： Ji-Yu Song Ling-Feng Wang Yichao Li Ze-Wei zhao Jing-Fei zhang wen zhao Xin zhang Key Laboratory of Cosmology and Astrophysics(Liaoning)&College of Sciences Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China CAS Key Laboratory for Researches in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of AstronomyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry(Ministry of Education) Northeastern Universty Shenyang 110819China

Gravitational waves(GWs) from compact binary coalescences encode the absolute luminosity distances of GW sources. Once the redshifts of GW sources are known, one can use the distance-redshift relation to constrain cosmological parameters. One way to obtain the redshifts is to localize GW sources by GW observations and then use galaxy catalogs to determine redshifts from a statistical analysis of redshift information of the potential host galaxies, commonly referred to as the dark siren method. The third-generation(3G) GW detectors are planned to work in the 2030s and will observe numerous compact binary *** these GW events as dark sirens requires high-quality galaxy catalogs from future sky survey projects. The China Space Station Telescope(CSST) will be launched in 2024 and will observe billions of galaxies within a 17500 deg^(2) survey area with redshift up to z ~ 4, providing photometric and spectroscopic galaxy catalogs. In this work, we simulate the CSST galaxy catalogs and the 5-year GW data from the 3G GW detectors and combine them to infer the Hubble constant(H_(0)). Our results show that the measurement precision of H0could reach the sub-percent level, meeting the standard of precision cosmology. We conclude that the synergy between CSST and the 3G GW detectors is of great significance in measuring the Hubble constant.

关键词： CSST galaxy survey galaxy catalogs gravitational waves dark sirens the Hubble constant

BMSC-derived Exosomes Ameliorate Peritoneal Dialysis-associated Peritoneal Fibrosis via the Mir-27a-3p/TP53 Pathway

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Current Medical Science 2024年第2期44卷 333-345页

作者： Jun-li zhao Lin zhao Qiu-nan ZHAN Miao LIU Ting zhang wen-wen CHU Department of Nephrology Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu HospitalShanghai 201318China Orthopedic Department Guangming Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Pudong New AreaShanghai 201399China

Objective:Peritoneal fibrosis(PF)is the main cause of declining efficiency and ultrafiltration failure of the peritoneum,which restricts the long-term application of peritoneal dialysis(PD).This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes(BMSC-Exos)on PF in response to ***:Small RNA sequencing analysis of BMSC-Exos was performed by second-generation sequencing.C57BL/6J mice were infused with 4.25%glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluid(PDF)for 6 consecutive weeks to establish a PF model.A total of 36 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:control group,1.5%PDF group,2.5%PDF group,4.25%PDF group,BMSC-Exos treatment group,and BMSC-Exos+TP53 treatment *** transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)was performed to measure the expression level of miR-27a-3p in BMSC-Exos and peritoneum of mice treated with different concentrations of *** and Masson staining were performed to evaluate the extent of *** therapeutic potential of BMSC-Exos for PF was examined through pathological examination,RT-qPCR,Western blotting,and peritoneal function ***-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of HMrSV5 was induced with 4.25%*** were divided into control group,4.25%PDF group,BMSC-Exos treatment group,and BMSC-Exos+TP53 treatment *** Counting Kit-8 assay was used to measure cell viability,and transwell migration assay was used to verify the capacity of BMSC-Exos to inhibit EMT in HMrSV5 ***:Small RNA sequencing analysis showed that miR-27a-3p was highly expressed in BMSC-derived exosomes compared to *** RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of miR-27a-3p was upregulated in BMSC-Exos,but decreased in PD *** found that PF was glucose concentration-dependently enhanced in the peritoneum of the PD *** with the control mice,the PD mice showed high solute transport and decreased ultrafiltration volume as well as an obvious f

关键词： peritoneal fibrosis bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes miR-27a-3p TP53 epithelialmesenchymal transition

Wafer-level substrate-free YIG single crystal film for a broadband tunable terahertz isolator

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 505-513页

作者： XILAI zhang DAN zhao DING zhang QIANG XUE FEI FAN YULONG LIAO QINGHUI YANG QIYE wen School of Electronic Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology Institute of Modern OpticsNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaShenzhen 518110China

Yttrium iron garnet(YIG)is a promising material for various terahertz applications due to its special optical *** present,a high-quality YIG wafer is the desire of terahertz communities and it is still challenging to prepare substrate-free YIG single crystal *** this work,we prepared wafer-level substrate-free La:YIG single crystal films,for the first time,to our *** optical and magneto-optical properties of La:YIG films were characterized by terahertz time domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS).Results show that the as-prepared La:YIG film has an insertion loss of less than 3 dB and a low absorption coefficient of less than10 cm-1below 1.6 *** from the thickness of the substrate-free YIG films and low insertion loss,their terahertz properties could be further manipulated by simply using a wafer-stacking *** four La:YIG films were stacked,there was an insertion loss of less than 10 dB in the range of 0.1-1.2 *** Faraday rotation angle of the four-layer-stacked La:YIG films reached 19°,and the isolation could reach17 *** further increasing the stacking number to eight pieces,a remarkable Faraday rotation angle of45°was achieved with an isolation of 23 dB,which is important for practical application in the THz *** material may provide a milestone opportunity to make various non-reciprocal devices,such as isolators and phase shifters.

关键词： YIG film insertion

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derivedexosomes on VEGF-A in hypoxic-induced mice retinal astrocytes and mice model of retinopathy of prematurity

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1238-1247页

作者： Xiao-Tian zhang Bo-wen zhao Yuan-Long zhang Song Chen Tianjin Eye Hospital Tianjin 300020China Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Tianjin 300020China

AIM:To observe the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(hUCMSCs)secretions on the relevant factors in mouse retinal astrocytes,and to investigate the effect of hUCMSCs on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A(VEGF-A)and to observe the therapeutic effect on the mouse model of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP).METHODS:Cultured hUCMSCs and extracted exosomes from them and then retinal astrocytes were divided into control group and hypoxia *** assay,flow cytometry,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and Western blot were used to detect related *** mechanisms by which hUCMSCs exosomes affect VEGF-A expression in hypoxia-induced mouse retinal astrocytes were *** last,the efficacy of exosomes of UCMSCs in a mouse ROP model was ***6 was used to comprehensively process data ***:The secretion was successfully extracted from the culture supernatant of hUCMSCs by gradient *** oxygen species(ROS)and hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)of mice retinal astrocytes under different hypoxia time and the expression level of VEGF-A protein and VEGF-A mRNA increased,and the ROP cell model was established after 6h of *** secretions of medium and high concentrations of hUCMSCs can reduce ROS and HIF-1α,the expression levels of VEGF-A protein and VEGF-A mRNA are statistically significant and concentration *** with the ROP cell model group,the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signal pathway related factors in the hUCMSCs exocrine group is significantly *** intravitreal injection of the secretions of medium and high concentrations of hUCMSCs can reduce VEGF-A and HIF-1αin ROP model *** staining shows that the number of retinal neovascularization in ROP mice decreases with the increase of the dose of hUCMSCs ***:In a hypoxia induced

关键词： human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells retinal astrocytes retinopathy of prematurity vascular endothelial growth factor hypoxia inducible factor

Identification of Motor Nuclei in the Medulla Oblongata of Carp for Biological Control

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 842-851页

作者： Yang zhao Yong Peng Yudong wen Lingjun Han Yanhong Yan Xueying Dong Hui zhang Zheng zhao Xiaoyue Liu School of Electrical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China School of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China Key Laboratory of National Defense of Mechanical Structure and Material Science Under Extreme Conditions Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China Institute of Marine Science and Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China Shijiazhuang University Shijiazhuang050035China

Brain-controlled technology is the key technology in biological control,and the corresponding relationship between animal brain nuclei and motor behavior is the *** purpose of this study was to explore the motor nuclei of the medulla oblongata in *** carps were subjected to electrical stimulation and chemical stimulation experiments,respectively,in the water-free state,and the effective chemical stimulation sites were injected with the pontamine sky blue *** brain tissue sections were obtained by paraffin tissue section technology and the neutral red staining *** comparing the positions of the brain nuclei shown in earlier studies,the motor nerve nuclei in the medulla oblongata were *** brain electrode was implanted into the motor nucleus of the medulla oblongata,and the underwater control experiment and behavioral tests were carried out with different electrical stimulation *** results showed that the abducens nucleus(NVI)was the motor nucleus that controls the ipsilateral steering,and the facial nucleus(NVII)was the motor nucleus that controls the forward *** adjusting the stimulation voltage and the stimulation pulse number,the carp can be stably controlled to achieve a left–right steering motion of 30°–180°and a forward motion of more than 80 cm/*** study indicated that the quantitative control of the steering and forward behavior of the carp can be achieved by electrical stimulation of the NVI and NVII,which provided a certain experimental basis for the accurate control of the carp robot.

关键词： Biological control Carp Medulla oblongata motor nucleus Electrical stimulation technique Chemical stimulation technique

Cation-Dipole Interaction-Induced Coacervate Underwater Adhesives in Natural Seawater

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第7期42卷 984-991,I0009页

作者： Xu-Fei Liu Chong-Rui zhang Hua-wen Peng Qiang zhao Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Significant progress has been made in wet adhesives for low salinity water,but exploration of general ionic adhesives for natural seawater is less developed because the high salinity could weaken interfacial bonding and shields electrostatic interactions,resulting in adhesion ***,the design of adhesives for natural seawater represents challenges less ***,a cationic polyelectrolyte(PECHIA)containing imidazolacetonitrile unit was explored to prepare adhesives enabled by natural *** combining the ion shielding effect with the“cation-dipole”interactions between PECHIA chains,aqueous solution of the PECHIA underwent coacervation and self-crosslinking in natural seawater,allowing for underwater adhesion to various substrates in *** instantaneous lap-shear and tensile adhesion strengths are 47 and 119 kPa,respectively,while the cured adhesive shows~739 k Pa tensile adhesion in natural *** design of PECHIA enables wet adhesives viable for applications in the diversified scenarios of natural seawater.

关键词： Coacervate Underwater adhesives Seawater Cation-dipole interaction