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Synergy between CSST galaxy survey and gravitational-wave observation: Inferring the Hubble constant from dark standard sirens

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 7-19页

作者： Ji-Yu Song Ling-Feng Wang Yichao Li Ze-Wei Zhao Jing-Fei zhang wen Zhao Xin zhang Key Laboratory of Cosmology and Astrophysics(Liaoning)&College of Sciences Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China CAS Key Laboratory for Researches in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of AstronomyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry(Ministry of Education) Northeastern Universty Shenyang 110819China

Gravitational waves(GWs) from compact binary coalescences encode the absolute luminosity distances of GW sources. Once the redshifts of GW sources are known, one can use the distance-redshift relation to constrain cosmological parameters. One way to obtain the redshifts is to localize GW sources by GW observations and then use galaxy catalogs to determine redshifts from a statistical analysis of redshift information of the potential host galaxies, commonly referred to as the dark siren method. The third-generation(3G) GW detectors are planned to work in the 2030s and will observe numerous compact binary coalescences.Using these GW events as dark sirens requires high-quality galaxy catalogs from future sky survey projects. The China Space Station Telescope(CSST) will be launched in 2024 and will observe billions of galaxies within a 17500 deg^(2) survey area with redshift up to z ~ 4, providing photometric and spectroscopic galaxy catalogs. In this work, we simulate the CSST galaxy catalogs and the 5-year GW data from the 3G GW detectors and combine them to infer the Hubble constant(H_(0)). Our results show that the measurement precision of H0could reach the sub-percent level, meeting the standard of precision cosmology. We conclude that the synergy between CSST and the 3G GW detectors is of great significance in measuring the Hubble constant.

关键词： CSST galaxy survey galaxy catalogs gravitational waves dark sirens the Hubble constant

High-Pressure Behavior of Ferromagnesite(Mg_(0.81)Fe_(0.19))CO_(3)by Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction and Raman Spectroscopy up to 53 GPa

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 525-535页

作者： Lin Liang Guibin zhang Shengxuan Huang Jingjing Niu Dongzhou zhang Jingui Xu wen Liang Shan Qin Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution MOEand School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China CAS Center of Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences and Key Laboratory of Continental Collision and Plateau Uplift Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Hawai’i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology School of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of Hawai’i at ManoaHawai’i96822USA Key Laboratory of High Temperature and High Pressure Study of the Earth’s Interior Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang550081China

Ferromagnesite(Mg,Fe)CO_(3)with 20 mol%iron is a potential host mineral for carbon transport and storage in the Earth mantle.The high-pressure behavior of synthetic ferromagnesite(Mg_(0.81)Fe_(0.19))CO_(3)up to 53 GPa was investigated by synchrotron X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Raman spectroscopy.The iron bearing carbonate underwent spin transition at around 44–46 GPa accompanied by a volume collapse of 1.8%,which also demonstrated a variation in the dνi/dP slope of the Raman modes.The pressure-volume data was fitted by a third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state(BM-EoS)for the high spin phase.The best-fit K_(0)=108(1)GPa and K_(0)'=4.2(1).Combining the dνi/dP and the K_(0),the mode Grüneisen parameters of each vibrational mode(T,L,ν4 andν1)were calculated.The effects of iron concentration on the Mg_(1−x)Fe_(x)CO_(3)system related to high-pressure compressibility and vibrational properties are discussed.These results expand the knowledge of the physical properties of carbonates and provide insights to the potential deep carbon host.

关键词： ferromagnesite synchrotron XRD Raman spectroscopy high pressure geochemistry mineral

Organoid co-culture models of the tumor microenvironment promote precision medicine

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Cancer Innovation 2024年第1期3卷 79-103页

作者： Zhaoru Gu Quanyou Wu Bingqing Shang Kaitai zhang wen zhang State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology Department of Etiology and CarcinogenesisNational Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for CancerCancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Department of Urology National Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for CancerCancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Department of Immunology National Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for CancerCancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

In recent years,the three-dimensional(3D)culture system has emerged as a promising preclinical model for tumor research owing to its ability to replicate the tissue structure and molecular characteristics of solid tumors in vivo.This system offers several advantages,including high throughput,efficiency,and retention of tumor heterogeneity.Traditional Matrigel-submerged organoid cultures primarily support the long-term proliferation of epithelial cells.One solution for the exploration of the tumor microenvironment is a reconstitution approach involving the introduction of exogenous cell types,either in dual,triple or even multiple combinations.Another solution is a holistic approach including patient-derived tumor fragments,air-liquid interface,suspension 3D culture,and microfluidic tumor-on-chip models.Organoid co-culture models have also gained popularity for studying the tumor microenvironment,evaluating tumor immunotherapy,identifying predictive biomarkers,screening for effective drugs,and modeling infections.By leveraging these 3D culture systems,it is hoped to advance the clinical application of therapeutic approaches and improve patient outcomes.

关键词： air-liquid interface immunotherapy organoid tumor microenvironment tumor-on-chip

Structure of a histone hexamer bound by the chaperone domains of SPT16 and MCM2

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1305-1307页

作者： Songlin Gan wen-Si Yang Liting Wei Zhiguo zhang Rui-Ming Xu Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute for Cancer Genetics Department of Pediatrics and Department of Genetics and DevelopmentColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York 10032USA School of Life Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China

Dear Editor,The passage of DNA replication forks during eukaryotic cell division disrupts the nucleosomes they encounter,and de novo assembly of nucleosomes onto replicated DNA must take place to restore chromatin str... 详细信息

关键词： structure. nucleosome passage

Elucidating the cardioprotective mechanisms of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors beyond glycemic control

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 137-141页

作者： Ke-Xin zhang Cheng-Xia Kan Fang Han Jing-wen zhang Xiao-Dong Sun Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang 261031Shandong ProvinceChina

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT2)inhibitors have emerged as a pivotal intervention in diabetes management,offering significant cardiovascular benefits.Empagliflozin,in particular,has demonstrated cardioprotective effects beyond its glucose-lowering action,reducing heart failure hospitalizations and improving cardiac function.Of note,the cardioprotective mechanisms appear to be independent of glucose lowering,possibly mediated through several mechanisms involving shifts in cardiac metabolism and anti-fibrotic,anti-inflammatory,and anti-oxidative pathways.This editorial summarizes the multifaceted cardiovascular advantages of SGLT2 inhibitors,highlighting the need for further research to elucidate their full therapeutic potential in cardiac care.

关键词： Diabetes Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 Cardiovascular diseases Empagliflozin

Clinical effects of nonconvulsive electrotherapy combined with mindfulness-based stress reduction and changes of serum inflammatory factors in depression

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第5期14卷 653-660页

作者： Zhi-wen Gu Chun-Ping zhang Li-Ping Chen Xiong Huang Department of Psychiatry Guangzhou First People's HospitalSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510180Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University(Guangzhou HuiAi Hospital)Guangzhou 510370Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Depression is a common and serious psychological condition,which seriously affects individual well-being and functional ability.Traditional treatment methods include drug therapy and psychological counseling;however,these methods have different degrees of side effects and limitations.In recent years,nonconvulsive electrotherapy(NET)has attracted increasing attention as a noninvasive treatment method.However,the clinical efficacy and potential mechanism of NET on depression are still unclear.We hypothesized that NET has a positive clinical effect in the treatment of depression,and may have a regulatory effect on serum inflammatory factors during treatment.AIM To assess the effects of NET on depression and analyze changes in serum inflammatory factors.METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 140 patients undergoing treatment for depression between May 2017 and June 2022,the observation group that received a combination of mindfulness-based stress reduction(MBSR)and NET treatment(n=70)and the control group that only received MBSR therapy(n=70).The clinical effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by assessing various factors,including the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)-17,self-rating idea of suicide scale(SSIOS),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and levels of serum inflammatory factors before and after 8 wk of treatment.The quality of life scores between the two groups were compared.Comparisons were made using t and χ^(2) tests.RESULTS After 8 wk of treatment,the observation group exhibited a 91.43%overall effectiveness rate which was higher than that of the control group which was 74.29%(64 vs 52,χ^(2)=7.241;P<0.05).The HAMD,SSIOS,and PSQI scores showed a significant decrease in both groups.Moreover,the observation group had lower scores than the control group(10.37±2.04 vs 14.02±2.16,t=10.280;1.67±0.28 vs 0.87±0.12,t=21.970;5.29±1.33 vs 7.94±1.35,t=11.700;P both<0.001).Additionally,there was a notable decrease in the IL-2,IL-1β,and IL-6 in both groups after treatment.Furthermore,the observation

关键词： Depression Nonconvulsive electrotherapy Mindfulness-based stress reduction Serum inflammatory factors Clinical effect Hamilton Depression Scale

Cation-Dipole Interaction-Induced Coacervate Underwater Adhesives in Natural Seawater

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第7期42卷 984-991,I0009页

作者： Xu-Fei Liu Chong-Rui zhang Hua-wen Peng Qiang Zhao Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Significant progress has been made in wet adhesives for low salinity water,but exploration of general ionic adhesives for natural seawater is less developed because the high salinity could weaken interfacial bonding and shields electrostatic interactions,resulting in adhesion failure.Thus,the design of adhesives for natural seawater represents challenges less resolved.Herein,a cationic polyelectrolyte(PECHIA)containing imidazolacetonitrile unit was explored to prepare adhesives enabled by natural seawater.By combining the ion shielding effect with the“cation-dipole”interactions between PECHIA chains,aqueous solution of the PECHIA underwent coacervation and self-crosslinking in natural seawater,allowing for underwater adhesion to various substrates in seawater.The instantaneous lap-shear and tensile adhesion strengths are 47 and 119 kPa,respectively,while the cured adhesive shows~739 k Pa tensile adhesion in natural seawater.The design of PECHIA enables wet adhesives viable for applications in the diversified scenarios of natural seawater.

关键词： Coacervate Underwater adhesives Seawater Cation-dipole interaction

Ultrasound diagnosis of congenital Morgagni hernias: Ten years of experience at two Chinese centers

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第3期12卷 495-502页

作者： Hui-Qing Shi wen-Juan Chen Qiang Yin Xue-Hua zhang Department of Ultrasound Fujian Children’s Hospital(Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center)College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics&Gynecology and PediatricsFujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350011Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Ultrasound Hunan Children’s HospitalUniversity of South ChinaChangsha 410007Hunan ProvinceChina Department of Pediatric Surgery Hunan Children’s HospitalUniversity of South ChinaChangsha 410007Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Morgagni hernias are rare anomalies that are easily misdiagnosed or missed.AIM To summarize the ultrasound(US)imaging characteristics of Morgagni hernias through a comparison of imaging and surgical results.METHODS The records of children with Morgagni hernias who were hospitalized at two hospitals between January 2013 and November 2023 were retrospectively re-viewed in terms of clinical findings,US features,and operative details.RESULTS Between 2013 and 2023,we observed nine(five male and four female)children with Morgagni hernias.Upper abdominal scanning revealed a widening of the prehepatic space,with an abnormal channel extending from the xiphoid process to the right or left side of the thoracic cavity.The channel had intestinal duct and intestinal gas echoes.Hernia contents were found in the transverse colon(n=6),the colon and small intestine(n=2),and the colon and stomach(n=1).Among the patients,seven had a right-sided lesion,two had a left-sided lesion,and all of them had hernial sacs.CONCLUSION US imaging can accurately determine the location,extent,and content of Morgagni hernias.For suspected Mor-gagni hernias,we recommend performing sonographic screening first.

关键词： Children Congenital diaphragmatic hernias Morgagni hernia Operation Ultrasound Gastrointestinal imaging

Mathematical model and numerical investigation of the influence of spray drying parameters on granule sizes of mold powder

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 280-295页

作者： Fei zhang Youyu Lu Shaoyan Zhu Funian Han Guanghua wen Ping Tang Zibing Hou College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis Guizhou Academy of SciencesGuiyang550014China

In this work,the formation mechanism of the droplet-to-granule was investigated in detail based on mold powder manufacturing.A specific mathematical model of two-stage spray drying was established to describe droplet and granule motion,heat and mass transfer,and granule morphology during spray drying.Then,the relationships between spray drying parameters(inlet temperature,atomization pres-sure,slurry mass flow rate)and the properties of the drying tower(temperature and velocity fields)and mold powder granules(temperature,evaporation rates,moisture content,and diameter)were simulated and calculated using ANSYS/Fluent software.To ensure that the granule size of mold powder was controlled within the ideal range(0.2-0.6 mm)for producing granules with appropriate mechanical and metallurgical properties,the following optimum spray drying parameters were chosen based on the results of the numerical simulation:inlet temperatures,873 K;slurry atomization pressure,1.8 MPa;slurry mass flow rate,0.05 kg s-1.Among these parameters,the slurry mass flow rate has the most significant effect on granule size.

关键词： Mold powder slurry Spray drying parameters Mathematical model Numerical simulation Granule sizes