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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期37卷 325-330页

作者： MU Hong Yun ZHOU Hong Lei JING Zheng LU wei zhang jian wei jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College Taizhou 225300JiangsuChina Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health(Shanghai)Co. LTD.Shanghai 200040China

Feline calicivirus(FCV)was a highly prevalent RNA virus causing upper respiratory tract infections in cats through the mouth and nose around the world,result in the death of cats especially under 1 year old with upper respiratory tract disease(URTD)and virulent systemic disease(FCV-VSD)[1].Infected cats usually presented with mouth ulcers,salivation and gingivitis-stomatitis.Furthermore,both recovered cats and asymptomatic carriers can still carry and spread the FCV virus for extended periods of time,contributing to the potential for outbreak.This presented a significant threat to the health and lives of cats,and rare wildlife and took a heavy financial loss on the pet industry,making the prevention and control of the virus difficult.Hence,rapid identification of FCV in clinical samples was necessary to prevent the spread of FCV and avoid financial loss.

关键词： prevention respiratory Probe

Soil resource availability impacts microbial response to organic carbon and inorganic nitrogen inputs

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第5期17卷 705-710页

作者： zhang wei-jian W.ZHU S.HU Department of Agronomy Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China Department of Plant Pathology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27605 USA Department of Biological Sciences State University of New YorkBinghamton Binghamton NY 13902 USA

Impacts of newly added organic carbon （C） and inorganic nitrogen （N） on the microbial utilization of soil organic matter are important in determining the future C balance of terrestrial ecosystems. We examined microbial responses to cellulose and ammonium nitrate additions in three soils with very different C and N availability. These soils included an organic soil（ 14.2% total organic C, with extremely high extractable N and low labile C）, a forest soi1（4.7% total organic C, with high labile C and extremely low extractable N）, and a grassland soil（1.6% total organic C, with low extractable N and labile C）. While cellulose addition alone significantly enhanced microbial respiration and biomass C and N in the organic and grassland soils, it accelerated only the microbial respiration in the highly-N limited forest soil. These results indicated that when N was not limited, C addition enhanced soil respiration by stimulating both microbial growth and their metabolic activity, New C inputs lead to elevated C release in all three soils, and the magnitude of the enhancement was higher in the organic and grassland soils than the forest soil. The addition of cellulose plus N to the forest and grassland soils initially increased the microbial biomass and respiration rates, but decreased the rates as time progressed. Compared to cellulose addition alone, cellulose plus N additions increased the total C-released in the grassland soil, but not in the forest soil. The enhancement of total C- released induced by C and N addition was less than 50% of the added-C in the forest soil after 96 d of incubation, in contrast to 87.5% and 89.0% in the organic and grassland soils. These results indicate that indigenous soil C and N availability substantially impacts the allocation of organic C for microbial biomass growth and/or respiration, potentially regulating the turnover rates of the new organic C inputs.

关键词： cellulose inorganic nitrogen microbial biomass microbial activity carbon sequestration

我国高等教育在地国际化内涵演进、发展困境及实践逻辑

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黑龙江高教研究 2024年第3期42卷 26-32页

作者：李伟张建伟华中科技大学湖北武汉430074

在地国际化是后疫情时期我国高等教育国际化的重要发展趋势。它是高等教育内涵式发展的重要动力,是应对国际环境深刻变化的科学方略,是满足广大学生需求的有效途径,但面临评价导向与实践目标错位、在地国际化资源利用效率不高、在线国... 详细信息

在地国际化是后疫情时期我国高等教育国际化的重要发展趋势。它是高等教育内涵式发展的重要动力,是应对国际环境深刻变化的科学方略,是满足广大学生需求的有效途径,但面临评价导向与实践目标错位、在地国际化资源利用效率不高、在线国际教育效果难以保障、高校国际化发展协同效应不强等主要挑战和困境。分析归纳欧洲高等教育在地国际化共性要素,并基于此提出从观念上扭转“西化从属观”与“困境工具观”,从组织上搭建“三位一体”协调机制,从内容上完善课程国际化,从评价上引导高校特色发展,从技术上促进虚拟互动。

关键词：在地国际化内涵演进发展动因实践逻辑

A possible mechanism of mineral responses to elevated atmospheric CO_2 in rice grains

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第1期14卷 50-57页

作者： GUO Jia zhang Ming-qian WANG Xiao-wen zhang wei-jian Institute of Wetland Research Chinese Academy of Forestry Institute of Applied Ecology Nanjing Agricultural University Technology Center of China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co. Ltd Chinese Academy of Engineering Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop EcologyPhysiology & ProductionMinistry of Agriculture

Increasing attentions have been paid to mineral concentration decrease in milled rice grains caused by CO2 enrichment, but the mechanisms still remain unclear. Therefore, mineral （Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and Mn） translocation in plant-soil system with a FACE （Free-air CO2 enrichment） experiment were investigated in Eastern China after 4-yr operation. Results mainly showed that：（1） elevated CO2 significantly increased the biomass of stem and panicle by 21.9 and 24.0%, respectively, but did not affect the leaf biomass. （2） Elevated CO2 significantly increased the contents of Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, and Mn in panicle by 61.2, 28.9, 87.0, 36.7, and 66.0%, respectively, and in stem by 13.2, 21.3, 47.2, 91.8, and 25.2%, respectively, but did not affect them in leaf. （3） Elevated CO2 had positive effects on the weight ratio of mineral/biomass in stem and panicle. Our results suggest that elevated CO2 can favor the translocation of Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, and Mn from soil to stem and panicle. The CO2-led mineral decline in milled rice grains may mainly attribute to the CO2-1ed unbalanced stimulations on the translocations of minerals and carbohydrates from vegetative parts （e.g., leaf, stem, branch and husk） to the grains.

关键词： climate change free-air CO2 enrichment （FACE） hidden hunger nutritional quality paddy field rice

TBM有压输水隧洞内张钢圈-管片-围岩组合结构联合承载力学特性分析

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岩土力学 2024年第4期45卷 1154-1169,1180页

作者：张建伟刘贺曹克磊黄锦林王勇华北水利水电大学水利学院河南郑州450046 广东省水利水电科学研究院广东广州510635 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院广东广州510635

为探究全断面隧道岩石掘进机(tunnel boring machine,TBM)有压输水隧洞内张钢圈-管片-围岩组合结构的受荷状态,以榕江―关埠引水工程中Ⅴ类围岩TBM有压输水隧洞段为研究对象,建立内张钢圈-管片-围岩组合结构三维精细化有限元模型,研究... 详细信息

为探究全断面隧道岩石掘进机(tunnel boring machine,TBM)有压输水隧洞内张钢圈-管片-围岩组合结构的受荷状态,以榕江―关埠引水工程中Ⅴ类围岩TBM有压输水隧洞段为研究对象,建立内张钢圈-管片-围岩组合结构三维精细化有限元模型,研究内水压力、围岩类型对组合结构力学特性的影响。研究结果表明:采用内张钢圈加固隧洞结构能有效控制隧洞变形,减小管片拉应力及受拉区范围,提高组合结构的承载能力;内水压力作用下管片压应力、竖向变形、接缝张开度、连接螺栓应力、内张钢圈应力、锚杆应力均较无内水压力作用下有所减小,但管片拉应力和接缝错台分别增大了19.68%、39.25%,其主要原因为内水压力作用致使隧洞结构整体呈现向外膨胀,在充水运营期间应加强内水压力作用下的安全监测;在外部水土压力和内水压力共同作用下,围岩类型的改变使组合结构中连接螺栓应力、管片接缝错台、锚杆应力分别提高37.11%、15.29%、14.75%,其主要原因为围岩岩性越差承担荷载能力越弱,在围岩类型的过渡区域应进行重点监测;此外,在外部水土压力和内水压力共同作用下,组合结构中围岩、管片、内张钢圈、锚杆的荷载分担率分别为21.38%、43.08%、24.01%和11.53%,内张钢圈荷载分担率较无内水压力作用提高了34.06%,内水压力作用提高了内张钢圈分担荷载的效果;组合结构中围岩的分担率随围岩类型(Ⅲ类、Ⅳ类、Ⅴ类)的增加而减小,相同荷载下Ⅲ类围岩的荷载分担率较Ⅴ类围岩提高了16.96%。该研究成果可为类似隧洞工程的衬砌设计及后期加固措施提供理论参考。

关键词：输水隧洞组合结构管片衬砌内张钢圈力学特性分担率

Laparoscopic vs open left hepatectomy for hepatolithiasis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第22期16卷 2818-2823页

作者： Tu, Jin-Fu jiang, Fei-Zhao Zhu, Heng-Liang Hu, Ru-Ying zhang, wei-jian Zhou, Zhen-Xu Wenzhou Med Coll Affiliated Hosp 1 Dept Laparoscop Surg Wenzhou 325000 Zhejiang Peoples R China

AIM: To explore the feasibility and therapeutic effect of total laparoscopic left hepatectomy (LLH) for hepatolithiasis. METHODS: From June 2006 to October 2009, 61 consecutive patients with hepatolithiasis who met the inclusion criteria for LLH were treated in our institute. Of the 61 patients with hepatolithiasis, 28 underwent LLH (LLH group) and 33 underwent open left hepatectomy (OLH group). Clinical data including operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complication rate, postoperative hospital stay time, stone clearance and recurrence rate were retrospectively analyzed and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: LLH was successfully performed in 28 patients. The operation time of LLH group was longer than that of OLH group (158 ± 43 min vs 132 ± 39 min, P < 0.05) and the hospital stay time of LLH group was shorter than that of OLH group (6.8 ± 2.8 d vs 10.2 ± 3.4 d, P < 0.01). No difference was found in intraoperative blood loss (180 ± 56 mL vs 184 ± 50 mL), postoperative complication rate (14.2% vs 15.2%), and stone residual rate (intermediate rate 17.9% vs 12.1% and final rate 0% vs 0%) between the twogroups. No perioperative death occurred in either group. Fifty-seven patients (93.4%) were followed up for 2-40 mo (mean 17 mo), including 27 in LLH group and 30 in OLH group. Stone recurrence occurred in 1 patient of each group. CONCLUSION: LLH for hepatolithiasis is feasible and safe in selected patients with an equal therapeutic effect to that of traditional open hepatectomy.

关键词： Hepatolithiasis Laparoscopy Hepatectomy Complication Therapeutic effect

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π形截面斜拉桥特种运输工况分析

价值工程 2024年第16期43卷 49-51页

作者：张建伟中铁十五局集团有限公司上海200000

近年来基建业技术发展,特殊结构大跨度桥梁的设计和建造日益增多,对祖国交通网络起到了极大的促进。同时其他行业的发展对公路运输也提出了更高的要求,如何在不损伤桥梁结构的前提下,完成特殊荷载的过特殊桥梁运输是经常遇到的一个难题。

关键词：斜拉桥特殊荷载温度梯度监控临界值

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Impacts of Nighttime Warming on the Soil Nematode Community in a Winter Wheat Field of Yangtze Delta Plain, China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第7期13卷 1477-1485页

作者： SONG Zhen-wei zhang Bin TIAN Yun-lu DENG Ai-xing ZHENG Cheng-yan Md Nurul Islam Md Abdul Mannaf zhang wei-jian Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology & Production Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Rice Sciences Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Joydebpur Gazipur-1701 Bangladesh

Changes in the soil nematode community induced by global warming may have a considerable influence on agro-ecosystem functioning. However, the impacts of predicted warming on nematode community in farmland （e.g., winter wheat field） have not been well documented. Therefore, a field experiment with free air temperature increase （FATI） was conducted to investigate the responses of the soil nematode community to nighttime warming in a winter wheat field of Yangtze Delta Plain, China, during 2007 to 2009. Nighttime warming （NW） by 1.8~C at 5-cm soil depth had no significant impact on the total nematode abundance compared to un-warmed control （CK）. However, NW significantly affected the nematode community structure. Warming favored the bacterivores and fungivores, such as Acrobeles, Monhystera, Rhabditis, and Rhabdontolaimus in bacterivores, and Filenchus in fungivores, while the plant-parasites were hindered, such as Helicotylenchus and Psilenchus. Interestingly, the carnivores/ omnivores remained almost unchanged. Hence, the abundances ofbacterivores and fungivores were significantly higher under NW than those under CK. Similarly, the abundances of plant-parasites were significantly lower under NW than under CK. Furthermore, Wasilewska index of the nematode community was significantly higher under NW than those under CK, indicating beneficial effect to the plant in the soil. Our results suggest that nighttime warming may improve soil fertility and decrease soil- borne diseases in winter wheat field through affecting the soil nematode community. It is also indicated that nighttime warming may promote the sustainability of the nematode community by altering genera-specific habitat suitability for soil biota.

关键词： climate warming FATI soil nematodes community structure,winter wheat

How plant density affects maize spike differentiation, kernel set, and grain yield formation in Northeast China?

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第8期17卷 1745-1757页

作者： zhang Ming CHEN Tao Hojatollah Latifmanesh FENG Xiao-min CAO Tie-hua QIAN Chun-rong DENG Ai-xing SONG Zhen-wei zhang wei-jian Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and EcologyMinistry of AgricultureBeijing 100081P.R.China Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130124P.R.China Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin 150086P.R.China

A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of plant density on tassel and ear differentiation, anthesissilking interval(ASI), and grain yield formation of two types of modern maize hybrids(Zhongdan 909(ZD909) as tolerant hybrid to crowding stress, Jidan 209(JD209) and Neidan 4(ND4) as intolerant hybrids to crowding stress) in Northeast China. Plant densities of 4.50×104(D1), 6.75×104(D2), 9.00×104(D3), 11.25×104(D4), and 13.50×104(D5) plants ha-1had no significant effects on initial time of tassel and ear differentiation of maize. Instead, higher plant density delayed the tassel and ear development during floret differentiation and sexual organ formation stage, subsequently resulting in ASI increments at the rate of 1.2–2.9 days on average for ZD909 in 2013–2014, 0.7–4.2 days for JD209 in 2013, and 0.5–3.7 days for ND4 in 2014, respectively, under the treatments of D2, D3, D4, and D5 compared to that under the D1 treatment. Total florets, silking florets, and silking rates of ear showed slightly decrease trends with the plant density increasing, whereas the normal kernels seriously decreased at the rate of 11.0–44.9% on average for ZD909 in 2013–2014, 2.0–32.6% for JD209 in 2013, and 9.7–28.3% for ND4 in 2014 with the plant density increased compared to that under the D1 treatment due to increased florets abortive rates. It was also observed that 100-kernel weight of ZD909 showed less decrease trend compared that of JD209 and ND4 along with the plant densities increase. As a consequence, ZD909 gained its highest grain yield by 13.7 t ha-1on average at the plant density of 9.00×104 plants ha-1, whereas JD209 and ND4 reached their highest grain yields by 11.7 and 10.2 t ha-1at the plant density of 6.75×104 plants ha-1, respectively. Our experiment demonstrated that hybrids with lower ASI, higher kernel number potential per ear, and relative constant 100-kernel weight(e.g., ZD909) could achieve higher yield under dense planting in high latitude area(e.g., Northeast China).

关键词： corn dense planting spike differentiation anthesis-silking interval(ASI) kernel set

大跨度斜拉桥钢-混组合梁一维日照温度场高效数值模型构建及试验验证

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工程力学 2024年第S1期41卷 197-205页

作者：黄民水张健蔚罗金万能邓志航何仲骜武汉工程大学土木工程与建筑学院武汉430074 绿色土木工程材料与结构湖北省工程研究中心武汉430074 重庆大学土木工程学院重庆400045

由于内部材料的分层,钢-混组合梁整体竖向温度梯度分布不均匀,温度场求解困难且模拟精度和效率不理想。该文以傅里叶热传导定律为理论基础,推导了钢-混组合梁的一维日照温度场数值计算通用模型,采用逐次超松弛迭代法进行求解;通过一个钢... 详细信息

由于内部材料的分层,钢-混组合梁整体竖向温度梯度分布不均匀,温度场求解困难且模拟精度和效率不理想。该文以傅里叶热传导定律为理论基础,推导了钢-混组合梁的一维日照温度场数值计算通用模型,采用逐次超松弛迭代法进行求解;通过一个钢-混组合梁数值案例,对比分析了该方法与COMSOL的计算精度和效率;基于某大跨度斜拉桥的温度健康监测数据,验证了该方法对于日温度时程和全截面竖向温度梯度仿真的精度,并将竖向温度梯度的仿真结果与我国桥梁规范进行了对比。结果表明:该方法计算精度与物理场仿真软件保持一致,计算效率提升了78.3%,并能准确模拟大跨度斜拉桥钢-混组合梁的竖向温度分布,为大跨度斜拉桥钢-混组合梁温度效应的计算提供了强有力工具。

关键词：一维日照温度场高效数值模型逐次超松弛迭代法钢-混组合梁傅里叶热传导定律