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Reinterpreting ＂Universe＂ and Recovering ＂Benevolence＂ -- To Commemorate the Evolution and Ethics andthe Theory of Benevolence Published 120 Years

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学术界 2018年第2期 283-288页

作者： zhang shuguang Beijing Normal University

Yan Fu＇s Evolution and Ethics and Tan Sitong＇ s Theory of Benevolence are thetwo important books published in the great turning point of modern Chinese history. Both booksnot only harshly criticize the monarchy, take the lead in appealing for liberty, equality and democra-cy, but also give a creative explanation of universe -man relationship which is the basic issue of Chi-nese thought, promote the transformation of traditional cosmology and morality toward a new worldoutlook, social outlook and values, and lay the foundation for ontology and methodology of new ide-as and new theories. Both books have the ＂Prejudice＂ given by Chinese traditional culture,but be-cause of their ideological resources, thinking coordinates and methodological path differences, theyconstitute a certain relationship of contrast and complementarity in theory. Therefore, conducting amore in - depth analysis and summing up the achievements and limitations of them are enough toprovide valuable lessons for us in ＂restarting the thinking of universe -man＂ in today＇s era.

关键词： universe man benevolence natural selection social selection objective belief

Dynamics of high speed wheel/rail system and its modelling

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第11期52卷 1566-1575页

作者： zhang shuguang zhang WeiHua JIN XueSong Transportation Bureau of Railway Ministry of China Beijing 100844 China State Key Laboratory of Traction Power Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China

With the fast increasing of train speed the interactions among the train,the track,and the power cate-nary system become very strong. Such interactions are also strongly coupled with the action of high speed airflow due to the high speed running. Hence,the existing research methods and numerical al-gorithms of railway vehicle/track systems are not fully available for characterizing the transient dy-namic and long-term behaviors of train/track at higher speed. The present paper reviews the existing studies on coupling dynamics of railway vehicle/track,and clarifies their advantages and disadvan-tages and then puts forward an innovation stratagem for high speed railway based on rolling contact of wheel/rail systems. In the innovation stratagem,a comprehensive dynamic model of wheels/rails sys-tems is developed to simultaneously consider the track system,the train,the rolling contact of wheel/rail,the catenary/pantograph system,and the high speed airflow with the train. The motion equations of the subsystems and their coupling boundaries are given and discussed. For the reliability and safety of the high speed train in service,the long-term behavior of the structures of the train and the track is considered in the comprehensive model. Moreover,a generalized failure model,consider-ing the structures and the materials and working in the comprehensive dynamic model of wheels/rails system,as well as the simulation system of structure failure of the high speed train/track is established. Consequently,the present studies on the dynamics of the coupled vehicle/track will be further and largely extended.

关键词：铁轨火车悬链线故障模拟车轮

Multiple hierarchy risk assessment with hybrid model for safety enhancing of unmanned subscale BWB demonstrator flight test

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第12期32卷 2612-2626页

作者： Yi LU shuguang zhang Zejing zhang Xuan zhang Peng TANG Shan FU Department of Automation School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China Airworthiness Technologies Research and Management Center China Aviation Polytechnology EstablishmentBeijing 100028China China Electronic Product Reliability and Environmental Testing Research Institute Guangzhou 510610China School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China

To explore the low-speed characteristics of the Blended-Wing-Body(BWB)configuration for future civil aircraft,a series of unmanned subscale demonstrators have been developed and tested by our research *** this process,specific safety risks deriving from uncertain design features,system unreliability,and insufficient personnel experience caused continuous flight test mishaps and the risk mechanism was not *** and trial-and-error learning driven safety improvements took few effects on mishap prevention,so our focus was turned to look for systematic safety *** paper establishes a systems theory based hybrid model to integrate the physical system reliability analysis techniques with the system dynamics method for illustrating the multiple risk interactions of the demonstrator flight test involving organizational,human resource and technical system *** the prior BB-5 demonstrator as a case,the hybrid model simulation represents its historical risk evolution process,which verifies the model rational*** risk control strategies reduced the mishap rate of a new demonstrator called BB-6 *** paper also shows the extended hybrid model can be applied on safety management of unmanned aerial vehicles from the initial period of vehicle development.

关键词： Blended-wing-body Demonstration flight test Markov analysis Risk assessment Strategy experiment System dynamics Systems theory

Friction between a single platelet and fibrinogen

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Friction 2024年第10期12卷 2344-2354页

作者： Yuhe WANG Yan LI shuguang zhang Haosheng CHEN Yongjian LI State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Friction has been considered to mediate physiological activities of cells,however,the biological friction between a single cell and its ligand-bound surface has not been thoroughly ***,we established a friction model for single cells based on an atomic force microscopy(AFM)combined with an inverted fluorescence microscopy(IFM)to study the friction between a highly sensitive platelet and fibrinogen-coated *** study revealed that the friction between the platelet and fibrinogen-coated tip is mainly influenced by specific ligand–receptor ***,we modeled the biological friction,which consists of specific interaction,non-specific interaction,and mechanical ***,the results suggested that the velocity can also affect specific ligand–receptor interactions,resulting in the friction change and platelet adhesion to fibrinogen *** study built a friction model between a single cell and its ligand-bound surface and provided a potential method to study the biological friction by the combination of AFM and IFM.

关键词： friction single cell platelet fibrinogen atomic force microscopy(AFM)

Break-up Process of Perturbed Molten Metal Jet and Preparation of Lead-Free Solder Balls

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Journal of Rare Earths 2004年第z2期22卷 174-177页

作者： He Lijun zhang shuguang zhang Shaoming Xu Jun Shi Likai National Engineering Research Center for Non-Ferrous Metals Composites General Research Institute for Non-Ferrous MetalsBeijing 100088China

Solder balls, which are used in advanced electronics packages such as BGA (Ball Grid Array) and CSP (Chip Scale Package) to substitute the leads and realize the electrical and mechanical connections between substrate and chip,have severe specifications in diameter tolerance, roundness and surface quality, and therefore challenge the traditional technologies for fabrication of metallic particles and powders. The present work made a survey of perturbed molten metal jet break-up process, observed the formation and growth of capillary wave of tin-lead melt jet by way of rapid solidification, and on the basis of the above research, successfully obtained tin-lead eutectic and Sn-4.0Ag-0.5Cu lead free solder balls with tight distribution and good sphericity of particles through optimization of processing parameters, forming a solid base for cost effectively producing solder balls.

关键词： solder balls jet break-up capillary wave perturbation

Assessment of piloting behavior impact on landing risk of transport aircraft

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第9期37卷 178-192页

作者： Zhiyue XIONG shuguang zhang Mingkai WANG Peng TANG Mengmeng WANG School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China

The human factors and their interaction with other factors play an important role in the flight safety of transport *** this paper,a paradigm of risk assessment for transport aircraft interacting with piloting behaviors is proposed,with focus on landing which is the most accident-prone flight stage in aviation safety ***-based flight simulation serves as our data source for landing risk analysis under uncertainties.A digital pilot in the loop that reflects the human piloting behaviors is employed to facilitate simulation *** types of unsafe events in landing are identified from *** this basis,the landing safety boundary is extracted via stochastic simulation to divide safety and hazardous flight status domains,which con-tributes to flight status management and risk *** simulation results indicate that appro-priate piloting behavior,which is active response and fast target acquisition with minimum overshoot and fluctuation,shows benefit to landing *** subset simulation technique is employed to further refine the boundary with less computational ***,the effect of airspeed,windspeed,and other factors on landing risk is also *** proposed risk assess-ment method would help optimize operation procedure and develop targeted pilot training program.

关键词： Landing risk assessment Risk parameterization Human factors Piloting behavior model Landing safety boundary Subset simulation

The geological characteristics of oceanic-type UHP metamorphic belts and their tectonic implications: Case studies from Southwest Tianshan and North Qaidam in NW China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第20期53卷 3120-3130页

作者： zhang LiFei LU Zeng zhang GuiBin SONG shuguang MOE Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belt and Crustal Evolution School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

The geological characteristics of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic belts formed by deep subduction of oceanic crust are summarized in this paper. Oceanic-type UHP metamorphic belt is characterized by its protolithic assemblage of typical oceanic crust, the peak metamorphic temperature <600℃, P-T path undergoing blueschist facies during prograde and retrograde metamorphic evolution, respectively, with low geothermal gradient of cold subduction. The further study of oceanic-type UHP metamorphic belt is very significant for constructing metamorphic reaction series of cold subduction zone, for understanding how aqueous fluids were transported into deep mantle and for classifying the types of UHP metamorphism in cold subduction zone. The uplift and exhumation mechanism of oceanic UHP metamorphic rocks is one of the most challenging problems in the study of UHP metamorphism, which is very important for understanding the geodynamic mechanism of solid Earth. As a traveler subducted into the mantle depth and then uplifted to the surface, oceanic-type UHP metamorphic belts witness the bulk process from the subduction to exhumation and is an ideal target to study the geochemical behavior and cycling of elements in subduction zones. The tectonic evolution of one convergent orogenic belt can be usually divided into two stages of oceanic subduction and followed continental subduction and collision, and the two best-established examples of orogenic belts are Alps and Himalaya. Therefore, the study of oceanic-type UHP metamorphic belt is the frontier of the current plate tectonic theory. As two case studies, the current status and existing problems of oceanic-type UHP metamorphic belts in Southwest Tianshan and North Qaidam, NW China, are reviewed in this paper.

关键词：地质运动超高压变质带潜没地带天山中国

A nonlinear creep model for surrounding rocks of tunnels based on kinetic energy theorem

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第2期15卷 363-374页

作者： Wenbo Liu Hui Zhou shuguang zhang Shuai Jiang Liu Yang State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin541004China School of Civil Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin541004China

The initiating condition for the accelerated creep of rocks has caused difficulty in analyzing the whole creep ***,the existing Nishihara model has evident shortcomings in describing the accelerated creep characteristics of the viscoplastic stage from the perspective of internal energy to analyze the mechanism of rock creep failure and determine the threshold of accelerated creep *** on the kinetic energy theorem,Perzyna viscoplastic theory,and the Nishihara model,a unified creep constitutive model that can describe the whole process of decaying creep,stable creep,and accelerated creep is *** reveal that the energy consumption and creep damage in the process of creep loading mainly come from the internal energy changes of geotechnical *** established creep model can not only describe the viscoelasticeplastic creep characteristics of rock,but also reflect the relationship between rock energy and creep deformation *** addition,the research results provide a new method for determining the critical point of creep deformation and a new idea for studying the creep model and creep mechanical properties.

关键词： Internal energy Kinetic energy theorem Perzyna viscoplastic theory Nishihara model Accelerated creep Initiating threshold

Pyrylium-based porous organic polymers via Knoevenagel condensation for efficient visible-light-driven heterogeneous photodegradation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第4期34卷 279-282页

作者： Renwei Hu Mehdi Hassan Lu Liu shuguang zhang Weitao Gong State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Engineering Laboratory of Boric and Magnesic Functional Material Preparative and Applied Technology Dalian 116024China Department of Chemistry University of BaltistanSkardu 16100Pakistan

Pyrylium salts are a type of representative and convincing example of versatility and variety not only as a nodal point in organic transformations but also as an attractive building block in functional organic materials. Herein, we report an effective synthetic protocol to fabricate a new pyrylium-containing porous organic polymers(POPs), named TMP-P, via Knoevenagel condensation with 2,4,6-trimethylpyrylium salt(TMP) as the key building block and 1,4-phthalaldehyde as the linker. The resulting ionic polymer TMPP exhibited efficient visible-light-driven heterogeneous photodegradation of Rhodamine B, owing to the presence of wide visible light absorption and a narrow optical band gap triggered pyrylium core in the framework.

关键词： Ionic porous organic polymer Pyryliun salts Knoevenagel reaction Vinylene-linked Photodegradation