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Threat and management strategies of potentially invasive insects in china

Science china(Life sciences) 2009年第10期52卷 903-910页

作者： zhang runzhi1, zhang yaping2 & jiang youxu3.1 state key laboratory of integrated management of pest insects and rodents in agriculture, institute of zoology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2 Kunming institute of zoology, chinese academy of sciences, Yunnan, 650223, china 3 The Research institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, The chinese academy of Forestry, beijing 100091, china state key laboratory of integrated management of pest insects and rodents in agriculture Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Kunming institute of zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan 650223 China The Research institute of Forest Ecology Environment and Protection The Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China

The Global Invasive Species Database, GISD, comprises 27 species of the most significant invasive alien insects in the world (through November, 2005), 6 of which are originally native to china, 11 are established in china, and 10 have a potential invasion threat to china. This paper discusses these species in terms of distribution, harmfulness and dispersal ways, and finds that: (i) Information re-garding invasive insects in the GISD remains inadequate. Such harmful invasive species as Opogona sacchari (Bojer), Oracella acuta (Lobdell), and Dendroctonus valens LeConte are not included. (ii) Ten species of invasive insects, particularly Lasius neglectus Van Loon and Linepithema humile (Mayr) which become established in areas near china, have the potential to become established in china. (iii) Special attention should be paid to species from Asia and the Americas because of their greater likeli-hood of becoming established in china. Finally, some management strategies including legislation, quarantine, early warning, prevention and control are suggested.

关键词： biological invasions invasive species insect china

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Herbivory effects of Argopistes tsekooni, a chrysomelid beetle, on container-grown chinese privet, Ligustrum sinense

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Insect Science 2011年第2期18卷 203-208页

作者： Yan-Zhuo zhang James L. Hanula jiang-Hua Sun state key laboratory of integrated management of pest insects & rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station Athens GA USA

The impact ofArgopistes tsekooni Chen （Coleoptera： Chrysomelidae）, a herbivore, on chinese privet, Ligustrum sinense Lout. （Scrophulariales： Oleaceae）, an invasive shrub in the United states, was studied in china. Five densities of adults were inoc- ulated into 3-year-old potted chinese privet plants in cages under field conditions for 1 month. Plants exposed to high densities of adults were severely damaged and the aboveground portions of some were killed, while the survival rates of adult A. tsekooni were comparatively high. The amount of new growth of the main stem, the number of new leaves, and oven-dried biomass were significantly reduced by the combined feeding of larvae and adults. Above-ground plant mortality was 100% when plants were exposed to 24 and 30 adults/plant. In this study A. tsekooni had a significant negative impact on chinese privet growing in pots, which suggests that it may be a promising candidate for biological control of chinese privet in the field in North America.

关键词： biological control Chrysomelidae Coleoptera Oleaceae plant mortality,pre-release efficacy assessment

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Climate warming increases biodiversity of small rodents by favoring rare or less abundant species in a grassland ecosystem

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Integrative zoology 2013年第2期8卷 162-174页

作者： Guangshun jiang Jun LIU Lei XU Guirui YU Honglin HE Zhibin zhang College of Wildlife Resources Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Inner Mongolia Center for Endemic Diseases Control and Research HuhehotChina Information management Group for the Synthesis Center of chinese Ecosystem Research Network Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina state key laboratory of integrated management of pest insects and rodents in agriculture Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Our Earth is facing the challenge of accelerating climate change,which imposes a great threat to *** published studies suggest that climate warming may cause a dramatic decline in biodiversity,especially in colder and drier *** this study,we investigated the effects of temperature,precipitation and a normalized difference vegetation index on biodiversity indices of rodent communities in the current or previous year for both detrended and nondetrended data in semi-arid grassland of Inner Mongolia during *** results demonstrate that temperature showed predominantly positive effects on the biodiversity of small rodents;precipitation showed both positive and negative effects;a normalized difference vegetation index showed positive effects;and cross-correlation function values between rodent abundance and temperature were negatively correlated with rodent *** results suggest that recent climate warming increased the biodiversity of small rodents by providing more benefits to population growth of rare or less abundant species than that of more abundant species in Inner Mongolia grassland,which does not support the popular view that global warming would decrease biodiversity in colder and drier *** hypothesized that higher temperatures might benefit rare or less abundant species(with smaller populations and more folivorous diets)by reducing the probability of local extinction and/or by increasing herbaceous food resources.

关键词： climate change cross-correlation function rare species small mammal biodiversity time lag

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Effect of associated fungi on the immunocompetence of red turpentine beetle larvae, Dendroctonus valens （Coleoptera： Curculionidae： Scolytinae）

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Insect Science 2012年第5期19卷 579-584页

作者： zhang-Hong Shi Bo Wang Stephen R. Clarke jiang-Hua Sun state key laboratory of integrated management of pest insects and rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China USDA Forest Service FHP Lufkin Texas USA

Abstract Dendroctonus-fungus symbioses are often considered as the ideal model sys- tems to study the development and maintenance ofectosymbioses, and diverse interactions, including antagonism, commensalism and mutualism, have been documented between these organisms. The red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens LeConte （Coleoptera： Curculionidae： Scolytinae） is a pine-killing invasive beetle in northern china. Fungi species Ophiostoma minus, Leptographium sinoprocerum, L. terebrantis and L. procerum were associated with this bark beetle. Antagonistic interactions between D. valens and its as- sociated fungi, such as O. minus and L. sinoprocerum, have been demonstrated, but the underlying causes of this phenomenon are unknown. Here, we first found the two tested fungi species retarded the net weight gain of D. valens larvae after completing 3-day feeding on their media. Furthermore, we provide direct evidence indicating the effect of associated fungi on the immunocompetence olD. valens larvae to explain the documented antagonism. Our results showed that the activity of phenoloxidase and total phenoloxi- dase in D. valens larvae were significantly upregulated by two strains of associated fungi, O. minus and L. sinoprocerum as compared with the controls. The phenoloxidase ratio increased significantly in the larvae which had fed for 3 days on media inoculated with O. minus. Because insect immtme defenses are costly to be deployed, these results could be explored as one of the underlying mechanisms of the documented antagonism.

关键词： bark beetle ecological immunology fungi phenoloxidase symbiosis

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MicroRNA-dependent development revealed by RNA interference-mediated gene silencing of LmDicerl in the migratory locust

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Insect Science 2013年第1期20卷 53-60页

作者： Yan-Li Wang Mei-Ling Yang Feng jiang Jian-Zhen zhang Le Kang Research institute of Applied Biology Shanxi University Taiyuan state key laboratory of integrated management of pest insects and rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are small noncoding RNAs, which participate in many biological processes. The small RNA transcriptome in the migratory locust has been characterized and 50 conserved miRNA families and 185 potential locust-specific miRNA family candidates have been identified using high-throughput sequencing. However, it is unclear whether miRNAs influence a wide variety of locusts＇ biological processes, such as growth or development. In insects, Dicerl ribonuclease transforms miRNA precursors into mature miRNAs. Thus, using systemic RNA interference （RNAi） to silence the expression of Dicer1 in the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, we reduced miRNA contents in the locust and disrupted two types of molt （nymph-nymph, and nymph-adult）. The RNAi of LmDicerl also resulted in a high mortality in L. migratora. Our study revealed that LmDicerl was essential for miRNA regulation and development ofL. migratoria. These results further support our notion that LmDicerl could serve as an excellent target for developing novel strategies for controlling this important insect pest.

关键词： development dicerl Locusta migratoria microRNA

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Colonization patterns of the red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valans （Coleoptera： Curculionidae）, in the Luliang Mountains, china

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Insect Science 2008年第4期15卷 349-354页

作者： Zhudong Liu Longwa zhang zhanghong Shi Bo Wang Wan Qiang Tao jiang-hua Sun The state key laboratory of integrated management of pest insects and rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Anhui Agricultural University Hefei beijing Forest pest Control Station Beijing China

The alien red turpentine beetle （RTB）, Dendroctonus valens LeConte, is one of the most economically destructive forest pests in china, having killed more than 6 million pines in recent years. There is a need to understand the basic biology and ecology of the beetle in order to develop an effective monitoring and management strategy. In this study, the effects of hillside exposure （south- and north-facing）, host-tree locations according to relief （valley, mid-slope, and ridge-top） and tree diameters on RTB colonization were investigated in one valley （3 sites）. The results showed that （i） RTB clearly preferred colonizing pines growing on south-facing hillsides, especially in the valley; （ii） RTB preferred to colonize the pines growing at the valley rather than pines growing at mid-slope or on ridge-top; （iii） RTB preferred to colonize trees with large diameter over small and medium-sized pines; （iv） the attack density of RTBs （measured by pitch tubes/pine） was obviously higher on larger trees standing in the valley than other trees standing at other places. We conclude from RTB colonization patterns, that RTB prefers to attack large trees in the valley, which may be useful in developing a pest-management strategy.

关键词： colonization patterns Dendroctonus valens Pinus tabulaeformis tree diameter,tree exposure tree location according to relief

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Effects of bark beetle pheromones on the attraction of Monochamus alternatus to pine volatiles

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Insect Science 2010年第6期17卷 553-556页

作者： Jian-Ting Fan Daniel R. Miller Long-Wa zhang jiang-Hua Sun School of Forestry and Bio-technology Zhejiang Forestry University Lin'an Zhejiang Province China state key laboratory of integrated management of pest insects and rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Southern Research Station USDA Forest Service Athens Georgia USA School of Forestry and landscape Architecture Anhui Agriculture University Hefei China

We evaluated the attraction ofMonochamus alternatus Hope （Coleoptera： Cerambycidae）, Dryocoetes luteus Blandford and Orthotomicus erosus Wollaston （Coleoptera： Curculionidae： Scolytinae） to multiple-funnel traps baited with the pine volatiles, ethanol and （＋）-α-pinene and the bark beetle pheromones, ipsenol and ipsdienol. M. alternatus were attracted to traps baited with ethanol and （＋）-α-pinene but not those baited with ipsdienol and ipsenol. Ipsdienol and ipsenol decreased catches ofM. alternatus in traps baited with ethanol and （＋）-α-pinene. Traps baited with either binary combinations of ethanol and （＋）-α-pinene or ipsdienol and ipsenol were attractive to D. luteus and O. erosus. The addition of ipsenol and ipsdienol to traps baited with ethanol and （＋）-α-pinene synergized attraction of O. erosus but not D. luteus .

关键词： bark beetle pheromones Dryocoetes luteus Monochamus alternatus Orthotomicus erosus pine volatiles

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Comparative analysis of the Monochamus alternatus immune system

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Insect Science 2018年第4期25卷 581-603页

作者： Jiao Zhou Hai-Ying Yu Wei zhang Faheem Ahmad Song-Nian Hu Li-Lin Zhao Zhen Zou jiang-Hua Sun state key laboratory of integrated management of pest insects and rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China CAS key laboratory of Genome sciences and Information Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Biosciences COMSA TS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

The pine sawyer beetle, Monochamus alternatus, is regarded as a notorious for- est pest in Asia, vectoring an invasive pathogenic nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, which is known to cause pine wilt disease. However, little sequence information is available for this vector beetle. This hampered the research on its immune system. Based on the transcriptome of M. alternatus, we have identified and characterized 194 immunity-related genes in M. alternatus, and compared them with homologues molecules from other species known to exhibit immune responses against invading microbes. The lower number of puta- tive immunity-related genes in M. alternatus were attributed to fewer C-type lectin, serine protease （SP） and anti-microbial peptide （AMP） genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that M. alternatus had a unique recognition gene, galectin3, orthologues of which were not identified in Tribolium castaneum, Drosophila melanogastor, Anopheles gambiae and Apis mellifera. This suggested a lineage-specific gene evolution for coleopteran insects. Our study provides the comprehensive sequence resources of the immunity-related genes ofM. alternatus, presenting valuable information for better understanding of the molecular mechanism of innate immunity processes in M. alternatus against B. xylophilus.

关键词： Bursaphelenchus xylophilus expression profiling insect immunity Monochamus alternatus serine protease transcriptome

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Evaluation of Beauveria bassiana （Hyphomycetes） isolates as potential agents for control of Dendroctonus valens

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Insect Science 2011年第2期18卷 209-216页

作者： Long-Wa zhang Yu-Jun Liu Jian Yao Bin Wang Bo Huang Zeng-Zhi Li Mei-Zhen Fan jiang-Hua Sun Anhui Provincial key laboratory of Microbial pest Control Anhui Agricultural University Heifei Anhui Entry-Exit Inspection and Quaran- tine Bureau Hefei state key laboratory of integrated management Agricultural pest & rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The red turpentine beetle （RTB）, Dendroctonus valens LeConte, as a destructive invasive pest, has become one of the most economically important forest pest in china. Effective control measures are desperately needed. Entomopathogenic fungi, such as Beauveria bassiana, have shown great potential for the management of some bark beetle species. In this study, 12 isolates of B. bassiana from bark beetle were examined for biological characteristics and virulence, to assess their potential as biocontrol agents for RTB. There were significant differences （at P = 0.05） in colony growth rate, conidial yield, conidial germination, tolerance to UV light and extracellular proteases activity among the tested B. bassiana isolates. Isolates, including Bbl801, Bb1906, Bb789 and Bb773, exhibited the best characteristics, because they have faster hyphal growth rate, higher spore production and faster spore germination, higher UV tolerance and protease （Prl） production. The results of a pathogenicity test ofB. bassiana on RTB larvae showed that most isolates of B. bassiana have demonstrated high efficacy and the highest virulent isolate was Bb 1801, which killed 100% of the treated insects and had a median lethal time （LT50） of 4.60 days at a concentration of 1 ×107 conidia/mL. Therefore, isolate Bb1801 has a great potential for sustainable control of RTB in the forest. The correlation between biological characteristics and virulence of the fungal isolates is discussed and the possibility of combination of entomopathogenic fungi with semiochemicals, as one of the promising strategy for RTB control, is considered.

关键词： Beauveria bassiana biological characteristics microbial control Dendroctonus valens virulence

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Differential immune responses of Monochamus alternatus against symbiotic and entomopathogenic fungi

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Science china(Life sciences) 2017年第8期60卷 902-910页

作者： Wei zhang Jie Meng Jing Ning Peijun Qin Jiao Zhou Zhen Zou Yanhong Wang Hong jiang Faheem Ahmad Lilin Zha jianghua Sun state key laboratory of integrated management of pest insects and rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Biosciences COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyIslamabad 45550Pakistan College of Life Science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China

Monochamus alternatus, the main vector beetles of invasive pinewood nematode, has established a symbiotic relationship with a native ectotrophic fungal symbiont, Sporothrix sp. 1, in china. The immune response ofM. alternatus to S. sp. 1 in the coexistence of beetles and fungi is, however, unknown. Here, we report that immune responses ofM. alternatus pupae to infection caused by ectotrophic symbiotic fungus S. sp. 1 and entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana differ significantly. The S. sp. 1 did not kill the beetles while B. bassiana killed all upon injection. The transcriptome results showed that the numbers of differentially expressed genes in M. aIternatus infected with S. sp. 1 were 2-fold less than those infected with B. bassiana at 48 hours post infection. It was noticed that Toll and IMD pathways played a leading role in the beetle＇s immune system when infected by symbiotic fungus, but upon infection by entomopathogenic fimgus, only the Toll pathway gets triggered actively. Furthermore, the beetles could tolerate the infection of symbiotic fungi by retracing their Toll and IMD pathways at 48 h. This study provided a comprehensive sequence resource ofM. alternatus transcriptome for further study of the immune interactions between host and associated fungi.

关键词： Monochamus alternatus symbiotic fungus Beauveria bassiana RNA-seq immune signaling pathway

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