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The rise and potential of large language model based agents:a survey

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 15-58页

作者： Zhiheng XI Wenxiang CHEN xin guo wei HE Yiwen DING Boyang hong ming zhang Junzhe WANG Senjie JIN Enyu ZHOU Rui ZHENG Xiaoran FAN Xiao WANG Limao xiong Yuhao ZHOU weiran WANG Changhao jiang Yicheng ZOU Xiangyang LIU zhangyue YIN Shihan DOU Rongxiang WENG Wenjuan QIN Yongyan ZHENG Xipeng QIU Xuanjing HUANG Qi zhang Tao GUI School of Computer Science Fudan University College of Foreign Languages and Literature Fudan University Meituan Institute of Modern Languages and Linguistics Fudan University

For a long time, researchers have sought artificial intelligence(AI) that matches or exceeds human *** agents, which are artificial entities capable of sensing the environment, making decisions, and taking actions, are seen as a means to achieve this goal. Extensive efforts have been made to develop AI agents, with a primary focus on refining algorithms or training strategies to enhance specific skills or particular task performance. The field, however, lacks a sufficiently general and powerful model to serve as a foundation for building general agents adaptable to diverse scenarios. With their versatile capabilities, large language models(LLMs) pave a promising path for the development of general AI agents, and substantial progress has been made in the realm of LLM-based agents. In this article, we conduct a comprehensive survey on LLM-based agents, covering their construction frameworks, application scenarios, and the exploration of societies built upon LLM-based agents. We also conclude some potential future directions and open problems in this flourishing field.

关键词： natural language processing large language models LLM-based agents AI agents agent society

The GECAM ground search system for gamma-ray transients

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第3期68卷 161-174页

作者： Ce Cai Yan-Qiu zhang Shao-Lin xiong Ping Wang Jian-Hui Li Xiao-Bo Li Cheng-Kui Li Yue Huang Shi-Jie Zheng Li-ming Song Shuo Xiao Qi-Bin Yi Yi Zhao Sheng-Lun Xie Rui Qiao Yan-Qi du Zhi-wei guo Wang-Chen Xue Chao Zheng Jia-Cong Liu Chen-wei Wang Wen-Jun Tan Yue Wang Jin-Peng zhang Chao-Yang Li guo-Ying Zhao Xiao-Yun Zhao Xiao-Lu zhang Zhen zhang Wen-Xi Peng Xiang Ma Jing-Yan Shi Dong-Ya guo Jin Wang xin-Qiao Li Xiang-Yang Wen Zheng-Hua An Fan zhang College of Physics and Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang050024China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Physics and Electronic Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang550001China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang550001China School of Physics and Optoelectronics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105China School of Computer and Information Dezhou UniversityDezhou253023China Institute of Astrophysics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China

In the era of time-domain,multi-messenger astronomy,the detection of transient events on the high-energy electromagnetic sky has become more important than *** gravitational wave high-energy electromagnetic counterpart all-sky monitor(GECAM)is a dedicated mission to monitor gamma-ray transients,launched in December,2020.A real-time on-board trigger and location software,using the traditional signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)method for blind search,is constrained to relatively bright signals due to the limitations in on-board computing resources and the need for real-time *** this work,we developed a ground-based pipeline for GECAM to search for various transients,especially for weak bursts missed by on-board *** pipeline includes both automatic and manual mode,offering options for blind search and targeted *** targeted search is specifically designed to search for interesting weak bursts,such as gravitational wave-associated gamma-ray bursts(GRBs).From the ground search of the data in the first year,GECAM has been triggered by 54 GRBs and other transients,including soft gamma-ray repeaters,X-ray binaries,solar flares,terrestrial gamma-ray *** report the properties of each type of triggers,such as trigger time and light *** this search pipeline and assuming a soft Band spectrum,the GRB detection sensitivity of GECAM is increased to about 1.1×10^(-8)erg cm^(-2)s^(-1)(10-1000 ke V,burst duration of 20 s).These results demonstrate that the GECAM ground search system(both blind search and targeted search)is a versatile pipeline to recover true astrophysical signals which were too weak to be found in the on-board search.

关键词： gamma-ray sources gravitational waves data analysis gamma-ray telescopes

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Tauroursodeoxycholic acid targets HSP90 to promote protein homeostasis and extends healthy lifespan

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 416-430页

作者： Jia-Yu Liu Yao Wang Yue guo Run-Qi Zheng Yun-Ying Wang Yan-Yan Shen Yan-hong Liu Ai-Ping Cao Rui-Bo Wang Bo-Yang Xie Shuai jiang Qiu-Ying Han Jing Chen Fang-Ting Dong Kun He Na Wang xin Pan Tao Li Tao Zhou Ai-Ling Li Qing Xia wei-Na zhang Nanhu Laboratory National Center of Biomedical AnalysisBeijing 100850China

As the elderly population expands,the pursuit of therapeutics to reduce morbidity and extend lifespan has become increasingly *** an FDA-approved drug for chronic cholestatic liver diseases,tauroursodeoxycholic acid(TUDCA),a natural bile acid,offers additional health benefits beyond liver ***,we show that TUDCA extends the lifespan and healthspan of ***,oral supplementation of TUDCA improves fitness in old mice,including clinically relevant phenotypes,exercise capacity and cognitive ***,TUDCA treatment drives broad transcriptional changes correlated with anti-aging ***,we discover that TUDCA targets the chaperone HSP90 to promote its protein refolding *** collaboration further alleviates aging-induced endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress and facilitates protein homeostasis,thus offering resistance to *** summary,our findings uncover new molecular links between an endogenous metabolite and protein homeostasis,and propose a novel anti-aging strategy that could improve both lifespan and healthspan.

关键词： tauroursodeoxycholic acid lifespan healthspan protein homeostasis

Recent progress on surface chemistryⅡ:Property and characterization

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 8-57页

作者： xin Li Zhen Xu Donglei Bu Jinming Cai Huamei Chen Qi Chen Ting Chen Fang Cheng Lifeng Chi Wenjie Dong Zhenchao Dong Shixuan du Qitang Fan xing Fan Qiang Fu Song Gao Jing guo weijun guo Yang He Shimin Hou Ying jiang Huihui Kong Baojun Li Dengyuan Li Jie Li Qing Li Ruoning Li Shuying Li Yuxuan Lin Mengxi Liu Peinian Liu Yanyan Liu Jingtao Lü Chuanxu Ma Haoyang Pan JinLiang Pan minghu Pan Xiaohui Qiu Ziyong Shen Qiang Sun Shijing Tan Bing Wang Dong Wang Li Wang Lili Wang Tao Wang Xiang Wang xingyue Wang Xueyan Wang Yansong Wang Yu Wang Kai Wu wei Xu Na Xue Linghao Yan Fan Yang Zhiyong Yang Chi zhang Xue zhang Yang zhang Yao zhang xiong Zhou Junfa Zhu Yajie zhang Feixue Gao Yongfeng Wang Center for Carbon-based Electronics and Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices School of ElectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Spin-X Institute School of MicroelectronicsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 511442China School of Materials and Energy Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage DevicesGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China i-Lab CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and DevicesSuzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays&jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced MaterialsJiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced MaterialsNanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Physics&University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China College of Chemistry Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS) College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School

Surface with well-defined components and structures possesses unique electronic,magnetic,optical and chemical *** a result,surface chemistry research plays a crucial role in various fields such as catalysis,energy,materials,quantum,and *** science mainly investigates the correspondence between surface property and *** probe microscopy(SPM)techniques are important tools to characterize surface properties because of the capability of atomic-scale imaging,spectroscopy and manipulation at the single-atom *** this review,we summarize recent advances in surface electronic,magnetic and optical properties characterized mainly by SPM-based *** focus on elucidating theπ-magnetism in graphene-based nanostructures,construction of spin qubits on surfaces,topology properties of surface organic structures,STM-based light emission,tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and integration of machine learning in SPM studies.

关键词： Surface chemistry Scanning probe microscopy π-Magnetism Spin qubits Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Research landmarks on the 60th anniversary of Epstein-Barr virus

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 354-380页

作者： Lan-Yi Zhong Chu Xie Le-Le zhang Yan-Lin Yang Yuan-Tao Liu Ge-xin Zhao guo-Long Bu Xian-Shu Tian Zi-Ying jiang Bo-Yu Yuan Peng-Lin Li Pei-Huang Wu wei-Hua Jia Christian Münz Benjamin E.Gewurz Qian Zhong Cong Sun Mu-Sheng Zeng State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060China Viral Immunobiology Institute of Experimental ImmunologyUniversity of ZürichZürich 8092Switzerland Division of Infectious Diseases Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalBoston MA 02115USA Department of Microbiology Harvard Medical SchoolBoston MA 02115USA Harvard Program in Virology Boston MA 02115USA Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA 02142USA

Epstein-Barr virus(EBV),the first human oncovirus discovered in 1964,has become a focal point in virology,immunology,and oncology because of its unique biological characteristics and significant role in human *** we commemorate the 60th anniversary of EBV's discovery,it is an opportune moment to reflect on the major advancements in our understanding of this complex *** this review,we highlight key milestones in EBV research,including its virion structure and life cycle,interactions with the host immune system,association with EBV-associated diseases,and targeted intervention strategies.

关键词： Epstein-Barr virus oncovirus immune response epidemiology vaccines antibodies

Prevalence of malnutrition among adult inpatients in China:a nationwide cross-sectional study

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Yan Liu Chunhua Song Xue Wang Xianghua Ma Pianhong zhang Gaiyun Chen Zhenqian Cheng Juying Liu Ying Yao Wenjun Ma Zengning Li Ping Sun Fan Lin weilian Hou Ting Han Ying zhang min Weng Wanying Shi Dagang Yang Ji Feng Junqiang Chen Li Li Hua jiang hongxia Xu Ruifang guo Ying Liu Xiaopan Chen Qian Zhao Yumei Qi Qiang Chi Rong Liu Rui xiong Tiantian Wu Shangfeng Tang Shuyan guo wei Chen Department of Clinical Nutrition The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University Department of Clinical Nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Department of Clinical Nutrition Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Provincial Hospital Department of Clinical Nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of China Department of Clinical Nutrition Shanghai Tenth People’s HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Department of Clinical Nutrition Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Department of Clinical Nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Department of Clinical Nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Department of Clinical Nutrition Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Department of Clinical Nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Institute for Emergency and Disaster Medicine Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China Department of Clinical Nutrition Daping HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital Jilin People’s Hospital (Jilin) The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University Department of Clinical Nutrition Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region People’s Hospital Department of Clinical Nutrition Tianjin Third Central Hospital The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Department of Epidemiology and Statistics College of Public HealthZhengzhou University The First Hospital of Lanzhou University Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital School of Medicine and Health Management Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong Uni

Malnutrition substantially contributes to adverse clinical ***,no national survey has been conducted to characterize its epidemiology in hospital settings in *** conducted the China Nutrition Fundamental Data 2020 project among a multistage stratified cluster sample of adult inpatients from 291 study sites across 30 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities(except for hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan Province,and the Xizang Autonomous Region,please see MATERIALS AND METHODS for details of the causes) of China to generate reliable data on the prevalence of malnutrition and explore the associated risk *** collected information on participants' sociodemographic characteristics,physical examinations,and laboratory test *** was defined according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition(GLIM) *** standardized prevalence of malnutrition was calculated,and factors associated with malnutrition were examined using logistic regression *** included 54,652 individuals with seven systemic diseases who completed all the survey documents in the final *** overall prevalence of malnutrition was 12.5%,representing 7.6 million adult inpatients in *** prevalence of malnutrition was higher in men,individuals aged≥60 years,residents of central and western regions,people from lower economic areas,and those with lower education levels than in women,individuals agedduals from higher economic areas,and those with higher education *** with higher disease severity scores,infectious diseases,and neoplasms had a higher tendency for malnutrition than those without such ***,age,region,economic level,education level,disease severity score,infectious diseases,and neoplasms were independently associated with *** conclusion,malnutrition is prevalent among Chinese adult inpatients,necessitating national-and hospital-level *** surv

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Comparative Study on Solid-State and Metastable Liquid-State Aging for SAC305/Cu Joints

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第5期32卷 629-637页

作者： Shuang Li Xiao-Wu Hu wei-guo zhang Yu-Long Li xiong-xin jiang Key Lab for Robot and Welding Automation of jiangxi Province Mechanical and Electrical Engineering SchoolNanchang University College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F University

In order to study the in?uence of the physical state of solder on the interfacial reaction of dip-soldered Sn-3.0 Ag-0.5 Cu/Cu system, two kinds of experiments were designed, including:(1) solid-state aging between the solder and Cu substrate;(2)liquid-state aging between the metastable supercooled liquid-state solder and Cu substrate. The aging times were 30, 60,120 and 180 min, respectively, and the aging temperature was 8 ℃ lower than the melting point of the Sn-3.0 Ag-0.5 Cu(SAC305) alloy(217 ℃). The experimental data revealed that the physical state of the solder obviously affected the formation of the intermetallic compound(IMC), and resulted in the difference in the diffusion of atoms on the interface between the SAC305 solder and Cu substrate. The IMC interface after aging for 30 min presents unique characteristics compared with that of the sample after dip soldering. The IMC interface of solid-state aged SAC305/Cu couple is relatively planar, while the IMC interface under metastable supercooled liquid-state aging conditions presents scallop-like shape.

关键词： Lead-free solder Supercooling Metastable liquid state Aging Intermetallic compound

Dynamics and rebound behavior analysis of flexible tethered satellite system in deployment and station-keeping phases

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第3期18卷 509-523页

作者： Yue zhang xin jiang Zheng-feng Bai Jia-wen guo Cheng wei School of Space Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi'an710126China School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China Department of Mechanical Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai264209China

The tether deployment of a tethered satellite system involves the consideration of complex dynamic properties of the tether,such as large deformation,slack,and even rebound,and therefore,the dynamic modelling of the tether is necessary for performing a dynamic analysis of the *** a variablelength tether element,the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)in the framework of the arbitrary Lagrange-Euler(ALE)description was used to develop a precise dynamic model of a tethered *** model considered the gravitational gradient force and Coriolis force in the orbital coordinate frame,and it was validated through numerical *** the presence of dynamic constraints,a deployment velocity of the tether was obtained by an optimal *** the simulation,rebound behavior of the tethered satellite system was observed when the ANCF-ALE model was ***,the rebound behavior cannot be predicted by the traditional dumbbell ***,an improved optimal deployment velocity was *** results indicated that the rebound phenomenon was eliminated,and smooth deployment as well as a stable state of the station-keeping process were ***,the swing amplitude in the station-keeping phase decreased when a deployment strategy based on the improved optimal deployment velocity was used.

关键词： Tethered satellite system Dynamic model Rebound Deployment ANCF-ALE

Optimization of sgRNA expression strategy to generate multiplex gene-edited pigs

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Zoological Research 2022年第6期43卷 1005-1008页

作者： Ju-Qing zhang Jian-xiong guo Xiao-Jie Wu Yu Wang wei Yue Zhuo-Hui Li wei Wang xin-Fang wei Xiao-Long Wu Qiao-Yan Shen An-min Lei hong-jiang wei Jin-Lian Hua College of Veterinary Medicine Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering&TechnologyNorthwest A&F University State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan Yunnan Agricultural University College of Animal Sciences&Technology Northwest A&F University National Institute of Biological Sciences

DEAR EDITOR,The use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology to breed polygenicmodified animals with desired traits holds great promise in agriculture and biomedicine. However, as most studies are based on human and mouse models, whether different single guide RNA(sg RNA) expression strategies affect multiplex gene-editing efficiency in domestic animals remains elusive.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 holds desired