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Edible prodelphinidins that improve postprandial hyperglycemia were first discovered in Chinese bayberry(Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) fruits

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yi Wang laiming zhang Jiaxiong Wu Chengxiao Yu Xingqian Ye Haibo Pan Shiguo Chen Ningbo Research Institute， Zhejiang University College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science，Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing， Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology， Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control， Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta， Zhejiang University

Plant polyphenols are potential substitutes for clinical α-glucosidase inhibitors. Our previous studies indicated that prodelphinidins from Chinese bayberry leaves (BLPs) have stronger α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than other common polyphenols， but they have no safe history of consumption. There is a reasonable prospect that prodelphinidins from Chinese bayberry fruits (BFPs) can improve postprandial hyperglycemia， though known active components are only myricetin and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside. Hence， the aim of this study was to analyze structure and hypoglycemic effect of BFPs of “Biqi” (BQPs) and “Dongkui” (DKPs) cultivars， and compare their difference with BLPs. The contents of BQPs and DKPs were (221.73±0.60) and (136.82±4.33) mg EC equivalents/g dry weight， respectively. The most subunits were EGCG along with a small amount of EGC， ECG and EC connected by B-type linkages and a small portion of A-type linkages with mean polymerization degree of 4.25 and 4.08， respectively. Importantly， BQPs and DKPs were α-glucosidase inhibitors with IC50of 11.91 and 9.47 μg/mL respectively， which were significantly stronger than BLPs. DKPs could also improve postprandial hyperglycemia of normal mice and high fat diet-induced type Ⅱ diabetic mice. Therefore， edible prodelphinidins， which have stronger hypoglycemic effect than BLPs， were first found in Chinese bayberry fruits.

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Accclerating thc Devclopmcnt of New Quality Productive Forces with a Focus on High-Quality Development

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Qiu Shi 2024年第3期16卷 41-50页

作者： zhang laiming Development Research Center of the State Council

Gaining a sound understanding of new quality productive forces and accelerating their development holds important theoretical and practical significance for high-quality development.

关键词： Focus holds Quality

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A rapid method for extraction,purification and structure analysis of chondroitin sulfate from six marine tissues

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Food Quality and Safety 2023年第1期7卷 20-29页

作者： Yuying Wang Shokouh Ahmadi Chengxiao Yu laiming zhang Xinxin Hu Xingqian Ye Shiguo Chen College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and EquipmentZhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food ProcessingZhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and EquipmentZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute ZhengzhouChina Shandong(Linyi)Institute of Modern Agriculture Zhejiang UniversityLinliChina Fuli Institute of Food Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Ningbo Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

This study was designed to establish a strategy for the extraction,purification,and structure analysis of chondroitin sulfate(cs)in milligram *** acidic polysaccharides were extracted from six kinds of marine animals by enzymatic hydrolysis and hexadecylpyridinium chloride precipitation and purified by Q Sepharose Fast Flow strong anion exchange *** purification of each crude polysaccharide was completed within 1 *** structure of the polysaccharides,*** chemical characterization,functional group,molecular weight and monosaccharide composition,were analyzed by colorimetry,nuclear magnetic resonace and high-performance liquid chromatogrpahy,*** polysaccharides were identified as *** oligosaccharide profile produced by enzyme hydrolysis of polysaccharides was determined by strong anion-exchange high-performance liquid *** method can be widely applied to the extraction and characterization of chondroitin sulfate from unknown raw materials,screening high-quality sources of functional polysaccharides,and laying a good foundation for thefollowing studyof the structure-function relationshipof polysaccharides.

关键词： Chondroitin sulfate marinepolysaccharide disaccharide analysis

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Patterns and drivers of seasonal water sources for artificial sand-fixing plants in the northeastern Mu Us sandy land,Northwest China

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 63-77页

作者： Yanwu PEI laiming HUANG Ming'an SHAO Jiao WANG Yinglong zhang Yellow River Delta Modern Agricultural Engineering Laboratory Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYangling 712100China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Shenmu Ecological Association Shenmu 719399China

Understanding plant water-use patterns is important for improving water-use efficiency and for sustainable vegetation restoration in arid and semi-arid regions. However, seasonal variations in water sources and their control by different sand-fixing plants in water-limited desert ecosystems remain poorly understood. In this study, stable isotopic ratios of hydrogen(δ^(2)H) and oxygen(δ^(18)O) in precipitation, soil water, groundwater, and xylem water were determined to document seasonal changes in water uptake by three representative plant species(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv., Amygdalus pedunculata Pall., and Salix psammophila) in the northeastern Mu Us sandy land, Northwest China. Based on the depth distribution and temporal variation of measured gravimetric soil water content(SWC), the soil water profile of the three species stands was divided into active(0.01 g g^(-1)45%) layers. Annually, P. sylvestris, A. pedunculata, and S. psammophila obtained most water from deep(59.2%±9.7%, moist layer and groundwater),intermediate(57.4%±9.8%, stable and moist layers), and shallow(54.4%±10.5%, active and stable layers) sources, respectively. Seasonally, the three plant species absorbed more than 60% of their total water uptake from the moist layer and groundwater in the early(June) dry season;then, they switched to the active and stable layers in the rainy season(July–September) for water resources(50.1%–62.5%). In the late(October–November) dry season, P. sylvestris(54.5%–66.2%) and A. pedunculata(52.9%–63.6%) mainly used water from stable and moist layers, whereas S. psammophila(52.6%–70.7%) still extracted water predominantly from active and stable layers. Variations in the soil water profile induced by seasonal fluctuations in precipitation and groundwater levels and discrepancies in plant pheno

关键词： desert ecosystem MixSIAR model plant water uptake soil moisture stable isotopes vegetation restoration water-use efficiency

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Quantitative Expression of Paleogeographic Information Based on Big Data

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第S01期93卷 83-85页

作者： ZHAO Yingquan ZHONG Hanting XU Shenglin HOU Mingcai HU Xiumian zhang Lei GAO Yuan zhang laiming LIU Yu CAO Haiyang MU Caineng CAI Pengcheng Institute of Sedimentary Geology State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation(Chengdu University of Technology)Chengdu 610059China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization&Sedimentary Minerals Qingdao 266510China State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit Research School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology School of Earth Sciences and ResourcesChina University of Geosciences BeijingBeijing 100083China

Paleogeographic analysis accounts for an essential part of geological research,making important contributions in the reconstruction of depositional environments and tectonic evolution histories(Ingalls et al.,2016;Merdith et al.,2017),the prediction of mineral resource distributions in continental sedimentary basins(Sun and Wang,2009),and the investigation of climate patterns and ecosystems(Cox,2016).

关键词： paleogeography big data sedimentology Deep-time Digital Earth(DDE)

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Climate paleogeography knowledge graph and deep time paleoclimate classifications

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第5期14卷 362-372页

作者： Chenmin Yu laiming zhang Mingcai Hou Jianghai Yang Hanting Zhong Chengshan Wang State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology School of the Earth Science and ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications MNR&Institute of Sedimentary GeologyChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Institute of Sedimentary GeologyChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The climate paleogeography,especially the climate classifications,helps to interpret the global and regional climate changes and intuitively compare the climate conditions in different ***,the application of climate classification in deep time(i.e.,climate paleogeography)is prohibited due to the usually qualitatively constrained paleoclimate and the inconsistent descriptions and semantic heterogeneity of the climate *** this study,a climate paleogeography knowledge graph is established under the framework of the Deep-Time Digital Earth program(DDE).The hierarchical knowledge graph consists of five paleoclimate classifications based on various *** classifications are described and their strengths and weaknesses are fully evaluated in four aspects:“simplicity,applicability,quantifiability,and comparability”.We also reconstruct the global climate distributions in the Late Cretaceous according to these *** results are compared and the relationships among these climate types in different classifications are *** study unifies scientific concepts from different paleoclimate classifications,which provides an important theoretical basis for the application of paleoclimate classifications in deep time.

关键词： Climate paleogeography Knowledge graph Paleoclimate classification Deep-Time Digital Earth program

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中等收入国家成长为高收入国家的基本做法与思考

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管理世界 2021年第2期37卷 1-11页

作者：张来明国务院发展研究中心

"十四五"时期是我国迈向高收入国家的关键阶段。第二次世界大战后,世界100多个中等收入经济体中,有36个国家及地区曾由中等收入成长为高收入,其中部分国家又退回中等收入乃至低收入。这些国家在产业转型、技术创新、人力资本、金融体系... 详细信息

"十四五"时期是我国迈向高收入国家的关键阶段。第二次世界大战后,世界100多个中等收入经济体中,有36个国家及地区曾由中等收入成长为高收入,其中部分国家又退回中等收入乃至低收入。这些国家在产业转型、技术创新、人力资本、金融体系、政府调控、收入分配及参与全球贸易等方面取得了成功。相反,其他一些国家没能实现经济的可持续增长,落入中等收入陷阱。本文基于世界银行数据库,考察了若干国家近50年来经济社会发展方面的经验教训,结合当前我国经济发展阶段,提出促进产业转型升级、加快技术进步创新、加大人力资本投资、保障金融体系安全、加快市场化改革和政府治理改革、缩小收入分配差距及扩大对外开放等7个方面的思考,为我国迈向高收入国家提供案例经验参考。

关键词：中等收入国家高收入国家中等收入陷阱成长经验

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以国家治理体系和治理能力现代化保证和推进中国社会主义现代化

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管理世界 2022年第5期38卷 1-5页

作者：张来明国务院发展研究中心

推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的客观要求,也是高质量发展和高品质生活的重要保障,在我国社会主义现代化全局中具有重要地位。我国国家制度和国家治理体系是经过革命、建设、改革长期实践形成的,是理... 详细信息

推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的客观要求,也是高质量发展和高品质生活的重要保障,在我国社会主义现代化全局中具有重要地位。我国国家制度和国家治理体系是经过革命、建设、改革长期实践形成的,是理论创新、实践创新、制度创新相统一的成果,具有多方面显著优势。在全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程上,要从13个方面突出坚持和完善中国特色社会主义的根本制度、基本制度、重要制度,构建系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系,把我国制度优势更好转化为国家治理效能,为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供有力保证。

关键词：国家治理体系和治理能力现代化显著优势国家治理效能

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松辽盆地国际大陆科学钻探:白垩纪恐龙时代陆相地质记录

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地学前缘 2024年第1期31卷 412-430,511-534页

作者：王成善高远王璞珺吴怀春吕庆田朱永宜万晓樵邹长春黄永建高有峰席党鹏王稳石贺怀宇冯子辉杨光邓成龙张来明王天天胡滨崔立伟彭诚余恩晓黄何杨柳毋正轩中国地质大学(北京)生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室北京100083 中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院北京100083 吉林大学地球科学学院吉林长春130026 中国地质大学(北京)海洋学院北京100083 中国地质科学院北京100037 中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所河北廊坊065000 中国地质大学(北京)地球物理与信息技术学院北京100083 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化国家重点实验室北京100029 中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院黑龙江大庆163712 中国石油吉林油田分公司勘探部吉林松原138000 中国地质大学(北京)科学研究院北京100083 中国地质调查局自然资源实物地质资料中心河北廊坊101149 海南野火科技有限公司海南海口570100 成都理工大学沉积地质研究院四川成都610059

过去一百年地球的气候持续变暖,未来地球可能进入两极无冰的温室气候状态。白垩纪是深时典型的温室气候时期,认识白垩纪气候对于理解过去和预测未来气候变化均有重要意义。松辽盆地国际大陆科学钻探以研究白垩纪陆地气候与环境演变、探... 详细信息

过去一百年地球的气候持续变暖,未来地球可能进入两极无冰的温室气候状态。白垩纪是深时典型的温室气候时期,认识白垩纪气候对于理解过去和预测未来气候变化均有重要意义。松辽盆地国际大陆科学钻探以研究白垩纪陆地气候与环境演变、探索大规模陆相有机质富集机理为科学目标,在国际大陆科学钻探计划ICDP框架下,成为全球第一口钻穿白垩纪陆相地层的大陆科学钻探井。项目历时16年,以超97%的取心率获得连续完整的8187 m岩心,建立了松辽盆地陆相白垩系高精度年代地层框架,重建了松辽盆地白垩纪多时间尺度陆地气候旋回与气候事件,揭示了白垩纪湖海平面波动机理,确认了松辽盆地发生过海侵事件。松辽盆地国际大陆科学钻探推动了全球地质学家合作研究白垩纪温室气候,带动了一系列高水平学术成果的产出,为松辽盆地油气勘探可持续发展提供了重要科学支撑,产生了显著的社会效益和重大的国际与国内影响。松辽盆地国际大陆科学钻探代表了探索深时的一个具有里程碑意义的阶段。可以预见,未来借助科学钻探,人类会不断增强对深时气候环境演化等方面的认识。

关键词：国际大陆科学钻探计划松辽盆地白垩纪古气候年代地层格架海侵事件

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CO_2激光差频GaSe晶体产生太赫兹波的数值计算

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红外与激光工程 2013年第5期42卷 1223-1227页

作者：姜可谢冀江张来明骆聪中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所激光与物质相互作用国家重点实验室吉林长春130033 中国科学院大学北京100049

以可调谐CO2激光差频非线性GaSe晶体为例，在共线相位匹配方式下，计算了oe—e和oe—o两种相位匹配方式下的角度调谐特性、有效非线性系数、走离角和允许角。结果表明：GaSe晶体可产生73．84～3000μm的太赫兹波，且有效非线性系数为4l-... 详细信息

以可调谐CO2激光差频非线性GaSe晶体为例，在共线相位匹配方式下，计算了oe—e和oe—o两种相位匹配方式下的角度调谐特性、有效非线性系数、走离角和允许角。结果表明：GaSe晶体可产生73．84～3000μm的太赫兹波，且有效非线性系数为4l-54pm／V；走离角在1．771°～10．63°之间；所允许的最大发散角为13．95～94．7μm·rad，对入射光的方向性要求较高。对于500μm以上的太赫兹波，两种匹配方式除有效非线性系数外没有大的区别。模拟结果对于开展基于激光差频技术产生太赫兹的研究具有重要的指导意义。

关键词：差频太赫兹 CO2激光 GaSe晶体相位匹配

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