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A MULTI-PERIOD PRICING AND INVENTORY CONTROL MODEL

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2010年第2期23卷 249-260页

作者： juliang zhang Jian CHEN Department of Logistics Management School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044 China. Department of Management Science and Engineering School of Economics and Management Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China.

The authors analyze a finite horizon,single product,period review model in which pricingand inventory decisions are made *** in different periods are random variablesthat are independent of each other and their distributions depend on the product *** andordering decisions are made at the beginning of each period and all shortage are *** is a convex function of the amount *** objective is to find an inventory and pricing policymaximizing expected discounted profit over the finite *** authors characterize the structure ofthe optimal combined pricing and inventory strategy for this ***,the authors demonstratehow the profit-to-go function,order up to level,reorder point and optimal price change with respectto state and time.

关键词： Convex cost function planning horizon pricing stochastic inventory management uncertainty.

How do Normal Traders and Sharp Traders Make Profits in the Chinese Security Market?

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2020年第2期29卷 203-234页

作者： Mingyang zhang juliang zhang TCECheng Guowei Hua Department of Management Science and Engineering School of Economics and ManagementBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Management Science and Engineering School of Economics and ManagementBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Department of Logistics and Maritime Studies The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SAR

In this paper,we consider the strategic interaction between the normal and sharp traders in a dynamic limit-order security market and its impact on the Chinese security market at different market volatility *** find that when the proportion of sharp traders is less than a threshold in an orderdriven market,the sharp traders who submit limit orders will get more returns than the normal *** participation of sharp traders in the market can increase the total social welfare of all the *** addition,we show that:(1)when the market volatility level is generally low,the short-term sharp traders benefit from larger volatility;(2)when the market volatility level is generally high,the insider/cheating sharp traders with high-frequent trading rather than the short-term sharp traders benefit from extreme high volatility;(3)when the market volatility level is moderate,the sharp traders can increase market liquidity.

关键词： Sharp trader order-driven market limit-order strategic interaction

COORDINATING PRICING AND INVENTORY DECISIONS IN A BOUNDED PRODUCTION SYSTEM WITH UNCERTAIN YIELD

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2010年第4期19卷 481-495页

作者： juliang zhang Yongjian LI Minghui LAI Department of Logistics Management School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong University Business School Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China

Most inventory researches assume that production level can fluctuate arbitrarily. However, large fluctuation of the production level in many firms may be much costly. This paper addresses the coordinating pricing and inventory control problem in a bounded production system with uncertain yield, in which the production level is constrained between a maximum and minimum level in each period and the price can be adjusted dynamically. We show that the optimal policy is the interval base-stock-list-price policy. Also, we study the impact of the production bounds and uncertainty of the yield on the production system. Numerical experiments are also performed to study the impact of parameters on the system.

关键词： Production system dynamic pricing inventory control uncertain yield

The Impacts of Drug Price Regulations in China

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2019年第6期28卷 674-693页

作者： Yi Liu juliang zhang TCECheng Yihong Ru Guowei Hua Strategic Planning Department/PICC Research Institute of People's Insurance Company(Group)of China Limited Beijing 100031China School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Department of Logistics and Maritime Studies The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina

To lower pharmaceutical expenditure,the Chinese government has replaced the Fixed Percent Markup (FPM) policy with the policies of the Separation of Outpatient Pharmacies from Hospitals (SOPH) and the Zero Markup Drug (ZMD).We build a multistage game theoretic model comprising a hospital and a drugstore to analyze the policies' impacts on the providers' drug selection and pricing *** comparing the equihibrium outcomes,we draw the following conclusions:(i) FPM,especially for one imposing a strict margin ceiling,actually induces an expensive prescription given patients' great compliance.(ii) Both SOPH and ZMD can conditionally lower patients' expenditure,and their performances rely on the hospital's selection.(iii) A proper rate of insurance coverage and a removal of drug rebate are helpful to improve the policies' performance.

关键词： Drug price regulations patients' expenditure healthcare reform game theory

Resource Planning and Allocation Problem Under Uncertain Environment

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2015年第5期26卷 1115-1127页

作者： zhang juliang Department of Logistics Management School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong University

This paper generalizes the classic resource allocation problem to the resource planning and allocation problem, in which the resource itself is a decision variable and the cost of each activity is uncertain when the resource is determined. The authors formulate this problem as a two-stage stochastic programming. The authors first propose an efficient algorithm for the case with finite states. Then, a sudgradient method is proposed for the general case and it is shown that the simple algorithm for the unique state case can be used to compute the subgradient of the objective function. Numerical experiments are conducted to show the effectiveness of the model.

关键词： Convex programming resource allocation problem resource planning and allocation prob-lem stochastic programming.

An Approximation of the Customer Waiting Time for Online Restaurants Owning Delivery System

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2019年第3期32卷 907-931页

作者： zhang Tianhua ZHAO Fu zhang juliang MENDIS Gamini RU Yihong SUTHERLADN John W School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100010 China School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-2088 USA Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-2088 USA

Online restaurants, which receive online orders and deliver food directly to the customer’s residence, are becoming increasingly popular. To be successful, online restaurants need to provide reliable and prompt deliveries. Careful design of the meal preparation and order delivery systems is needed to avoid excessive cust omer waiting time bet ween ordering and delivery. This paper considers the meal preparation and delivery processes simultaneously to approximate average customer waiting time for deliveries. The authors first discuss the system performance with one cook and unit-capacity delivery vehicles, using an M/G/1queue and a GI/G/1queue. Numerical experiments show that our approximation can adequately describe real waiting times. Then, series queues with multiple cooks and multi-capacity delivery vehicles, e.g., an M/G/n queue and a GI/Gn/1 queue, are examined. Results show that except for situations with a large meal preparation time and a small vehicle capacity, compared with the result of simulation, the approximation in this paper is acceptable with a deviation of less than 20%. The marginal decrease in waiting time associated with hiring more vehicles is *** under different meal preparation speeds, sizes of service area and vehicle capacities.

关键词： Delivery electronic commerce last mile problem online restaurant queuing theory

Embedding aligned nanofibrous architectures within 3D-printed polycaprolactone scaffolds for directed cellular infiltration and tissue regeneration

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2023年第2期5卷 190-206页

作者： Zijie Meng Xingdou Mu Jiankang He juliang zhang Rui Ling Dichen Li State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi an Jiaotong UniversityXi an 710049People's Republic of China NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049People's Republic of China Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery Xijing HospitalThe Air Force Medical UniversityXi'an 710049People's Republic of China

Three-dimensional(3D) printing provides a promising way to fabricate biodegradable scaffolds with designer architectures for the regeneration of various ***,the existing3D-printed scaffolds commonly suffer from weak cell-scaffold interactions and insufficient cell organizations due to the limited resolution of the 3D-printed ***,composite scaffolds with mechanically-robust frameworks and aligned nanofibrous architectures are presented and hybrid manufactured by combining techniques of 3D printing,electrospinning,and unidirectional *** was found that the composite scaffolds provided volume-stable environments and enabled directed cellular infiltration for tissue *** particular,the nanofibrous architectures with aligned micropores served as artificial extracellular matrix materials and improved the attachment,proliferation,and infiltration of *** proposed scaffolds can also support the adipogenic maturation of adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)in ***,the composite scaffolds were found to guide directed tissue infiltration and promote nearby neovascularization when implanted into a subcutaneous model of rats,and the addition of ADSCs further enhanced their adipogenic *** presented hybrid manufacturing strategy might provide a promising way to produce additional topological cues within 3D-printed scaffolds for better tissue regeneration.

关键词： hybrid manufacturing 3D printing unidirectional freeze-casting nanofibrous architectures tissue regeneration

Which Inspection Approach Is Better to Prevent Drug Fraud: Announced or Unannounced?

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2018年第6期31卷 1571-1590页

作者： zhang Manman zhang juliang CHENG T.C.E. SALLAN Jose Maria HUA Guowei Department of Logistics Management School of Economics and ManagementBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China. Department of Logistics and Maritime Studies The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HornKowloonHong KongChina Department d'Organizacio d'Empreses Universitat Politecnica de CatalunyaTerrassa 08222Spain.

In recent years,there are many crimes related drug fraud occuring in China and many experts think that the main cause is that China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA)adopts announced inspection (AI).In order to circumvent this difficulty,CFDA has exploited unannounced inspection (UI)since *** this paper,the authors study the problem of which one performs better, AI or ***,the authors consider a supervisor,which decides the inspection approach,inspection strength and punishment to force the firm to put self-inspection effort to meet the requirements of Good Manufacturing Practice,and a firm,which produces a drug and decides its self-inspection effort. The authors use game theory to model this problem,characterize the equilibrium policies under AI, and compare the effects of the two approaches on preventing drug fraud under complete and incomplete *** results show that under the complete information,UI performs better if the firm's technical level and the inspection cost are low and AI performs better *** the supervisor doesn't know the firm's technical level,if the low technical level is high,AI performs ***, UI performs better if the inspection cost is low and AI performs better if the inspection cost is high.

关键词： Drug inspection game theory healthcare incomplete information public policy.

The Effect of Unannounced Inspection on Prevention of Drug Fraud

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2019年第1期28卷 63-90页

作者： Manman zhang juliang zhang T.C.E. Cheng Guowei Hua Xiaojie Yan Yi Liu School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China Department of Logistics and Maritime Studies The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Alarge number of incidents related to fake/inferior-quality drugs have occurred in China in recent years. In order to reduce drug crimes, the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) has exploited the new supervision approach, i.e., unannounced inspection (UI), since September 2014. However, the effectiveness of UI in driving drug producers to put more effort into meeting the requirements of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) is yet to be ascertained. In this paper we apply game theory to study the effects of UI on the prevention of drug fraud, drug producers’ profits, and social welfare under scenarios of complete and incomplete information. We show that UI is not always an effective way of supervision. Specifically, if the upper bound on the punishment is not very large, UI can drive the firmto make the largest self-supervision effort only when the firm’s technical level is high and the supervision cost is low. Otherwise, UI cannot drive the firm to make the largest self-supervision effort. Under incomplete information, firms with a high technical level would adopt more self-supervision and make more profit than those with a low technical level. Moreover, we design a new mechanism under incomplete information that can incentive drug producers to make greater self-supervision effort to meet the requirements of GMP under certain conditions.

关键词： Drug supervision healthcare system game theory Nash equilibrium incomplete information mechanism design