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A new family of windows——convolution windows and their applications

Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第4期48卷 468-480页

作者： zhang jieqiu1,2. liang changhong1 & chen yanpu3.1. department of applied math. & phys., {2. of Science, airforce engineering university, xi’an 710051, china 2. National Key Laboratory of Antennas and Microwave Technology, xidian university, xi’an 710071, china 3. Computer Center, xi’an Communication {2., xi’an 710106, china 1. department of applied {2. & phys. College of Science Airforce Engineering University 710051 Xi’an China 2. National Key Laboratory of Antennas and Microwave Technology Xidian University 710071 Xi’an China 3. Computer Center Xi’an Communication College 710106 Xi’an China

A new family of windows is constructed by convolutions via a few rectangular windows with same time width and is thus referred to as convolution windows. The expressions of the second-order up to the eighth-order convolution windows in both the time and frequency domains are derived. Their applications in high accuracy harmonic analysis of periodic signals are investigated. Comparisons between the proposed windows and some known windows with the same width shows that, when the synchronous deviation of data sampling is slight, the proposed ones have the least effect of spectral leakage. Therefore, the new windows are well suited for high accuracy harmonic analysis and parameter estimation for periodic signals. The error analysis and computer simulations show that the estimation errors, corresponding to frequency, amplitude and phase of every harmonic component of a signal, are proportional to the pth power of the relative frequency deviation in case of the pth-order convolution window is applied to windowing signal of approximately p cycles. By introducing real time adjustment in sampling interval, the proposed algorithm can adaptively trace signal frequency and lead to less sampling synchronous deviation. The proposed approach has the advantages of easy implementation and high measure precision and can be used in harmonic analysis of quasi-periodic signals whose fundamental frequency drifts slowly with time.

关键词： signal processing harmonic analysis window function convolution window synchronous error spoctral leakage

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Achieving structurally stable O3-type layered oxide cathodes through site-specific cation-anion co-substitution for sodium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 411-418,I0011页

作者： Yihao Shen chen cheng xiao xia Lei Wang xi Zhou Pan Zeng Jianrong Zeng {2. zhang Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123JiangsuChina Institute for Advanced Study School of Mechanical EngineeringChengdu UniversityChengdu 610106SichuanChina Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China Shanghai Institute of applied phys.cs Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123JiangsuChina

O3-type layered oxides have garnered great attention as cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries because of their abundant reserves and high theoretical ***,challenges persist in the form of uncontrollable phase transitions and intricate Na^(+)diffusion pathways during cycling,resulting in compromised structural stability and reduced capacity over *** study introduces a special approach employing site-specific Ca/F co-substitution within the layered structure of O_(3)-NaNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_(2. to effectively address these ***,the strategically site-specific doping of Ca into Na sites and F into O sites not only expands the Na^(+)diffusion pathways but also orchestrates a mild phase transition by suppressing the Na^(+)/vacancy ordering and providing strong metal-oxygen bonding strength,*** as-synthesized Na_(0.95)Ca_(0.05)Ni_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_(1.95)F_(0.05)(NNMO-CaF)exhibits a mild O3→O3+O'3→P3 phase transition with minimized interlayer distance variation,leading to enhanced structural integrity and stability over extended *** a result,NNMO-CaF delivers a high specific capacity of 119.5 mA h g^(-1)at a current density of 12. mA g^(-1)with a capacity retention of 87.1%after 100 *** study presents a promising strategy to mitigate the challenges posed by multiple phase transitions and augment Na^(+)diffusion kinetics,thus paving the way for high-performance layered cathode materials in sodium-ion batteries.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries O3-type layered oxides Site-specific co-doping Phase transition

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Mitigating Lattice Distortion of High‑Voltage LiCoO_(2.via Core‑Shell Structure Induced by Cationic Heterogeneous Co‑Doping for Lithium‑Ion Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 169-182页

作者： Zezhou Lin Ke Fan Tiancheng Liu Zhihang Xu Gao chen Honglei {2. Hao Li Xuyun Guo xi {2. Ye Zhu Peiyu Hou Haitao Huang department of applied {2.cs and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongPeople’s Republic of China department of applied {2.cs The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Nanosurface Science and engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Optomechatronics EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China School of phys.cs and Technology University of JinanJinanShandongPeople’s Republic of China

Inactive elemental doping is commonly used to improve the structural stability of high-voltage layered transition-metal oxide ***,the one-step co-doping strategy usually results in small grain size since the low diffusivity ions such as Ti^(4+)will be concentrated on grain boundaries,which hinders the grain *** order to synthesize large single-crystal layered oxide cathodes,considering the different diffusivities of different dopant ions,we propose a simple two-step multi-element co-doping strategy to fabricate core–shell structured LiCoO_(2.(CS-LCO).In the current work,the high-diffusivity Al^(3+)/Mg^(2.)ions occupy the core of single-crystal grain while the low diffusivity Ti^(4+)ions enrich the shell *** Ti^(4+)-enriched shell layer(~12.nm)with Co/Ti substitution and stronger Ti–O bond gives rise to less oxygen ligand ***-situ XRD demonstrates the constrained contraction of c-axis lattice parameter and mitigated structural *** a high upper cut-off voltage of 4.6 V,the single-crystal CS-LCO maintains a reversible capacity of 159.8 mAh g^(−1)with a good retention of~89%after 300 cycles,and reaches a high specific capacity of 163.8 mAh g^(−1)at *** proposed strategy can be extended to other pairs of low-(Zr^(4+),Ta^(5+),and W6+,etc.)and high-diffusivity cations(Zn^(2.),Ni^(2.),and Fe^(3+),etc.)for rational design of advanced layered oxide core–shell structured cathodes for lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery LiCoO_(2. Heterogeneous co-doping Core-shell structure High-voltage stability

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Engineered wettability-gradient porous structure enabling efficient water manipulation in regenerative fuel cells

Energy and AI

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 357-367页

作者： Zhefei Pan Lizhen Wu Fengjia xie Zhewei zhang Zhen Zhao Oladapo Christopher Esan Xuming zhang Rong {2. liang An Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems(Chongqing university) Ministry of EducationChongqing 400030China Institute of engineering Thermophys.cs Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China department of Mechanical engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China department of applied {2.cs The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China department of Mechanical Aerospaceand Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China

Regenerative fuel cells can operate alternately as an electrolyzer and as a fuel cell,frequently involving water as a reactant or *** the electrode surface to manipulate water can prevent electrode flooding and enhance the electrode's mass transfer efficiency by facilitating better contact with gaseous ***,conventional electrodes face difficulties in allowing water droplets to penetrate in a single direction leaving *** this work to address this issue,a wettability gradient electrode is designed and fabricated for efficient water manipulation in regenerative fuel *** findings demonstrate that the water removal strategy in the electrolyzer mode yields the highest ammonia yield and Faradaic efficiency of 3.39×10-10 mol s-1 cm-2.and 0.49%,***,in the fuel cell mode,the discharging process sustains for approximately 2..5 h,which is six times longer than the conventional *** ability to sustain the discharging process for extended periods is particularly advantageous in regenerative fuel cells,as it enables the cells to operate for longer periods without the need for regeneration.

关键词： Regenerative fuel cells Electrode flooding Water manipulation Wettability gradient Water fluxes

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Exfoliation of bulk 2.-MoS_(2.into bilayer 1T-phase nanosheets via ether-induced superlattices

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5705-5711页

作者： xiuling Shi Dongmei Lin Zhuorui xiao Yibo Weng Hanxiang Zhou xiaoying Long Zhiyu Ding Fuyuan liang Yan Huang Guohua chen Kaikai Li Tong-Yi {2. School of Materials Science and engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China department of Mechanical engineering Research Institute for Smart EnergyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina The Hong Kong university of Science and Technology(Guangzhou) Guangzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Materials InformaticsAdvanced Materials Thrust and Sustainable Energy and Environment ThrustNanshaGuangzhou 511400China

The exfoliation of bulk 2.-molybdenum disulfide(2.-MoS_(2.)into few-layer nanosheets with 1T-phase and controlled layers represents a daunting challenge towards the device applications of MoS_(2..Conventional ion intercalation assisted exfoliation needs the use of hazardous n-butyllithium and/or elaborate control of the intercalation potential to avoid the decomposition of the MoS_(2..This work reports a facile strategy by intercalating Li ions electrochemically with ether-based electrolyte into the van der Waals(vdW)channels of MoS_(2.,which successfully avoids the decomposition of MoS_(2.at low *** co-intercalation of Li+and the ether solvent into MoS_(2.makes a first-order phase transformation,forming a superlattice phase,which preserves the layered structure and hence enables the exfoliation of bulk 2.-MoS_(2.into bilayer nanosheets with *** with the pristine 2.-MoS_(2.,the bilayer 1T-MoS_(2.nanosheets exhibit better electrocatalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).This facile method should be easily extended to the exfoliation of various transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs).

关键词： exfoliation of MoS_(2. phase transformations superlattices ether electrolyte hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)

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ROS Balance Autoregulating Core-Shell CeO_(2.@ZIF-8/Au Nanoplatform for Wound Repair

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 341-361页

作者： xi Zhou Quan Zhou Zhaozhi He Yi xiao Yan Liu Zhuohang Huang Yaoji Sun Jiawei Wang Zhengdong Zhao xiaozhou Liu Bin Zhou Lei Ren Yu Sun Zhiwei chen xingcai zhang The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical engineering of Fujian Province Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of XiamenDepartment of BiomaterialsCollege of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005People’s Republic of China department of Electronic Science Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance ResearchSchool of Electronic Science and EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005People’s Republic of China John A Paulson School of engineering and applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA department of Otorhinolaryngology Union Hospital of Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022People’s Republic of China NO.1 Middle School Affiliated to Central china Normal university Wuhan 430223People’s Republic of China

Reactive oxygen species(ROS)plays important roles in living *** ROS is a double-edged sword,which can eliminate drug-resistant bacteria,but excessive levels can cause oxidative damage to cells.A core–shell nanozyme,Ce O_(2.@ZIF-8/Au,has been crafted,spontaneously activating both ROS generating and scavenging functions,achieving the multifaceted functions of eliminating bacteria,reducing inflammation,and promoting wound *** Au Nanoparticles(NPs)on the shell exhibit high-efficiency peroxidase-like activity,producing ROS to kill ***,the encapsulation of Ce O_(2. core within ZIF-8 provides a seal for temporarily limiting the superoxide dismutase and catalase-like activities of Ce O_(2. ***,as the ZIF-8 structure decomposes in the acidic microenvironment,the Ce O_(2. core is gradually released,exerting its ROS scavenging activity to eliminate excess ROS produced by the Au *** two functions automatically and continuously regulate the balance of ROS levels,ultimately achieving the function of killing bacteria,reducing inflammation,and promoting wound *** innovative ROS spontaneous regulators hold immense potential for revolutionizing the field of antibacterial agents and therapies.

关键词： Metal-organic framework(MOF) Reactive oxygen species(ROS) Cerium dioxide Au nanoparticles Wound healing

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Intelligent diagnosis of atrial septal defect in children using echocardiography with deep learning

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第3期6卷 217-225页

作者： Yiman LIU Size HOU xiaoxiang HAN Tongtong liang Menghan HU xin WANG Wei GU Yuqi zhang Qingli LI Jiangang {2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing School of Communication&Electronic EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina department of Pediatric Cardiology Shanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina department of applied {2.matics Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySchool of ScienceSuzhouChina School of Health Sciences and engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina Minhang District Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ShanghaiChina Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation Ministry of EducationShanghai 201203China

Background Atrial septal defect(ASD)is one of the most common congenital heart *** diagnosis of ASD via transthoracic echocardiography is subjective and *** The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of automatic detection of ASD in children based on color Doppler echocardiographic static images using end-to-end convolutional neural *** proposed depthwise separable convolution model identifies ASDs with static color Doppler images in a standard *** the standard views,we selected two echocardiographic views,i.e.,the subcostal sagittal view of the atrium septum and the low parasternal four-chamber *** developed ASD detection system was validated using a training set consisting of 396 echocardiographic images corresponding to 198 ***,an independent test dataset of 112.images corresponding to 56 cases was used,including 101 cases with ASDs and 153 cases with normal *** The average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve,recall,precision,specificity,F1-score,and accuracy of the proposed ASD detection model were 91.99,80.00,82.2.,87.50,79.57,and 83.04,*** The proposed model can accurately and automatically identify ASD,providing a strong foundation for the intelligent diagnosis of congenital heart diseases.

关键词： Deep learning Atrial septal defect Echocardiography

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Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency

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National Science Review 2024年第04期11卷 33-35页

作者： Ke-Qing xiao Chao liang Zimeng Wang Jingjing Peng Yao Zhao Ming zhang Mingyu Zhao Shuiqing {2. Yong-Guan Zhu Caroline L.Peacock State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences department of Environmental Science and engineering Fudan University college of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds

Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE)is defined as the proportion of microbial biomass growth C versus substrate C uptake, and thus provides a useful measure of microbially driven accumulation and loss of soil organic carbon (SOC)[1]. In a recent study published in Nature [2.,the authors used a data-driven machinelearning approach to conclude that CUE promotes global SOC storage based on a positive correlation between CUE and SOC content and that, based on sensitivity analysis, CUE is at least four times as important as six other evaluated factors,namely plant C inputs, C input allocation, non-microbial C transfer, substrate decomposability, environmental modifications and vertical transport.

关键词： SOIL-CARBON ORGANIC-MATTER

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Bifunctional electrolyte addition for longer life and higher capacity of aqueous zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 5060-5069页

作者： Fan zhang Si-Qi Li Li-Nan xia Chao Yang Lei Li Kai-Ming Wang chen-{2. Xu Yuan-Yuan Feng Bin Zhao Fei Shen xiao-Gang Han Ling-Yun Zhu School of Electric Power Civil Engineering and ArchitectureShanxi University State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment School of Electrical EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong University department of Science Materials and engineering National University of Singapore School of Materials Science and engineering Anhui University

Owing to uncontrolled and uneven electrodeposition and side reactions,Zn metal anodes inevitably suffer from issues such as dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reactions,and surface *** paper proposes an efficient strategy to address these critical issues for realizing long-life and high-capacity aqueous zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors （ZHSCs） by incorporating low-concentration (0.05 mol·L-1) redox RbI electrolyte ***,rubidium cations have the ability to influence the negative Zn electrode surface via an electrostatic shielding mechanism,effectively protecting the electrode and minimizing undesired side *** an aqueous solution,iodide anions actively solvate Zn2.ions by stabilizing and modulating the solvation shell surrounding Zn2..Moreover,the presence of iodide ions promotes the uniform deposition of Zn2.species by selective adsorption onto the electrode *** synergistic effect of the electrostatic shielding and halogen ions enables the realization of aqueous symmetric Zn||Zn cells with a substantial cycle life of more than 2.00 h Additionally,when applied to commercial activated carbon（AC）,the proposed strategy facilitates the development of aqueous ZHSCs,exhibiting high specific capacitances(148.8 F·g-1at 4 A·g-1) and ultra-long cycling stability.

关键词： Aqueous zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor Rubidium iodide Synergistic effects of anions and cations Zn dendrite Zn metal anode

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Three-dimensional-printed Ni-based scaffold design accelerates bubble escape for ampere-level alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction

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Interdisciplinary Materials 2024年第4期3卷 595-606页

作者： Jingxuan chen Gangwen Fu Yu Tian xingchuan Li Mengqi Luo xiaoyu Wei Ting zhang Tian Gao cheng chen Somboon Chaemchuen xi Xu xing Sun Tongle Bu Francis Verpoort John Wang Zongkui Kou State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhanChina Marine New Materials and Equipment Technology Center Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park of Wuhan University of TechnologySanyaChina Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Institute of Flexible ElectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina Key laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityNingboChina School of Astronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina department of Materials Science and engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore National university of Singapore(Chongqing)Research Institute Chongqing Liang Jiang New AreaChongqingChina

Alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)for scalable hydrogen production largely hinges on addressing the sluggish bubble-involved kinetics on the traditional Ni-based electrode,especially for ampere-level current densities and ***,3D-printed Ni-based sulfide(3DPNS)electrodes with varying scaffolds are designed and *** situ observations at microscopic levels demonstrate that the bubble escape velocity increases with the number of hole sides(HS)in the ***,we conduct multiphys.cs field simulations to illustrate that as the hole shapes transition from square,pentagon,and hexagon to circle,where a noticeable reduction in the bubble-attached HS length and the pressure balance time around the bubbles results in a decrease in bubble size and an acceleration in the rate of bubble ***,the 3DPNS electrode with circular hole configura-tions exhibits the most favorable HER performance with an overpotential of 2.7 mV at the current density of up to 1000 mA cm^(-2. for 12. *** present study highlights a scalable and effective electrode scaffold design that promotes low-cost and low-energy green hydrogen production through the ampere-level alkaline HER.

关键词： 3D printing alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction ampere-level current densities bubble escape hole sides

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