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A CASE STUDY OF THE UNCORRELATED RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES AND STRATOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR ANOMALIES

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2018年第3期24卷 356-368页

作者： HAN Yuan-yuan TIAN Wen-shou zhang jian-kai HU Ding-zhu WANG Fei-yang SANG Wen-jun Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000 China College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Xi'an Polytechnic UniversityXi'an 710048 China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters of China Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 China

Using the measurements from the Halogen Occultation Experiment(HALOE)and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)Interim reanalysis data for the period 1994-2005,we analyzed the relationship between tropical tropopause temperature anomalies and stratospheric water vapor *** is found that tropical tropopause temperature is correlated with stratospheric water vapor,i.e.,an anomalously high(low)tropical tropopause temperature corresponds to anomalously high(low)stratospheric water vapor during the period 1994-2005,except for *** occurrence frequency and strength of deep convective activity during the‘mismatched'months is less and weaker than that during the‘matched'months in ***,the instantaneous intensity of four short periods of deep convective activity,caused by strong surface cyclones and high sea surface temperatures,are greater during the‘mismatched'months than during the‘matched'*** vapor is transported from the lower troposphere to the lower stratosphere through a strong tropical upwelling,leading to an increase in stratospheric water *** the other hand,deep convective activity can lift the tropopause and cool its *** short,the key factor responsible for the poor correlation between tropical tropopause temperature and stratospheric water vapor in1996 is the instantaneous strong deep convective *** addition,an anomalously strong Brewer-Dobson circulation brings more water vapor into the stratosphere during the‘mismatched'months in 1996,and this exacerbates the poor correlation between tropical tropopause temperature and stratospheric water vapor.

关键词： tropical tropopause temperature stratospheric water vapor deep convective activity Brewer-Dobson circulation ENSO

西部民族地区农业信贷的三重困境:喀什个案研究

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金融研究 2004年第2期 138-142,F003页

作者：张坚颜开中国人民银行喀什地区中心支行新嘏喀什844000

本文以新疆喀什地区农业信贷为研究对象,分析了西部少数民族地区产业发展的基本制约因素和现实发展方向。文章认为,西部少数民族地区农业信贷发展面临三重困境:一是日趋弱化的农业信贷机构与日益提高的农业信贷需求的矛盾--放贷则进一... 详细信息

本文以新疆喀什地区农业信贷为研究对象,分析了西部少数民族地区产业发展的基本制约因素和现实发展方向。文章认为,西部少数民族地区农业信贷发展面临三重困境:一是日趋弱化的农业信贷机构与日益提高的农业信贷需求的矛盾--放贷则进一步把风险集中于金融机构,不放贷则三农将进一步滑坡;二是经济资源禀赋与产业结构调整的矛盾--不调整则区域发展无从实现,调整则面临更大的产业风险;三是农业信贷机构自身盈利性与信贷双方都把信贷资金作为扶贫无偿投入的矛盾--不投入则三农发展停滞,投入则信贷机构无法实现财务可持续性。这样的三重困境导致了西部民族地区的农业发展与农业信贷只能以惨淡维持为主,并进一步加大城乡间、东西部间的收入差距。在此情形下,任何通过等、靠、要寻求外部政策与资金支持的努力是不符合西部农业信贷可持续发展需要的。

关键词：西部区域发展农业信贷资源约束

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旋流煤粉燃烧的一维综合数值模拟

燃料化学学报 2002年第2期30卷 124-129页

作者：张健朱成凯普勇周力行清华大学工程力学系北京100084

发展了综合考虑气固两相旋流流动、气相燃烧、颗粒相变与燃烧及两相辐射传热的旋流煤粉燃烧一维数学模型 ,给出了气固两相能量方程中颗粒相变源项的计算表达式。应用这一模型对涡旋燃烧炉环形通道内多组工况下的旋流气体燃烧和煤粉燃... 详细信息

发展了综合考虑气固两相旋流流动、气相燃烧、颗粒相变与燃烧及两相辐射传热的旋流煤粉燃烧一维数学模型 ,给出了气固两相能量方程中颗粒相变源项的计算表达式。应用这一模型对涡旋燃烧炉环形通道内多组工况下的旋流气体燃烧和煤粉燃烧进行了数值模拟 ,计算得到的炉内温度分布和燃烧效率与实验数据基本相符。表明本文建立的模型可用于旋流煤粉燃烧的一维综合数值模拟。

关键词：旋流煤粉燃烧一维数值模拟涡旋燃烧炉环形通道

Prevention and management of pleural effusion following hepatectomy in primary liver cancer

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2005年第3期4卷 375-378页

作者： jian-Jun Yan, Xiang-Hua zhang, kai-jian Chu, Liang Huang, Fei-Guo Zhou and Yi-Qun Yan Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China Department of Hepatic Surgery Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200438 China. Yiqunyan@***

Postoperative pleural effusion occurs frequently after hepatectomy. The risk factors, prevention and management of postoperative pleural effusion in patients with primary liver cancer (PLC) who have undergone hepatectomy and the value of the argon beam coagulator (ABC) for the prevention of pleural effusion are studied. METHODS:A total of 523 patients with PLC at our institution who had had right hepatectomy from July 2000 to June 2004 were studied retrospectively. Comparative analysis was made to identify the factors contributing to postoperative pleural effusion and the efficacy of various managements. RESULTS:Of the 523 patients whose livers were dissociated using argon beam cutting and/or coagulation, 20(3.8%) developed pleural effusions;whereas in the other 467 patients underwent hepatectomy with suture ligation of the diaphragmatic secondary wound surface during the same period, 49(10.5%) had pleural effusion (P<0.01). The factors contributing to postoperative pleural effusion included subphrenic collection, postoperative hepatic insufficiency with ascites, duration of hepatic occlusion and underlying cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS: Dissociation of the liver by argon beam cutting and/or coagulation can save suture ligation of the diaphragmatic secondary wound surface and may also prevent postoperative pleural effusion. Pleural drainage using an indwelling central-venous-catheter (CVC) in the pleural cavity is safe and efficacious.

关键词： primary liver cancer hepatectomy postoperative pleural effusion argon beam cut and/or coagulation central venous catheter

Comparison of Functional and Radiological Outcomes Between Two Posterior Approaches in the Treatment of Multilevel Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第15期128卷 2054-2058页

作者： Da-jiang Ren Fang Li Zhi-Cheng zhang Guan kai jian-Lin Shan Guang-Min Zhao Tian-Sheng Sun Department of Orthopedic Surgery Beijing Army General Hospital Beijing 100700 China

Background：Posterior cervical decompression is an accepted treatment for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy （CSM）.Each posterior technique has its own advantages and *** the present study,we compared the functional and radiological outcomes of expansive hemilaminectomy and laminoplasty with mini titanium plate in the treatment of multilevel ***：Forty-four patients with multilevel CSM treated with posterior cervical surgery in Department of Orthopedic Surgery,Beijing Army General Hospital from March 2011 to June 2012 were enrolled in this retrospective *** were divided into two groups by surgical procedure：Laminoplasty （Group L） and hemilaminectomy （Group H）.Perioperative parameters including age,sex,duration of symptoms,opcrative duration,and intraoperative blood loss were recorded and *** canal area,calculated using AutoCAD software（Autodesk Inc.,San Rafael,CA,USA）,and neurological improvement,evaluated with Japanese Orthopedic Association score,were also ***：Neurological improvement did not differ significantly between *** H had a significantly shorter operative duration and significantly less blood *** expansion ratio was significantly greater in Group L （77.83 ± 6.41%） than in Group H （62.72 ± 3.86%）（P 〈 0.01）.Conclusions：Both surgical approaches are safe and effective in treating multilevel *** provides a greater degree of enlargement of the spinal canal,whereas expansive hemilaminectomy has the advantages of shorter operative duration and less intraoperative blood loss.

关键词： Expansive Hemilaminectomy Laminoplasty Multilevel Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Posterior Cervical Decompression

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钛酸纳米管的制备及TEM表征

无机材料学报 2006年第3期21卷 547-552页

作者：黄琮张开坚党志李新军华南理工大学环境科学与工程学院广州510640 重庆大学经济与工商管理学院中科院广州能源研究所广州510640

采用水热合成法以金红石型纳米TiO2粉为原料制备钛酸纳米管,考察了搅拌、酸洗及焙烧温度对纳米管的形成和结构的影响,并通过TEM观察了产物的形貌、结构．结果显示: 持续搅拌能促进原料粉末的定向生长,有利于形成钛酸纳米片;酸洗是纳米... 详细信息

采用水热合成法以金红石型纳米TiO2粉为原料制备钛酸纳米管,考察了搅拌、酸洗及焙烧温度对纳米管的形成和结构的影响,并通过TEM观察了产物的形貌、结构．结果显示: 持续搅拌能促进原料粉末的定向生长,有利于形成钛酸纳米片;酸洗是纳米管的形成阶段; 300℃是纳米管转变为长棒状晶柱的临界温度．实验表明以优化的水热合成法制得的纳米管形貌均一,长度超过1μm,钛酸纳米管长径比为125:1．

关键词：钛酸纳米管制备 TEM表征

Deep brain stimulation in the treatment of secondary dystonia

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Chinese Medical Journal 2006年第24期119卷 2069-2074页

作者： zhang jian-guo,zhang kai,WANG Zhong-cheng,GE Ming and MA Yu Department of Neurosurgery,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital University of Medical Sciences Functional Neurosurgical Department,Beijing Neurosurgical Institute,Beijing 100050,China Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital University of Medical Sciences

Background Dystonia is one of the most challenging movement disorders to treat. Medications and surgeries are the two methods to control dystonic symptoms. For patients with dystonia in whom symptoms are inadequately controlled with pharmacologic measures, the use of deep brain stimulation （DBS） can improve symptoms and enhance functional capacity. The best candidate for DBS is believed to be primary generalized dystonia, especially the DYT-1 type. Here, we report 9 cases of secondary dystonia to explore the feasibility, indications and complications of DBS in the treatment of secondary dystonia. Methods From July 2003 to June 2006, nine patients with secondary dystonia underwent surgery at Beijing Tiantan Hospital. Among them, 2 were diagnosed as having tardive dystonia, 1 had posttraumatic dystonia, 3 had a history of perinatal anoxia, 1 had neonatal pathologic jaundice, and 2 had no exact contributory history; MRI showed bilateral lentiform nuclei degeneration in one patient. Six patients underwent bilateral subthalamic nucleus （STN）-DBS, two underwent unilateral STN-DBS, the other underwent left STN and fight globus pallidus internus（GPi）-DBS. Results With intraoperative microelectrode recording, the targeted nucleus was accurately localized. Tentative stimulation could decrease muscle tension to the same extent, but twisting was not obviously improved. Follow-up for 3 months to 3 years showed satisfactory results in 3 patients with tardive dystonia and posttraumatic dystonia and that Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Scale （BFMS） decreased by more than 90%. The improvement of symptoms was progressive along with time. The other 6 patients had slight to moderate improvement. None of them had severe surgery-related complications. One had lead fracture 16 months after surgery and the lead was then evacuated. Conclusions DBS could be an ideal treatment for patients with tardive and posttraumatic dystonia. For patients with perinatal anoxia and diffuse impairment in the ba

关键词： subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation secondary dystonia

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镁合金板材正反向快速气压胀形实验

塑性工程学报 2013年第1期20卷 43-47页

作者：王刚张治朋张建凯哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院威海264209

采用两种不同轮廓的反向预成形模具进行高应变速率气压胀形实验,结果表明,内外凹圆弧预成形模的成形效果好于半圆弧预成形模,反向胀形的时间可控制在10s,表面和微观组织均无明显缺陷。利用上述预成形模进行半球件正反向气压自由胀形实验... 详细信息

采用两种不同轮廓的反向预成形模具进行高应变速率气压胀形实验,结果表明,内外凹圆弧预成形模的成形效果好于半圆弧预成形模,反向胀形的时间可控制在10s,表面和微观组织均无明显缺陷。利用上述预成形模进行半球件正反向气压自由胀形实验,研究正反向胀形的效果,正反向胀形可以显著提高AZ31B镁合金板料的成形能力,使胀形件高径比从0.344提高到0.522,并使壁厚均匀度从19.4%提高到半圆弧预成形模具的32.3%,内外凹圆弧预成形模具的45.5%。在400℃温度下胀形300s,可以成形出高径比为0.522的完好半球件。

关键词：正反向胀形快速气压胀形成形性壁厚分布

Si_3N_4掺杂氮化对Sr_3SiO_5:Eu^(2+)荧光粉发光性能的影响

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无机材料学报 2017年第3期32卷 252-256页

作者：张双双田文郁张建新宋开新秦会斌杭州电子科技大学新型电子器件与应用研究所杭州310018

采用高温固相法制备Si_3N_4掺杂氮化Sr_(2.99)SiO_(5-6x)N_(4x):0.01Eu^(2+)荧光粉。采用XRD、EDS和SEM测试结果表明:N^(3-)进入Sr_3SiO_5基质晶格中取代部分O^(2-)离子,形成了单一相Sr_(2.99)SiO_(5-6x)N_(4x):0.01Eu^(2+)固溶体。PL&PLE荧光光谱测试结果显示,Sr_(2.99)SiO_(5-6x)N_(4x):0.01Eu^(2+)荧光粉在344nm紫外光的激发下发射出红橙光,属于Eu^(2+)离子典型的4f65d1?4f7电子跃迁。随着N浓度的增加,Sr2.99Si O5-6xN4x:0.01Eu^(2+)荧光粉发射光谱和激发光谱的强度明显增强。热稳定性测试结果表明,Si_3N_4掺杂氮化能够显著提高Sr3Si O5:Eu^(2+)荧光粉的热稳定性。通过Arrhennius模型拟合结果表明横向穿越过程(crossover)引起的Sr_3SiO_5:Eu^(2+)荧光粉氮化前后的温度猝灭。

关键词： Sr3SiO5:Eu2+ 荧光粉 Si3N4