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Capability of evolutionary cryptosystems against differential cryptanalysis

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2011年第10期54卷 1991-2000页

作者： zhang huanguo 1,2 ,li chunlei 1,2 & tang ming 1,2 1 school of computer,wuhan university,wuhan 430072,china 2 Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing of Ministry of Education,wuhan university,wuhan 430072,china 1. school of computer Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China2. Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing of Ministry of Education Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China

The evolutionary cryptosystem is a new *** paper studies its security level resisting against differential *** is shown that the evolutionary cryptosystem possesses higher resistance than its initial fixed cryptosystem against differential *** the basis of the relationship among the data complexity,the bit advantage and the success rate of differential cryptanalysis,it is proven that more data is needed for attacking the evolutionary cryptosystem when the bit advantage and success rate are ***,it is shown that the time complexity for attacking the evolutionary cryptosystem is higher than that of differential attacking its initial fixed cryptosystem with the same amount of plaintext-ciphertext *** research indicates that the evolutionary cryptosystem is more robust than its initial fixed cryptosystem against differential cryptanalysis.

关键词： information security cryptology evolutionary cryptosystem cryptanalysis differential cryptanalysis

Extended multivariate public key cryptosystems with secure encryption function

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2011年第6期54卷 1161-1171页

作者： WANG HouZhen 1,2 , zhang huanguo 1,2 , WANG zhangYi 1,2 & tang ming 1,2 1 The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing, Ministry of Education, school of computer, wuhan university, wuhan 430079, china 2 State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering, wuhan university, wuhan 430072, china 1. The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing Ministry of Education School of Computer Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China2. State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China

Advances in quantum computers pose great threats on the currently used public key cryptographic algorithms such as RSA and ECC. As a promising candidate secure against attackers equipped with quantum computational power, multivariate public key cryptosystems (MPKCs) have attracted increasing attention in recently years. Unfortunately, the existing MPKCs can only be used as a multivariate signature scheme, and it remains unknown how to construct an efficient MPKC enabling secure encryption. Furthermore, some multivariate signature schemes have been shown insecure in recent years, and it is also not trivial to build MPKC which can serve as a secure signature scheme. By employing the basic MQ-trapdoors, this paper proposes a novel MPKC and shows how it can be used as a multivariate signature scheme and a multivariate encryption scheme, respectively. The goal is achieved by incorporating our new hash authentication techniques and some modification methods such as the Shamir's minus method. Thorough analysis shows that our schemes are secure and efficient. Our MPKC gives a positive response to the challenges in multivariate public key cryptography.

关键词： cryptography post-quantum cryptography MQ problem hash function

Polar differential power attacks and evaluation

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2012年第7期55卷 1588-1604页

作者： tang ming 1 ,QIU ZhenLong 1 ,GAO Si 1,2 ,YI Mu 3 ,liU ShuBo 1 ,zhang huanguo 1 & JIN YingZhen 1 1 school of computer Science,wuhan university,wuhan 430072,china 2 State Key Laboratory of Information Security,Institute of Software,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,china 3 Centre for computer and Information Security Research school of computer Science and Software Engineering university of Wollongong,Wollongong,NSW 2522,Australia 1. school of computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China2. State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China3. Centre for Computer and Information Security Research School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia

Side channel attacks (SCAs) on security software and hardware have become major concerns on computer and system *** existing SCAs generally require the knowledge of the corresponding cryptographic algorithm and implementation adopted in the target; therefore,they are not fully suitable for practical *** this paper,we propose a novel SCA-polar differential power attack (polar DPA).We found that DPA peaks have different biases for different cryptographic algorithms and *** on these biases,we can successfully attack a block cipher,assuming that the cipher algorithm uses a secret key in its first round,without the knowledge of the cipher algorithm or *** rounds can be treated as a black *** present a detailed theoretical analysis and experiment to demonstrate the correctness and efficiency of our ***,our scheme has demonstrated an improvement over the leakage evaluation scheme due to Ichikawa et al.(CHES 2005).Our evaluation method can be used in electronic design automatic (EDA) flows and can help security circuit designers to understand the data leakage due to SCAs.

关键词： computer security differential power attack side channel attack

A Generic TC-Based Method to Find the Weakness in Different Phases of Masking Schemes

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2018年第5期23卷 574-585页

作者： ming tang Yuguang li Yanbin li Pengbo Wang Dongyan Zhao Weigao Chen huanguo zhang school of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China State Key Laboratory of Cryptology Beijing 100878 China State Grid Key Laboratory of PICD & AT Beijing Smart-Chip Microelectronics Technology Co. Ltd. Beijing 100080 China State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Corporation Maintenance Company Urumqi 830002 China

Masking is one of the most commonly used Side-Channel Attack （SCA） countermeasures and is built on a security framework, such as the ISW framework, and ensures theoretical security through secret sharing. Unfortunately, the theoretical security cannot guarantee practical security, because several possible weaknesses may exist in the actual implementation. These weaknesses likely come from the masking schemes or are introduced by the implementation methods. Finding the possible weakness of the masking scheme is an interesting and important issue for real applications. In this paper, the possible weaknesses for masking schemes in Field- Programmable Gate Array （FPGA） design are discussed. It was found that the combinational circuit is the key to the security of masking schemes. The Toggle Count （TC） method and its extension are utilized to evaluate the security of masking schemes in the design phase and the implementation phase separately. Comparing different logic-level simulators for the Xilinx FPGA platform, the behavioral and post-translate simulations are considered as the analysis method in the design phase, while the post-map and the post-route simulations are used to find the weakness during the implementation phase. Moreover, a Standard Delay Format （SDF） based improvement scheme is proposed to significantly increase the effectiveness of the TC model.

关键词： Side-Channel Attack (SCA) toggle count masking simulation-based analysis

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一种动态随机数发生器

武汉大学学报（理学版） 2008年第5期54卷 513-516页

作者：李幼名唐明张焕国武汉大学计算机学院湖北武汉430072

构造了一种动态随机数发生器,将混沌和分组密码结合起来,先利用混沌的混迭特性产生伪随机比特流,然后利用分组密码杂化伪随机比特流,从而提高比特流的伪随机性;为了引入更多的熵,对分组密码的S盒的输入做系数可变的仿射变换.实验结果表... 详细信息

构造了一种动态随机数发生器,将混沌和分组密码结合起来,先利用混沌的混迭特性产生伪随机比特流,然后利用分组密码杂化伪随机比特流,从而提高比特流的伪随机性;为了引入更多的熵,对分组密码的S盒的输入做系数可变的仿射变换.实验结果表明,此随机数发生器可以通过NIST随机套件测试.

关键词：动态随机数发生器混沌分组密码

Toward reverse engineering on secret S-boxes in block ciphers

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2014年第3期57卷 169-186页

作者： tang ming QIU ZhenLong PENG HongBo HU XiaoBo YI Mu zhang huanguo school of computer Science Wuhan University State Key Lab. of AIS & TC Ministry of EducationWuhan University

It has been widely accepted that the security cryptosystems should be only dependent on the security of their secret ***,there are still secret ciphers with unknown components in their commercial applications due to various *** existing reverse engineering analyzes are developed for analyzing specific ciphers,and cannot cope with secret algorithms with diferent *** looking into the common characteristics of the secret algorithms of ciphers implemented with unknown S-boxes,we proposed a novel reverse engineering analysis approach referred to as Signed Reverse Engineering based on Diferential Power Analysis(SREDPA).It is a generic reverse engineering analysis and can recover the parameters of the secret S-boxes of the block ciphers in typical structures such as SPN,Feistel,and XFeistel(eXtended Feistel).By identifying the bias of the diferential power analysis(DPA)traces,we build the theoretical model of SREDPA and prove its *** are performed on secret algorithms in diferent structures and further validate our SREDPA *** complexity of SREDPA only relies on the size of S-boxes and the reverse engineering analysis is *** shown in the theoretical analysis and the conducted experiments,our SREDPA approach is readily to be extended for analyzing other secret ciphers with unknown *** renders a new challenge on the design and implementation of secret ciphers.

关键词： SCA DPA SPEDPA cryptanalysis block ciphers S-boxes

Reverse Engineering Analysis Based on Differential Fault Analysis Against Secret S- boxes

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china Communications 2012年第10期9卷 10-22页

作者： tang ming Qiu Zhenlong Deng Hui liu Shubo zhang huanguo State Key Laboratory of AIS & TC Ministry of Education Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China school of computers Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China

To evaluate the security of cipher algo- rithrrs with secret operations, we built a new reverse engineering analysis based on Differential Fault Analysis （DFA） to recover the secret S-boxes in Secret Private Network （SPN） and Feistel structures, which are two of the most typical structures in block ciphers. This paper gives the general definitions of these two structures and proposes the reverse engineering analysis of each structure. Furthermore, we evaluate the complexity of the proposed reverse analyses and theoretically prove the effectiveness of the reverse method. For the Twoflsh-like and AES-like algorithrm, the experimental results verify the correctness and efficiency of the reverse analysis. The proposed reverse analysis can efficiently recover the secret S-boxes in the encryp＇don algorithms writh SPN and Feistel structures. It can successfully recover the Twoflsh- like algorithm in 2.3 s with 256 faults and the AES- like algorithm in 0.33 s with 23 faults.

关键词： DFA reverse engmeenng analysis block cipher SPN feistel S-box

A joint call for actions to advance taxonomy in china

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Zoological Systematics 2022年第3期47卷 188-197页

作者： Chaodong Zhu Arong Luo ming Bai Michael COrr Zhonge Hou Siqin Ge Jun Chen Yibo Hu Xuming Zhou Gexia Qiao Hongzhi Kong limin Lu Xiaohua Jin Lei Cai Xinli Wei Ruilin Zhao Wei Miao Qingfeng Wang Zhongli Sha Qiang lin Meng Qu Jianping Jiang Jiatang li Jing Che Xuelong Jiang Xiaoyong Chen lianming Gao Zongxin Ren chunlei Xiang Shixiao Luo Donghui Wu Dong liu Yanqiong Peng Tao Su Chenyang Cai Tianqi Zhu Wanzhi Cai Xingyue liu Hu li Huaijun Xue Zhen Ye Xuexin Chen Pu tang Shujun Wei Hong Pang Qiang Xie Feng zhang Feng zhang Xianjin Peng Aibing zhang Taiping Gao Changfa Zhou Chen Shao libin Ma Zhaoming Wei Yunxia Luan Ziwei Yin Wu Dai Cong Wei Xiaolei Huang Jingxian liu Xiangsheng Chen Tianci Yi Zhisheng zhang Zhulidezi Aishan Qin li Hongying Hu CAS Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China State Key Laboratory of Mycology(SKLM) Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy&Phylogeny Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution&Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Security of Gaoligong Mountain Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650221China CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China CAS Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunMenglaYunnan 66630

Taxonomy plays an important role in understanding the origin, evolution, and ecological functionality of biodiversity. There are large number of unknown species yet to be described by taxonomists, which together with their ecosystem services cannot be effectively protected prior to description. Despite this, taxonomy has been increasingly underrated insufficient funds and permanent positions to retain young talents. Further, the impact factordriven evaluation systems in china exacerbate this downward trend, so alternative evaluation metrics are urgently necessary. When the current generation of outstanding taxonomists retires,there will be too few remaining taxonomists left to train the next generation. In light of these challenges, all co-authors worked together on this paper to analyze the current situation of taxonomy and put out a joint call for immediate actions to advance taxonomy in china.

关键词： Endangered taxonomists morphology-based taxonomy integrative taxonomy capacity building systematics

腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏危险因素分析及其风险评估量表应用价值的多中心回顾性研究

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中华消化外科杂志 2021年第12期20卷 1342-1350页

作者：骆洋俞旻皓敬然周鸿袁旦平崔荣李勇张学利冯仕春陆少波王荣国路春雷汤少军汤黎明张银新钟鸣上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院胃肠外科200127 宁波市杭州湾医院普通外科浙江宁波315336 宁波市第一医院肛肠外科浙江宁波315010 上海市嘉定区中医医院普通外科201899 上海市浦东新区公利医院普通外科200135 上海市奉贤区中心医院普通外科201406 南通市第一人民医院普通外科江苏南通226006 如皋市人民医院普通外科江苏如皋226599 台州市第一人民医院胃肠外科浙江台州318020 临沂市人民医院普通外科山东临沂276005 常州市武进人民医院普通外科江苏常州213004 常州市第二人民医院普通外科江苏常州213104 江苏省建湖县人民医院普通外科江苏盐城224799

目的探讨腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏危险因素及其风险评估量表的应用价值。方法采用回顾性病例对照研究方法。收集2016年1月至2020年11月国内13家医疗中心收治的539例(上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院248例、宁波市第一医院35... 详细信息

目的探讨腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏危险因素及其风险评估量表的应用价值。方法采用回顾性病例对照研究方法。收集2016年1月至2020年11月国内13家医疗中心收治的539例(上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院248例、宁波市第一医院35例、常州市第二人民医院35例、南通市第一人民医院32例、临沂市人民医院32例、常州市武进人民医院31例、上海市嘉定区中医医院28例、台州市第一人民医院27例、上海市浦东新区公利医院26例、如皋市人民医院21例、上海市奉贤区中心医院11例、宁波市杭州湾医院7例、江苏省建湖县人民医院6例)行腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术病人的临床病理资料;男157例, 女382例;年龄为(62.7±0.5)岁。观察指标:(1)随访情况。(2)腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏危险因素分析。(3)构建腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏风险评估量表。采用门诊或电话方式进行随访, 出院后1周、术后1个月随访, 了解病人术后吻合口漏情况。正态分布的计量资料以x±s表示, 偏态分布的计量资料以M(范围)表示。计数资料以绝对数或百分比表示, 组间比较采用χ2检验。单因素分析采用χ2检验, 多因素分析采用Logistic回归模型。以受试者工作特征曲线下面积评估检测方法的效能。约登指数最大值为最佳截断值。结果 (1)随访情况。539例病人均获得出院后1周、术后1个月随访。随访期间, 79例病人发生吻合口漏, 吻合口漏发生率为14.66%(79/539), 其中39例经保守治疗后痊愈, 40例行二次手术(回肠或结肠造口)后痊愈。(2)腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏危险因素分析。单因素分析结果显示:性别、年龄、体质量指数、长期吸烟和(或)酗酒、肿瘤长径、糖尿病、血红蛋白、白蛋白、美国麻醉医师协会分级、新辅助放化疗、吻合口距齿状线距离、腔内闭合器数目、吻合口加固、术中出血量、放置肠减压管、保留左结肠动脉、手术时间、专业化医师是影响腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏的相关因素(χ2=14.060, 4.387, 5.039, 4.094, 17.488, 33.485, 25.066, 28.959, 34.973, 34.207, 22.076, 13.208, 16.440, 17.708, 17.260, 4.573, 5.919, 5.389, P1 cm、腔内闭合器数目≥3个、吻合口未加固、术中出血量≥100 mL、未放置肠减压管是影响腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏的独立危险因素(优势比=2.864, 3.043, 12.556, 7.178, 8.425, 12.895, 8.987, 4.002, 3.084, 4.393, 3.266, 3.224, 95%可信区间为1.279~6.411, 1.404~6.594, 4.469~35.274, 2.648~19.459, 2.471~28.733, 4.027~41.289, 3.702~21.777, 1.746~9.171, 1.365~6.966, 1.914~10.083, 1.434~7.441, 1.321~7.867, P2值>20, 赋3分;χ2值>10且≤20, 赋2分;χ2值≤10, 赋1分。累积分数≥6分是判断术后吻合口漏的有效客观指标。构建腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏风险评估量表(6-321), 累积分数≥6分, 术后吻合口漏发生率高;累积分数1 cm、腔内闭合器数目≥3个、吻合口未加固、术中出血量≥100 mL、未放置肠减压管是影响腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏的独立危险因素;据此构建风险评估量表(6-321), 累积分数≥6分, 提示术后吻合口漏发生率高;累积分数< 6分, 提示术后吻合口漏发生率低。

关键词：直肠肿瘤低位吻合口漏危险因素风险评估量表