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Genesis of ^(2.0)Th excess in basalts from mid-ocean ridges and ocean islands:Constraints from the global U-series isotope database and major and rare earth element geochemistry

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第10期53卷 1486-1494页

作者： zhang guoliang1,2.& zeng zhigang1 1 key laboratory of marine geology and environment,{2.,Chinese Academy of sciences,{4.,china 2.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 10004.,china 1. key laboratory of {2. geology and {4. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Based on 2.0Th-2.8U disequilibrium and major element data from mid-ocean ridge basalts(MORBs) and ocean island basalts(OIBs),this study calculates mantle melting parameters,and thereby investigates the origin of 2.0Th excess.(2.0Th/2.8U) in global MORBs shows a positive correlation with Fe8,Po,Na8,and Fmelt(Fe8 and Na8 are FeO and Na2. contents respectively after correction for crustal fractionation relative to MgO = 8 wt%,Po=pressure of initial melting and Fmelt=degree of melt),while 2.0Th excess in OIBs has no obvious correlation with either initial mantle melting depth or the average degree of mantle ***,compared with the MORBs,higher(2.0Th/2.8U) in OIBs actually corresponds to a lower melting *** suggests that the 2.0Th excess in MORBs is controlled by mantle melting conditions,while the 2.0Th excess in OIBs is more likely related to the deep garnet *** vast majority of calculated initial melting pressures of MORBs with excess 2.0Th are between 1.0 and 2.5 GPa,which is consistent with the conclusion from experiments in recent years that DU>DTh for Al-clinopyroxene at pressures of >1.0 *** initial melting pressure of OIBs is 2.2.3.5 GPa(around the spinel-garnet transition zone),with their low excess 2.6Ra compared to MORBs also suggesting a deeper mantle ***,excess 2.0Th in MORBs and OIBs may be formed respectively in the spinel and garnet stability *** addition,there is no obvious correlation of K2./TiO2.with(2.0Th/2.8U) and initial melting pressure(Po) of MORBs,so it is proposed that the melting depth producing excess 2.0Th does not tap the spinel-garnet transition *** and MORBs in both(2.0Th/2.8U) vs.K2./TiO2.and(2.0Th/2.8U) *** plots fall in two distinct areas,indicating that the mineral phases which dominate their excess 2.0Th are ***/Yb-Ce curves of fast and slow ridge MORBs are similar,while,in comparison,the Ce/Yb-Ce curve for OIBs shows more influence from *** mechanism

关键词： excess 2.0Th clinopyroxene garnet spinel-lherzolite mid-ocean ridge ocean island

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Elemental and isotopic compositions of the hydrothermal sulfide on the East Pacific Rise near 13°N

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第2期53卷 253-266页

作者： zeng zhigang1,CHEN DaiGeng1,2.YIN XueBo1,WANG XiaoYuan1,{2.,{4. WANG XiaoMei1,2.1 Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity laboratory of the key laboratory of marine geology and environment,institute of oceanology,Chinese Academy of sciences,{12.,china 2.Graduate School of Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 10004.,china 1. Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity laboratory of the key laboratory of marine {4. and environment Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China2. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The mineralogical,elemental,and isotopic characteristics of a hydrothermal sulfide sample from one dredge station (12.4.0}30’N,103°54.4.’W,water depth 2.55 m) on the East Pacific Rise near 13°N were *** hydrothermal sulfide was composed mainly of sphalerite,chalcopyrite,and pyrite and was a Zn-rich sulfide;in layer ep-s-1,goethite formed by secondary oxidation was *** concentrations of rare elements,such as Li (0.15×10-6-0.30×10-6),Be (0.01×10-6-0.05×10-6),Zr (73.8×10-9-134.×10-9),Nb (8.14.10-9-64.7×10-9),Hf (2.54.10-9-2..0×10-9),and Ta (0.2.3×10-9-1.2.×10-9),were far lower in the hydrothermal sulfide than in the ocean crust,whereas the content of Au was higher and the contents of Co,Ni,Sr,Cs,Ba,Bi,and U were *** correlations between Zn and Cr,Cd and Ga,Cu and P,P and In (R2.> 0.8) were positive,whereas those between Zn and Fe,Cu,and Ba (R2.> 0.8) were distinctly *** low-temperature mineral assemblages to high-temperature mineral assemblages,the spatial distributions of dispersive and rare elements (***,Li,Cs) in the hydrothermal sulfide displayed corresponding *** variations observed in some elements (e.g.,Cd,Cs,P) are controlled by Zn,Fe,and Cu sulfides,*** weathering accounts for the enrichment of V,Mn,and rare earth elements (REE) in the henna sulfide-oxidation layer that bears the secondary oxide mineral,leading to identical REE patterns for this layer (ep-s-1) and *** weathering also distinctly affects the correlations between the element ratios of the hydrothermal *** high-temperature mineral assemblages to low-temperature mineral assemblages,Fe content and δ 34. value of the hydrothermal sulfide increase gradually,and Zn content and lead isotopic ratios decrease gradually on the contrary,which indicate the influences of seawater on elements and the sulfur and lead isotopic compositions enhance gradually during the formation of hydrothermal sulfides.

关键词： variation element isotopic composition hydrothermal sulfide East Pacific Rise 13oN

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Geochemical and isotopic characteristics of volcanic rocks from the northern East china Sea shelf margin and the Okinawa Trough

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第4期29卷 48-61页

作者： zeng zhigang YU Shaoxiong WANG Xiaoyuan FU Yongtao YIN Xuebo {2. guoliang WANG Xiaomei CHEN Shuai Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity laboratory of the key laboratory of marine {4. and environment Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Volcanic rocks both from the northern East china Sea （NECS） shelf margin and the northern Okinawa Trough are subalkaline less aluminous,and lower in High Field Strength Elements （HFSE）.These rocks are higher in Large Ion Lithophile Elements （LILE）,thorium and uranium contents,positive lead anomalies,negative Nb-Ta anomalies,and enrichment in Light Rare Earth Elements （LREE）.Basalts from the NECS shelf margin are akin to Indian Ocean Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt （MORB）,and rhyolites from the northern Okinawa Trough have the highest 2.7 Pb/ 2.4.Pb and 2.8 Pb/ 2.4.Pb *** NECS shelf margin basalts have lower 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios,ε N d and σ 18 O than the northern Okinawa Trough silicic *** to 4. K– 4. Ar isotopic ages of basalts from the NECS shelf margin,rifting of the Okinawa Trough may have been active since at least 3.65–3.86 *** origin of the NECS shelf margin basalt can be explained by the interaction of melt derived from Indian Ocean MORB-like mantle with enriched subcontinental *** basalts from both sides of the Okinawa Trough may have a similar origin during the initial rifting of the Okinawa Trough,and the formation of basaltic magmas closely relates to the thinning of continental *** source of the formation of the northern Okinawa Trough silicic rocks was different from that of the middle Okinawa Trough,which could have been generated by the interaction of basaltic melt with an enriched crustal *** the Ryukyu island arc to East china,the Cenozoic basalts have apparently increasing trends of MgO contents and ratios of LREE to Heavy Rare Earth Elements （HREE）,suggesting that the trace element variabilities of basalts may have been influenced by the subduction of the Philippine Sea plate,and that the effects of subduction of the Philippine Sea plate on the chemical composition of basaltic melts have had a decreasing effect from the Ryukyu island arc to East china.

关键词： volcanic rocks geochemical characteristics northern East china Sea shelf margin Okinawa Trough

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Origin of a native sulfur chimney in the Kueishantao hydrothermal field, offshore northeast Taiwan

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Science china Earth sciences 2007年第11期50卷 1746-1753页

作者： zeng zhigang1, LIU ChangHua1,2. CHEN ChenTung A3, YIN XueBo1, CHEN DaiGeng1,2. WANG XiaoYuan1,2. WANG XiaoMei1,{2. zhang guoliang1,2.1 Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity laboratory of the key laboratory of marine geology and environment, {14., Chinese Academy of sciences, {12., china 2.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10004., china 3 institute of marine geology and Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804. Taiwan, china 1. Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity laboratory of the key laboratory of marine {4. and environment Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China 3. institute of marine {2. and Chemistry National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung 804 Taiwan China

Analyses of rare earth and trace element concentrations of native sulfur samples from the Kueishantao hydrothermal field were performed at the Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity laboratory of the key Labo-ratory of {2. geology and {4., institute of oceanology, Chinese Academy of sciences. Using an Elan DRC II ICP-MS, and combining the sulfur isotopic compositions of native sulfur samples, we studied the sources and formation of a native sulfur chimney. The results show, when comparing them with native sulfur from crater lakes and other volcanic areas, that the native sulfur content of this chimney is very high (99.96%), the rare earth element (REE) and trace element constituents of the chimney are very low (ΣREE2.×10?9), and the chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the native sulfur samples are similar to those of the Kueishantao andesite, implying that the interaction of subseafloor fluid-andesite at the Kueishantao hydrothermal field was of short duration. The sulfur isotopic compo-sitions of the native sulfur samples reveal that the sulfur of the chimney, from H2. and SO2. originated by magmatic degassing and that the REEs and trace elements are mostly from the Kueishantao ande-site and partly from seawater. Combining these results with an analysis of the thermodynamics, it is clear that from the relatively low temperature (4. is favorable for formation of this native sulfur chimney in the Kueishantao hydrothermal field.

关键词： origin,native sulfur chimney,Kueishantao hydrothermal field,northeast Taiwan

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Effects of diatoms on reproduction and growth of marine copepods

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2004年第10期14卷 1-7页

作者： zhang Guangtao 1,2. and SUN Song 1 (1.key {2. of {4. Ecology&environment sciences,institute of oceanology,Chinese Academy of sciences,qingdao2.6071,china 2.Graduate School,Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing100039,china) Chinese Acad Sci Inst Oceanol Key Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Grad Sch Beijing 100039 Peoples R China

Two hot spots in marine ecology,deleterious effects of diatoms and feeding selectivity of copepods,as well as new progress on these two issues achieved in the recent ten years,are *** two issues are considered correlated *** and their metabolites can induce deleterious effects on growth,reproduction and development of copepods,including increase of mortality and decrease of egg production,hatching and growth *** negative effects,resulting from either chemical toxin or nutritional defi-ciency,can be conquered in natural environments by diverse *** is therefore concluded that deleterious effects of diatoms observed in {2. or during blooming period are only a special case that accommodation of feeding strategy of copepods is *** under-stand their feeding strategy in natural environments is a prerequisite to explaining the mechanisms of deleterious effects caused by diatoms,and makes it possible to re-evaluate the energy flow in marine ecosystems.

关键词： diatoms copepod feeding strategy reproduction deleterious effects

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Distribution of molluscan remains in the sediment of the Chukchi Sea and its vicinity, the Arctic

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2003年第4期22卷 607-619页

作者： Gao Aiguo 1,2. Xu Fengshan3, Sun Haiqing 1,2. Li Lon1 1. First institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, qingdao 2.6061,{2.. 2. key laboratory of marine Sedimentology and environmental geology, State Oceanic Administration, qingdao 2.6061,{2. 3. institute of oceanology, Chinese Academy of sciences, {12.,{2. State Ocean Adm Inst Oceanog 1 Qingdao 266061 Peoples R China State Ocean Adm Key Lab Marine Sedimentol & Environm Geol Qingdao 266061 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Oceanol Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China

The result of an analysis of mollusca remains collected from the Chukchi Sea, Beaufort Sea and Bering Sea in the First Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition, from July to September, 1999 is presented. Seventeen species of mollusca have been identified, which belong to two classes: Bivalvia and Gastropoda. The compositions of the mollusca are very simple. According to the distribution pattern two groups may be distinguished among molluscan species. The Pan-Arctic and circumboreal group comprises Nuculana pernula, ***, Nucula bellotii, Astarte montagui, Seripes groenlandicus, Macoma calcarea, M. moesta alaskana, Liocyrna fluctuosa, Mya pseudoarenaria and Turritella polaris. Three species, Cyclocardia crebricostata, Trichotrois coronata and Argobuccinum oregonense are components of the Pan-Arctic and Pacific boreal group. With regard to feeding habits, detritus feeders dominate. There are 7 species of detritus feeders, i.e., Nuculana pernula, N. radiata, Nucula bellotii, Macoma calcarea, M. moesta alaskana, Macoma sp. and Trichotropis coronata. Detritus feeders are dominant with regard to the numbers of species as well as to the frequency of occurrence. Macoma calcarea is the most abundant species.

关键词： Chukchi Sea Beaufort Sea Bering Sea molluscan remains

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Enrichment mechanisms of rare earth elements in marine hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts

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Science china Earth sciences 2011年第2期54卷 197-203页

作者： JIANG XueJun1,2.LIN XueHui1,2.YAO De3,4.& GUO WeiDong5 1 key laboratory of {2. Oil and Gas Resources and {2. environment,Ministry of Land and Resources,qingdao 2.6071,china 2.qingdao institute of {2. geology,china Geological Survey,qingdao 2.6071,china 3 institute of Resources and environment,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 2.504.,china 4.institute of oceanology,Chinese Academy of sciences,qingdao 2.6071,china 5 Department of Oceanography,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,china 1. key laboratory of {2. Oil and Gas Resources and {2. {4. Ministry of Land and Resources Qingdao 266071 China2. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology China Geological Survey Qingdao 266071 China3. Institute of Resources and Environment Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 China4. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China5. Department of Oceanography Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China

A series of selective extraction experiments were conducted on marine hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts from the seamount near the Line Island to investigate the distribution of rare earth elements （REEs） and the mechanisms of combination between REEs and the hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts. The enrichment of REEs in hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts is attributed mainly to the mineral or oxide/hydroxide of the crust rather than the growth environment. The REEs are present mainly in amorphous ferric oxide/hydroxide rather than in 6-MnO2. Amorphous ferric oxide/hydroxide preferentially combines free REE3＋, while 6-MnO2.combines the REE-carbonate complexes in modern seawater. The REEs in seawater are combined more strongly with amorphous ferric oxide/hydroxides than with 6-MnO2. The positive Ce anomaly in hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts results from the oxidation of soluble Ce3＋ to insoluble Ce4. by the actively soluble oxygen of the bottom current rather than by the oxidation of δ-MnO2.

关键词： rare earth elements hydrogenic ferromanganese crust selective extraction experiment geochemistry combinationmechanism

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A preliminary study on fingerprinting approach in marine sediment dynamics with the rare earth elements

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第4期29卷 62-77页

作者： ZHOU Xiaojing LI Anchun JIANG Fuqing MENG Qingyong key laboratory of {2. geology ＆ {4. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China

Locating the quantitized natural sediment fingerprints is an important work for marine sediment dynamics *** total of 14. sediment samples were collected from the Shelf of the East china Sea and five rivers,including Huanghe （Yellow）,Changjiang （Yangtze）,Qiantang,Ou and Min *** sediment grain size and the contents of rare earth elements （REEs） were measured with laser particle size analyzer and ICP-MS *** results show that absolute REE content （ΣREE） and the concentration ratio of light REEs to heavy REEs （L/HREE） are different in the sediments among those *** are higher REE contents in being less than 2.m and 2.31 μm fractions in the Changjiang Estuary surface *** REE contents of bulk sediment are dominated by the corresponding values of those leading *** of sediment is higher close to the estuaries and declines seaward on the inner shelf of the East china Sea （ECS）.The L/HREE ratio has a tendency of increase southward from 2. ？ *** conditions plays a predominate role on spacial distributions of the surficial sediment’s REE *** some situations,the currents tend to remove the coarser light grains from initial populations,as well as the deposit of the finer heavy mineral *** other situations,the currents will change the ratio of sediment constituents,such as ratio between silts and clays in the *** a result,the various values of REE or L/HREE ratio in different bulk sediments are more affected by the change of size-fractions than source *** the long-term stable hydrodynamic environment,i.e.,the East china Sea Shelf,new sediment transport model based on the size and density gradation concept may help to understand the spatial distribution patterns of REE parameters.

关键词： rare earth elements fingerprints East china Sea Shelf sediment transport

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Mineral provinces and material provenance of the surficial sediments near the Zhongsha Islands in the South china Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2007年第1期26卷 66-76页

作者： YAN Quanshu1, 2. 3, SHI Xuefa2., WANG Kunshan2.. institute of oceanology, Chinese Academy of {4., {2., china2. key laboratory of marine Sedimentology and environment geology of State Oceanic Administration, First institute of Oceanograghy, State Oceanic Administration, {14. 2.6061, china3. Graduate School, Chinese Academy of {4., Beijing 10004., china institute of oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China

Characteristics and distribution patterns of clastic minerals (0.063～0.12. mm) in bottom sediments represent a significant indicator for the identification of the origin of sediment. One hundred and fourteen surface sediment samples, which were collected from the area near the Zhongsha Islands in the South china Sea, were analysed to identify the mineral suites and their distributions in the study area. The area can be divided into three mineral provinces: (Ⅰ) a province of biogenic minerals, which mainly originate from the Zhongsha Atoll; (Ⅱ) a province of volcanogenic minerals, which are mainly derived from local basaltic seamounts and small-scale volcanoes that are probably erupting, with some influences from the island-arc volcanic region around the South china Sea; and (Ⅲ) a mixed mineral province whose material source includes biogenic minerals, volcanogenic minerals and terrigenous minerals; the last province can be subdivided into a mixed mineral sub-province of the northeastern part of the study area, in which terrigenous minerals are mainly derived from china’s Mainland and do not exceed 17°N, and a mixed mineral sub-province of the southeastern part of the study area, in which terrigenous minerals are derived from Kalimantan and Indochina Peninsula and might be further transported into the deep sea basin through submarine canyons.

关键词： South china Sea Zhongsha Islands light mineral minerals province material provenance

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Structural control of the Gagua “Wedge” Zone east of Taiwan Island on the southern Okinawa Trough

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1165-1174页

作者： ZHENG Yanpeng1,2.3, LIU Baohua2.3, WU Jinlong2. LIANG Ruicai2.3, LIU Chenguang2.3 & zhang Zhengmin1 1. marine {2. College, Ocean University of china, qingdao 2.6003, china 2. First institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, qingdao 2.6061, china 3. key laboratory of marine Sedimentology and {12.al {2., State Oceanic Administration, qingdao 2.6061, china 1. marine geology College Ocean University of China 266003 Qingdao China 2. First institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration 266061 Qingdao China 3. key laboratory of {2. Sedimentology and environmental {4. State Oceanic Administration 266061 Qingdao China

Based on compositive analysis and interpretation of the observed and historical data, the geophysical field characters and structural properties of the Gagua “Wedge” Zone of the sea area east of Taiwan Island and the primary tectonic stress direction and its variabilities of backarc spreading in the southern Okinawa Trough are studied. It is concluded from the study results that the Gagua “Wedge” Zone is structurally consistent with the Gagua ridge and two fault basins on both sides of the Gagua ridge, and adjusts the moving direction and distance of the western Philippine Sea plate to make the northwestward motion of the plate on its east side change to the northward subduction of the plate on its west side so that the primary tectonic stress direction of the Okinawa Trough changed from NW-SE to nearly N-S, which provided the stress source for the Okinawa Trough to enter the second spreading stage.

关键词： east of Taiwan Island, Gagua "Wedge" Zone, Okinawa Trough, structural control.

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