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Studies on Li2SO4-MgSO4 and Li2SO4-Li4SiO4 systems

Chinese Journal of Chemistry 1986年第2期4卷 123-132页

作者： LIANG Jing-Kui zhang Yu-Ming, institute of physics, Academia Sinica, {3. institute of physics Academia Sinica. Beijing

The phase equilibria as well as the properties and crystal structures of the compoundsformed in both Li2SO4-MgSO4and Li2SO4-Li4SiO4systems have been studied by means of x-raydiffraction technique（at high and room temperatures）as well as by the thermal analyses（DTA, DSC,TGA, etc.）. In Li2SO4-MgSO4system there exists a compound Mg4Li2（SO4）5formed by peritectic reactionat 840℃ and decomposed at 105℃ into the Li2SO4-base solid solution and MgSO4Mg4Li2（SO4）5and Li2SO4-base solid solution conduct an eutectic reaction at 668℃ with the composition of eutecticpoint lying in 22 mol％MgSO4. The solubility of MgSO4in Li2SO4is a little smaller than 10 mol%while at the same time the Li2SO4phase transition temperature decreases from 574 to 560℃. Onthe other hand, no noticeable solid solubility of Li2SO4in MgSO4has been observed. The reaction4 MgSO4+Li2SO4Mg4Li2（SO4）5is an endothermal one and its heat of formation is 2.57 kJ/mol. The activation energy of the reaction calculated by thermal peak displacement method at variousheating rates is 173.5 kJ/mol （1.80 ev）. The crystal Mg4Li2（SO4）5belongs to orthorhombic systemwith lattice parameters at 180℃: a=8.577, b=8.741. c=11.918 . The space group seems to beeither P222 or P mmm. Assuming that there are two formula units in a unit cell, the density calculatedis then 2.20 g/cm3.ery close to that of Li2SO4or MgSO4. Meanwhile, in Li2SO4-Li4SiO4system a new phase Li8-2x（SiO4）2-x（SO4）xis formed by peri-tectic reaction at 953. with a range of composition x=0.96-0.58. The crystal belongs to ortho-rhombic system with lattice parameters at x=0.8: a=5.002. b=6.173.and c=10.608 . The densityobserved is 2.3. g/cm3.nd there are 2 formula units in an unit cell. It is shown from the measure-ments of piezoelectric and laser SHG coefficients of the crystal that the crystal posseses a symmetricalcenter with the space group belonging to P mmm. The lattice parameter c has a maximum at x=*** the air Li8-2x（SiO4）(2-x)（SO4）xcan absorb 7.6 wt% water vapour a

关键词： Li MgS Studies on Li2SO4-MgSO4 and Li2SO4-Li4SiO4 systems SiO SO

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Primary scientific results of Chang'E-1 lunar mission

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第11期53卷 1565-1581页

The strategic plan for the development of the unmanned Chinese Lunar Exploration Program is characterized by three distinct stages: "orbiting around", "landing on" and "returning from" the Moon. The first Chinese lunar probe, Chang'E-1, which was successfully launched on October 24th, 2007 at Xichang Satellite Launch Center, and guided to crash on the Moon on March 1st, 2009, at 52.3.°E, 1.50°S, in the north of Mare Fecunditatis, is the first step towards the "orbiting around" stage. The Chang'E-1 mission lasted 495 days, exceeding the expected life-span by about four months. A total of 1.3. TB raw data was received from Chang'E-1. It was then processed into 4 TB scientific data products at various levels. Many scientific results have been obtained by analyzing these data, including especially the "global lunar image from the first Chinese lunar explora- tion mission". All scientific goals of Chang'E-1 have been achieved. It provides much useful materials for further advances of lunar sciences and planetary chemistry. Meanwhile, these results will serve as a firm basis for future Chinese lunar missions.

关键词： lunar orbiter Chang’E-1 scientific data results

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Controlling secondary flow in high-lift low-pressure turbine using boundary-layer slot suction

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 21-33页

作者： Xiao QU Liunan LI Yingjie zhang Xingen LU Junqiang ZHU Yanfeng zhang School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Light-Duty Gas-Turbine Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The design of high-lift Low-Pressure Turbines(LPTs)causes the separation of the boundary layer on the suction side of the blade and leads to a strong secondary *** present study aims to minimize secondary losses through endwall slot suction and incoming wakes in a front-loaded high-lift LPT cascade with Zweifel of 1.58 under low Reynolds number of *** slotted schemes for the boundary layer of the endwall were designed(Plan A and Plan B),and the effects of suction mass flow on secondary flow were *** underlying physics of the endwall boundary layer of the suction and secondary flow under unsteady wakes was *** results show that slot suction at the endwall boundary layer can significantly suppress the secondary flow by removing low-momentum *** A and B significantly reduced the secondary kinetic {3. by 44.2%and 3..9%,respectively,compared with the baseline cascade at the suction mass flow ratios of 1%.With an increase in the mass flow ratio of suction,the secondary flow was gradually reduced in both Plans A and *** is more beneficial to control the secondary flow to destroy the intersection of the pressure side and suction side of the horseshoe vortex before it develops into a passage *** unsteady wakes,the combined effects of incoming wakes and endwall boundary layer suction can further suppress the secondary flow at the suction mass flow ratios of 2%for Plan A,because the positive and negative vorticity inside upstream wakes accelerated the mixing of the main flow and secondary flow and thus increased the {3. of secondary vortices.

关键词： Low-pressure turbine Secondary flow Flow control Boundary-layer suction Incoming wake

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Nickel-iron in the second coordination shell boost single-atomicsite iridium catalysts for high-performance urea electrooxidation

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3919-3926页

作者： Xiaoyu Chen Jiawei Wan Jing Chai Liang zhang Fang zhang Qinghua zhang Lin Gu Lirong Zheng Ranbo Yu Department of Physical Chemistry School of Metallurgical and Ecological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and DeliveryChinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center for Combustion energy School of Vehicle and MobilityState Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and MobilityTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Analysis and Testing Center Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials Department of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Single-atom catalysts(SACs)with high catalytic activity as well as great stability are demonstrating great promotion in electrocatalytic energy conversion,which is also a big challenge to ***,we proposed a facile synthetic strategy to construct nickel-iron bimetallic hydroxide nanoribbon stabilized single-atom iridium catalysts(Ir-NiFe-OH),where the nickel-iron hydroxide nanoribbon not only can serve as good electronic conductor,but also can well stabilize and fully expose single-atom *** as catalyst for urea oxidation reaction(UOR),it exhibited excellent UOR performance that it only needed a low operated potential of 1.3. V to achieve the current density of 100 mA·cm^(-2).In-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray absorption spectrum,and density functional theory calculations proved that Ir species are active centers and the existence of both Ni and Fe in the local structure of Ir atom can optimize the d-band center of Ir species,promoting the adsorption of intermediates and desorption of products for *** hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)/UOR electrocatalytic cell demanded voltages of 1.46 and 1.50 V to achieve 50 and 100 mA·cm^(-2),respectively,which demonstrated a higher activity and better stability than those of conventional *** work opens a new avenue to develop catalysts for UORs with boosted activity and stability.

关键词： single-atom iridium coordinate structure nanoribbon urea electrooxidation

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Magnetism of NaYbS_(2):From finite temperatures to ground state

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Science china(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 92-104页

作者： Weizhen Zhuo Zheng zhang Mingtai Xie Anmin zhang Jianting Ji Feng Jin Qingming zhang School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Rare-earth chalcogenide compounds ARECh_(2)(A=alkali or monovalent metal,RE=rare earth,Ch=O,S,Se,Te)are a large family of quantum spin liquid(QSL)candidate ***2is a representative member of the *** key issues on NaYbS_(2),particularly how to determine the highly anisotropic spin Hamiltonian and describe the magnetism at finite temperatures and the ground state,remain to be *** this paper,we conducted an in-depth and comprehensive study on the magnetism of NaYbS_(2) from finite temperatures to the ground ***,we successfully detected three crystalline electric field(CEF)excitation energy levels using low-temperature Raman scattering *** them with the CEF theory and magnetization data,we worked out the CEF parameters,CEF energy levels,and CEF *** further determined a characteristic temperature of~40 K,above which the magnetism is dominated by CEF excitations while below which the spinexchange interactions play a main *** characteristic temperature has been confirmed by the temperature-dependent electron spin resonance(ESR)***-temperature ESR experiments on the dilute magnetic doped crystal of NaYb_(0.1)Lu_(0.9)S_(2) further helped us to determine the accurate ***,we quantitatively obtained the spin-exchange interactions in the spin Hamiltonian by consistently simulating the magnetization and specific heat ***,the above studies allow us to explore the ground state magnetism of NaYbS_(2) by using the density matrix renormalization *** combined numerical calculations and experimental results to demonstrate that the ground state of NaYbS_(2) is a Dirac-like QSL.

关键词： rare-earth chalcogenide anisotropic spin Hamiltonian quantum spin liquid

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AN INTERPRETATION OF THE FORMATION OF SELF-QUENCHING STREAMER

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1986年第8期31卷 515-519页

作者：张良生 institute of high energy {3. Academia Sinica Beijing mechanism for explaining the rate-dependent phenomena of high flux operation of gated multistep avalanche chamber has been reported in my previous paper. The calculation result reported is in accord with experiments. This mechanism may be generalized to explain the formation of self-quenching streamer (SQS).Here we propose another mechanism which is the generalization of the previous one.

A mechanism for explaining the rate-dependent phenomena of high flux operation of gated multistep avalanche chamber has been reported in my previous paper. The calculation result reported is in accord with experiments. This mechanism may be generalized to explain the formation of self-quenching streamer (SQS).Here we propose another mechanism which is the generalization of the previous one.

关键词： gated explain chamber quenching generalization simplified anode accord determ dense

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Studies of low-lying states of even-even Xe isotopes within the nucleon pair approximation

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Science china(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第S1期54卷 103-108页

作者： zhang LiHua1, JIANG Hui1,2 & ZHAO YuMin1,3.4 1institute of Nuclear, Particle, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, china 2School of Arts and Sciences, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 20013., china 3.enter of Theoretical Nuclear physics, National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator, Lanzhou 73.000, china 4CCAST, World Laboratory, P.O. Box 873., beijing 100080, china institute of Nuclear Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Department of Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China School of Arts and Sciences Shanghai Maritime University Shanghai China Center of Theoretical Nuclear physics National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator Lanzhou China CCAST World Laboratory Beijing China

We study the relevance of nucleon pairs with higher spins, in addition to spin-zero and spin-two pairs (i.e., S D pairs), in low-lying states of even-even Xe nuclei. By including those higher-spin pairs in our configuration, we recalculate energy level schemes, elec trical quadrupole moments, magnetic moments and electric quadrupole transition rates, for low-lying states of even-even 128-142Xe nuclei. The agreement between our calculated results and the experimental data is substantially improved in comparison with previous studies.

关键词： nucleon pair approximation shell model configuration space low-lying states

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Compact ultrafast neutron sources via bulk acceleration of deuteron ions in an optical trap

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 22-31页

作者： Zhiyu Lei Hanghang Ma Xiaobo zhang Lin Yu Yihang zhang Yutong Li Suming Weng Min Chen Jie zhang Zhengming Sheng Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and School of physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Centre of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Tsung-Dao Lee institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201210China College of physics and Electronics Engineering Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

A scheme for a quasi-monoenergetic high-flux neutron source with femtosecond duration and highly anisotropic angular distribution is *** scheme is based on bulk acceleration of deuteron ions in an optical trap or density grating formed by two counter-propagating laser pulses at an intensity of-10^(16)W~cm^(2)in a near-critical-density *** deuterons are first pre-accelerated to an energy of tens of keV in the ambipolar fields formed in the optical *** energy is boosted to the MeV level by another one or two laser pulses at an intensity of-10^(20)W~cm^(2),enabling fusion reactions to be triggered with high *** contrast to previously proposed pitcher–catcher configurations,our scheme can provide spatially periodic acceleration structures and effective collisions between deuterons inside the whole target ***,neutrons are generated directly inside the optical *** simulations show that neutron pulses with energy 2–8 MeV,yield 10^(18)–10^(19)n/s,and total number 106–107 in a duration-400 fs can be obtained with a 25μm ***,the neutron pulses exhibit unique angularly dependent energy spectra and flux distributions,predominantly along the axis of the energy-boosting *** microsize femtosecond neutron pulses may find many applications,such as high-resolution fast neutron imaging and nuclear physics research.

关键词： acceleration scheme angular

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Discovery of Partial Differential Equations from highly Noisy and Sparse Data with physics-Informed Information Criterion

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 247-259页

作者： Hao Xu Junsheng Zeng Dongxiao zhang BIC-ESAT EREand SKLTCSCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871P.R.China institute of Applied physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088P.R.China Eastern institute for Advanced Study Eastern Institute of TechnologyNingbo 315200ZhejiangP.R.China National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen(NCAMS) Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongP.R.China Department of Mathematics and Theories Peng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhen 518000GuangdongP.R.China

Data-driven discovery of partial differential equations(PDEs)has recently made tremendous progress,and many canonical PDEs have been discovered successfully for proof of ***,determining the most proper PDE without prior references remains challenging in terms of practical *** this work,a physics-informed information criterion(PIC)is proposed to measure the parsimony and precision of the discovered PDE *** proposed PIC achieves satisfactory robustness to highly noisy and sparse data on 7 canonical PDEs from different physical scenes,which confirms its ability to handle difficult *** PIC is also employed to discover unrevealed macroscale governing equations from microscopic simulation data in an actual physical *** results show that the discovered macroscale PDE is precise and parsimonious and satisfies underlying symmetries,which facilitates understanding and simulation of the physical *** proposition of the PIC enables practical applications of PDE discovery in discovering unrevealed governing equations in broader physical scenes.

关键词： process canonical proof

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Characterization and quantification of multi-field coupling in lithium-ion batteries under mechanical constraints

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 364-379,I0009页

作者： Xue Cai Caiping zhang Zeping Chen Linjing zhang Dirk Uwe Sauer Weihan Li National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Chair for Electrochemical energy Conversion and Storage Systems Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives(ISEA)RWTH Aachen UniversityCampus Boulevard 8952074 AachenGermany Center for Ageing Reliability and Lifetime Prediction of Electrochemical and Power Electronic Systems(CARL)Campus-Boulevard 8952074 AachenGermany Juelich Aachen Research Alliance JARA-EnergyAachenGermany Helmholtz institute Münster(HI MS) IEK-12Forschungszentrum JülichGermany

The safety and durability of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical constraints depend significantly on electrochemical,thermal,and mechanical fields in *** and quantifying the multi-field coupling behaviors requires interdisciplinary ***,we design experiments under mechanical constraints and introduce an in-situ analytical framework to clarify the complex interaction mechanisms and coupling degrees among multi-physics *** proposed analytical framework integrates the parameterization of equivalent models,in-situ mechanical analysis,and quantitative assessment of coupling *** results indicate that the significant impact of pressure on impedance at low temperatures results from the diffusion-controlled step,enhancing kinetics when external pressure,like 180 to 240 k Pa at 10℃,is *** diversity in control steps for the electrochemical reaction accounts for the varying impact of pressure on battery performance across different *** thermal expansion rate suggests that the swelling force varies by less than 1.60%per unit of elevated temperature during the lithiation *** introducing a composite metric,we quantify the coupling correlation and intensity between characteristic parameters and physical fields,uncovering the highest coupling degree in electrochemical-thermal *** results underscore the potential of analytical approaches in revealing the mechanisms of interaction among multi-fields,with the goal of enhancing battery performance and advancing battery management.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Muti-field coupling Mechanical constraints Interaction mechanisms Quantitative analysis

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