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氢吗啡酮静脉注射应用研究

中外医药研究 2024年第8期3卷 165-167页

作者：张伟华刘冰冰暨南大学医学部广东省第二人民医院广东广州510000

氢吗啡酮为阿片类镇痛药物,在多种类型外科手术术后镇痛中广泛应用,其镇痛作用与阿片类受体镇痛机制较为相似,还具有保护神经胶质细胞的作用,镇痛效果是吗啡的数倍,且减少了传统阿片类药物所产生的呕吐副作用。另外,由于氢吗啡酮的高亲... 详细信息

氢吗啡酮为阿片类镇痛药物,在多种类型外科手术术后镇痛中广泛应用,其镇痛作用与阿片类受体镇痛机制较为相似,还具有保护神经胶质细胞的作用,镇痛效果是吗啡的数倍,且减少了传统阿片类药物所产生的呕吐副作用。另外,由于氢吗啡酮的高亲脂性和快速起效特性,使其成为一种理想的镇痛药物,在未来治疗疼痛中具有更广阔的应用前景。该文从氢吗啡酮的药理学分析入手,探讨其药代动力学及静脉注射镇痛的有效性,同时对氢吗啡酮的静脉注射镇痛应用情况及安全性进行分析,以期为临床疼痛管理工作提供借鉴与参考。

关键词：氢吗啡酮静脉注射术后镇痛安全性

回授式健康教育干预对上呼吸道感染发热患儿家长心理健康及知信行水平的影响

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中国健康心理学杂志 2024年第9期32卷 1391-1395页

作者：孟广丽张伟华河南省商丘市第一人民医院神经外科 476100 商丘市第一人民医院呼吸重症科

目的:探讨回授式健康教育干预对上呼吸道感染发热患儿家长心理健康及知信行水平的影响。方法:选取2020年12月-2021年12月某院收治的120例上呼吸道感染发热患儿,随机分为观察组(60例)和对照组(60例),对照组患儿家长予以常规干预,观察组... 详细信息

目的:探讨回授式健康教育干预对上呼吸道感染发热患儿家长心理健康及知信行水平的影响。方法:选取2020年12月-2021年12月某院收治的120例上呼吸道感染发热患儿,随机分为观察组(60例)和对照组(60例),对照组患儿家长予以常规干预,观察组患儿家长除此之外予以回授式健康教育干预。比较两组患儿家长干预前后心理健康状态、知信行水平、生活质量,干预后患儿临床症状消失时间及家长疾病认知程度、干预满意度。结果:观察组干预后SAS、SDS评分与对照组相比下降幅度更明显(t=-3.852,-6.129;P<0.05);观察组患儿咳嗽、发热、鼻塞、充血症状消失时间与对照组相比更短(t=-18.607,-15.745,-19.737,-19.467;P<0.05),家长疾病认知评分与对照组相比更高(t=40.146,P<0.05);观察组干预后预防知识、预防态度、预防行为评分与对照组相比更高(t=14.660,22.476,5.541;P<0.05);观察组干预后生活质量各评分与对照组相比更高(t=4.899,5.528,4.570,2.863;P<0.05);观察组患儿家长干预满意度为96.67%与对照组的77.50%相比更高(χ^(2)=3.930,P<0.05)。结论:回授式健康教育干预有利于改善其心理健康状态,提高知信行水平、生活质量和干预满意度,同时缓解患儿临床症状,增强家长疾病认知。

关键词：回授式健康教育上呼吸道感染家长心理健康知信行水平

2005—2022年珠海市60岁及以上老年肺结核患者登记情况分析

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寄生虫病与感染性疾病 2024年第1期22卷 1-5,10页

作者：张伟华王涛黄弦珠海市第三人民医院广东珠海519000

目的分析2005-2022年珠海市60岁及以上老年肺结核患者的流行特征,为制定结核病防治措施提供依据。方法从结核病管理信息系统中导出登记日期为2005年1月1日至2022年12月31日珠海市60岁及以上老年肺结核患者病案信息,采用Excel 2013和SPSS... 详细信息

目的分析2005-2022年珠海市60岁及以上老年肺结核患者的流行特征,为制定结核病防治措施提供依据。方法从结核病管理信息系统中导出登记日期为2005年1月1日至2022年12月31日珠海市60岁及以上老年肺结核患者病案信息,采用Excel 2013和SPSS 26.0软件进行统计分析,检验水准α=0.05。结果2005-2022年珠海市累计登记老年肺结核患者2760例,占全部肺结核的12.97%。老年肺结核患者占比从2005年的8.08%上升至2022年的21.76%,差异有统计学意义(χ_(趋势)^(2)=466.884,P<0.001)。男性老年患者2100例,占76.09%;60~65岁927例,占33.59%,66~70岁737例,占26.70%。60岁及以上组患者在合并其他部位结核、合并其他部位疾病、复治、病原学检测阳性率、0月序痰涂片阳性、0月序痰培养阳性等方面的构成比均高于60岁以下组;在主动发现、0月序胸片异常、2月末痰涂片阴转、治愈或完成疗程方面的构成比均低于60岁以下组。结论珠海市登记老年肺结核病人占比逐年增高,应针对老年人肺结核的流行特征,强化健康教育、主动筛查、规范诊疗和随访管理。

关键词：肺结核老年人流行特征

Enhanced fatigue property by fabricating a gradient nanostructured surface layer in a reduced-activation steel

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2022年第3期32卷 385-391页

作者： Yanyun Zhao Mengtian Liang Shaojun Liu weihua zhang College of Nuclear Equipment and Nuclear Engineering Yantai University International Academy of Neutron Science Institute of Nuclear Energy Safety Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China)

Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic(RAFM) steels have been selected as candidate structural materials for future advanced nuclear power systems. In the present work, the influence of a gradient nanograined surface layer on the fatigue properties of RAFM steels was studied. A gradient nanostructured(GNS) surface layer with a thickness of ～85 μm was prepared on RAFM steel utilizing surface mechanical rolling treatment(SMRT). The mean grain size was approximate 43 nm at the topmost surface and increased gradually with depth. The results of the stress-controlled tension-compression fatigue experiments showed that the fatigue life enhanced approximately 6 times in the SMRT samples compared to the corresponding base metal counterparts. The relationship between the applied stress amplitude and the fatigue lifetime, and the fracture morphology showed that the surface strengthening and strain delocalization were caused by GNS, which suppressed surface crack initiation process, and hence the fatigue properties of RAFM steels improved. In addition, the deformation compatibility in GNS and coarse-grained boundaries leading to more dislocation interactions and accumulation during the cyclic process, also plays a crucial role in enhancing the fatigue properties of RAFM steel.

关键词： Gradient nanostructure RAFM steels Surface mechanical rolling treatment Fatigue

New optimal algorithm of data association for multi-passive-sensor location system

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Science in China(Series F) 2007年第4期50卷 600-608页

作者： ZHOU Li HE YOU zhang weihua School of Management Ludong University Yantai 264025 China Research Institute of Information Fusion Naval Aeronautical Engineering Institute Yantai 264001 China Property and Logistic Management Ludong University Yantai 264025 China

In dense target and false detection scenario of four time difference of arrival （TDOA） for multi-passive-sensor location system, the global optimal data association algorithm has to be adopted. In view of the heavy calculation burden of the traditional optimal assignment algorithm, this paper proposes a new global optimal assignment algorithm and a 2-stage association algorithm based on a statistic test. Compared with the traditional optimal algorithm, the new optimal algorithm avoids the complicated operations for finding the target position before we calculate association cost; hence, much of the procedure time is saved. In the 2-stage association algorithm, a large number of false location points are eliminated from candidate associations in advance. Therefore, the operation is further decreased, and the correct data association probability is improved in varying degrees. Both the complexity analyses and simulation results can verify the effectiveness of the new algorithms.

关键词： optimal assignment algorithm data association 2-stage association algorithm multi-passive-sensor location system distance difference of arrival (DDOA)

One compound approach combining factor-analytic model with AMMI and GGE biplot to improve multi-environment trials analysis

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第1期31卷 123-130页

作者： weihua zhang Jianlin Hu Yuanmu Yang Yuanzhen Lin College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642People’s Republic of China Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm Guangzhou 510642People’s Republic of China Guangdong Academy of Forestry Guangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China

To improve multi-environmental trial(MET)analysis,a compound method—which combines factor analytic(FA)model with additive main effect and multiplicative interaction(AMMI)and genotype main effect plus genotype-by-environment interaction(GGE)biplot—was conducted in this *** diameter at breast height of 36 open-pollinated(OP)families of Pinus taeda at six sites in South China was used as a raw *** best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP)data of all individual trees in each site was obtained by fitting the spatial effects with the FA method from raw *** raw data and BLUP data were analyzed and compared by using the AMMI and GGE *** results showed that the six sites were heterogeneous and spatial variation could be effectively fitted by spatial analysis with the FA *** analysis identified that two datasets had highly significant effects on the site,family,and their interactions,while BLUP data had a smaller residual error,but higher variation explaining ability and more credible stability than raw *** biplot results revealed that raw data and BLUP data had different results in mega-environment delineation,test-environment evaluation,and genotype *** addition,BLUP data results were more reasonable due to the stronger analytical ability of the first two principal *** study suggests that the compound method combing the FA method with the AMMI and GGE biplot could improve the analysis result of MET data in Pinus teada as it was more reliable than direct AMMI and GGE biplot analysis on raw data.

关键词： Additive main effect and multiplicative interaction Best linear unbiased prediction GGE biplot Genotype by environment interaction Multi-environment trial

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西藏高原人体舒适度指数时空变化特征分析

干旱区地理 2024年第6期47卷 980-992页

作者：李积宏周刊社张东东普布多吉张伟华史继清那曲市气象局西藏那曲852000 西藏自治区气候中心西藏拉萨850000

利用西藏高原38个气象站1981-2020年逐日气象观测资料及1970-2000年30 s空间分辨率气候数据,对人体舒适度指数(ICHB)及高原人体舒适度指数(PICHB)时空变化特征进行分析。研究表明:(1)西藏高原近40 a ICHB呈显著上升趋势,整个西藏高原年I... 详细信息

利用西藏高原38个气象站1981-2020年逐日气象观测资料及1970-2000年30 s空间分辨率气候数据,对人体舒适度指数(ICHB)及高原人体舒适度指数(PICHB)时空变化特征进行分析。研究表明:(1)西藏高原近40 a ICHB呈显著上升趋势,整个西藏高原年ICHB升高率为0.76·(10a)-1,各气候区年ICHB升高率为(0.57~0.98)·(10a)^(-1)。季ICHB升高率在时间上表现为冬季>秋季>春季>夏季。(2)年ICHB和季ICHB的升高率在空间上表现为西部>北部>东北部>东南部>中部、南部边缘。(3)PICHB空间上表现为寒冷特不舒适、重度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、西部及东北部的高山上;冷不舒适、重度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、中部及南部边缘的高山上;冷不舒适、中度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、中部和南部边缘等区域的较低海拔地区;凉较不舒适、轻度高原反应的区域主要分布在东南部和南部边缘地区;不冷不热舒适、无高原反应的区域主要分布在错那县南部和墨脱县南部。随着西藏高原近40 a和未来气候“暖湿化”的变化趋势,各地月ICHB、季ICHB、年ICHB明显提高,PICHB也发生相应的变化,均向着舒适度升高的方向发展。

关键词：高原反应指数人体舒适度指数高原人体舒适度指数西藏高原

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紧急制动工况下虚拟轨道列车车间铰接力研究

动力学与控制学报 2024年第8期22卷 66-74页

作者：王谭明杨蔡进赵煜徐菁蔡立雅张卫华西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室成都610031 盐城工学院机械优集学院盐城224051

围绕一种新型多轴铰接式城市轨道交通工具——虚拟轨道列车,针对路面附着条件变化会造成轮胎制动力不足、车轮抱死和车间铰接力增大的问题,提出了一种考虑路面附着系数的列车自动紧急制动策略.首先,采用扩展卡尔曼滤波和模型预测控制原... 详细信息

围绕一种新型多轴铰接式城市轨道交通工具——虚拟轨道列车,针对路面附着条件变化会造成轮胎制动力不足、车轮抱死和车间铰接力增大的问题,提出了一种考虑路面附着系数的列车自动紧急制动策略.首先,采用扩展卡尔曼滤波和模型预测控制原理设计了上层控制器,基于实时估计的路面附着系数、列车制动舒适性和安全性,确定列车期望制动加速度;其次,基于轴荷比例分配原则和PID反馈补偿控制原理设计了下层控制器,根据列车期望制动加速度确定列车各轮胎的制动力矩;最后,搭建了Matlab/Simulink与Trucksim联合仿真平台,研究了列车制动过程中车间铰接力变化情况.结果表明,列车载重、制动初始车速以及路面附着系数变化对车间最大铰接力有影响;本文的制动策略具有良好的鲁棒性,在不同工况下能够有效防止车轮抱死、减小最大铰接力,提高列车制动过程中的舒适性和安全性.

关键词：虚拟轨道列车车间铰接力自动紧急制动路面附着系数估计扩展卡尔曼滤波模型预测控制

Numerical Study on Aerodynamic Performance of High-Speed Pantograph with Double Strips

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2020年第1期16卷 31-40页

作者： Zhiyuan Dai Tian Li weihua zhang Jiye zhang State-key Laboratory of Traction Power Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina

Pantograph is a critical component of the high-speed *** collects power through contact with catenary,which significantly affects the running safety of the *** with double collector strips is one common *** aerodynamic performance of the collector strips may affect the current collection of the *** this study,the aerodynamic performance of the pantograph with double strips is *** numerical results are consistent with the experimental *** error in the aerodynamic drag force of the pantograph between numerical and experimental results is less than 5%.Three different conditions of the strips are studied,including the front strip,the rear strip,and the double *** show that the presence of the front strip will affect the lift force of the rear strip,and reduce the resistance of the rear strip under the opening ***,the rear strip has few effects on the front strip under the opening operation *** law of the resistance for the interaction between two strips under the closing condition is similar to the opening one.

关键词： Pantograph double strip train aerodynamics numerical simulation