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Artificial synthesis of polyesters at ambient condition via consecutive CO_(2)electrolysis and fermentation

Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6016-6025页

作者： Guiru zhang Ning Ji Shiheng Lyu Baoxin Ni Peng Shen Ke Ye Yuting Wang Xuheng Jiang hai zhang Xi Liu Yongcheng Wang Kun Jiang Department of Laboratory Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital&Liangzhu Laboratory Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China Interdisciplinary Research Center School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China In-situ Centre for Physical Sciences Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Electrochemically converting CO_(2)into value-added chemicals is a promising approach to mitigate anthropogenic carbon emissions,yet largely limited to short-chained C_(1)–C_(3)***,we demonstrate a tandem artificial synthesis of biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate(PHB)plastic from CO_(2)building *** synthesis of defects-enriched Bi catalyst is firstly demonstrated by plasma bombardment and following in situ electrochemical reduction,which delivers a HCOOH Faradaic efficiency above 80%at tunable concentration from 2 to 250 mM,an energy efficiency up to 41%,and a single-pass carbon conversion efficiency up to 60%.Annular dark field and second electron microscopic analysis,density functional theory(DFT)calcualtions,coupled with H-type and solid-state electrolyzer assessments,point out the vital role of defective and/or stepped Bi surface sites in promoting CO_(2)-to-HCOOH ***,as-synthesized high-purity HCOOH is used as the sole carbon source for C-chain growth within microbial fermentation reactor with Ralstonia eutropha,where activated formate dehydrogenase and increased metabolites related to Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle are found to be responsible for the enhanced polyester accumulation.

关键词： CO_(2)electrolysis Bi catalyst vacancy site formic acid fermentation

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Distribution of pathogenic bacteria and antimicrobial sensitivity of eye infections in Suzhou

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 700-706页

作者： Li zhang hai-zhang You Guo-Hui Wang Wei Xu Jian-Shan Li Qing-Liang Zhao Shu Du Department of Hospital-Acquired Infection Control Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215021Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Administrative Office Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215021Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Laboratory Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215021Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215021Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Corneal and Lacrimal Passage Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215021Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Fundus Diseases and Ocular Trauma Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215021Jiangsu ProvinceChina

AIM:To investigate the types of bacteria in patients with eye infections in Suzhou and their drug resistance to commonly used antibacterial ***:The clinical data of 155 patients were retrospectively collected in this study,and the pathogenic bacteria species and drug resistance of each pathogenic bacteria were ***:Among the 155 patients(age from 12 to 87 years old,with an average age of 57,99 males and 56 females)with eye infections(160 eyes:74 in the left eye,76 in the right eye and 5 in both eyes,all of which were exogenous),71(45.81%)strains were gram-positive bacteria,23(14.84%)strains were gram-negative bacteria and 61(39.35%)strains were ***-positive bacteria were highly resistant to penicillin and erythromycin(78.87%and 46.48%respectively),but least resistant to vancomycin at ***-negative bacteria were highly resistant to cefoxitin and compound sulfamethoxazole(100%and 95.65%respectively),but least resistant to meropenem at *** of the resistance of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria to some drugs revealed statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in the resistance of both to cefoxitin,cotrimoxazole,levofloxacin,cefuroxime,ceftriaxone and ceftazidime,and both had higher rates of resistance to gram-negative bacteria than to gram-positive *** distribution of bacterial infection strains showed that Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common strain in the conjunctiva,cornea,aqueous humor or vitreous body and other eye ***,Fusarium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were also among the most common strains of conjunctival and corneal ***:Gram-positive bacteria are the dominant bacteria in eye infections,followed by gram-negative bacteria and *** the resistance of gramnegative bacteria to multiple drugs,monitoring of bacteria should be strengthened in eye bacterial infections for effective prevention and control to reduce complications caused by eye infections.

关键词： eye infection pathogenic bacteria drug resistance antimicrobial sensitivity test

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Against all odds:The road to success in the development of human immune reconstitution mice

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第4期7卷 460-470页

作者： Yixiao Bin Jing Ren Haowei zhang Tianjiao zhang Peijuan Liu Zhiqian Xin haijiao Yang Zhuan Feng Zhinan Chen hai zhang School of Basic Medical Sciences Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangChina Department of Cell Biology National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina Department of Occupational&Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment School of Public HealthFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina

The mouse genome has a high degree of homology with the human genome,and its physiological,biochemical,and developmental regulation mechanisms are similar to those of humans;therefore,mice are widely used as experimental ***,it is undeniable that interspecies differences between humans and mice can lead to experimental *** differences in the immune system have become an impor-tant factor limiting current immunological *** application of immunodefi-cient mice provides a possible solution to these *** transplanting human immune cells or tissues,such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells or hematopoietic stem cells,into immunodeficient mice,a human immune system can be reconstituted in the mouse body,and the engrafted immune cells can elicit human-specific immune *** have been actively exploring the development and differen-tiation conditions of host recipient animals and grafts in order to achieve better im-mune *** genetic engineering methods,immunodeficient mice can be further modified to provide a favorable developmental and differentiation microenvironment for the *** initially only being able to reconstruct single T lymphocyte lineages,it is now possible to reconstruct lymphoid and myeloid cells,providing important research tools for immunology-related *** this review,we compare the differences in immune systems of humans and mice,describe the devel-opment history of human immune reconstitution from the perspectives of immuno-deficient mice and grafts,and discuss the latest advances in enhancing the efficiency of human immune cell reconstitution,aiming to provide important references for im-munological related researches.

关键词： hematopoietic stem cell human immune reconstitution immune response immunodeficient mice peripheral blood mononuclear cell transplantation

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SETDB1-mediated CD147-K71 di-methylation promotes cell apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 978-992页

作者： Ming-Yan Shi Yarong Wang Ying Shi Ruofei Tian Xiaohong Chen hai zhang Ke Wang Zhinan Chen Ruo Chen National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi 710032China

Protein post-translational modifications(PTMs)are at the heart status of cellular signaling events and broadly involved in tumor ***147 is a tumor biomarker with various PTMs,promoting tumor metastasis and metabolism ***,the relationship between the PTMs of CD147 and apoptosis has not been *** our study,we produced a specific anti-CD147-K71 di-methylation(CD147-K71me2)antibody by immunizing with a di-methylated peptide and observed that the level of CD147-K71me2 in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)tissues were lower than that in NSCLC adjacent ***1 was identified as the methyltransferase catalyzing CD147 to generate ***-seq showed that FOSB was the most significant differentially expressed gene(DEG)between wild-type CD147(CD147-WT)and K71-mutant CD147(CD147-K71R)***,we found that CD147-K71me2 promoted the expression of FOSB by enhancing the phosphorylation of p38,leading to tumor cell *** vivo experiments showed that CD147-K71me2 significantly inhibited tumor progression by promoting cell *** together,our findings indicate the inhibitory role of CD147-K71me2 in tumor progression from the perspective of post-translational modification,which is distinct from the pro-cancer function of CD147 itself,broadening our perspective on tumor-associated antigen CD147.

关键词： CD147 di-methylation Cell apoptosis FOSB Non-small cell lung cancer SETDB1

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NH_(3)/CH_(4)/CH_(3)OH多孔介质燃烧特性模拟研究

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中国电机工程学报 2024年第1期44卷 174-181,I0014页

作者：李亮张瑞方张扬张海热科学与动力工程重点实验室(清华大学能源与动力工程系) 北京市海淀区100084

氨(NH_(3))是一种无碳燃料,有望作为热能发电的替代燃料降低碳排放。多孔介质燃烧是一种可提高燃烧速率和稳定性的燃烧技术,实验表明其用于氨与反应性更强的燃料进行混燃可以同时提高燃烧强度和燃烧稳定性,但缺乏相应的模型研究。该文... 详细信息

氨(NH_(3))是一种无碳燃料,有望作为热能发电的替代燃料降低碳排放。多孔介质燃烧是一种可提高燃烧速率和稳定性的燃烧技术,实验表明其用于氨与反应性更强的燃料进行混燃可以同时提高燃烧强度和燃烧稳定性,但缺乏相应的模型研究。该文基于多孔介质导热强度高的特性,其内部燃烧满足一维假设,建立了一维多孔介质燃烧模型,对NH_(3)分别与甲烷(CH_(4))、甲醇(CH_(3)OH)掺混时的燃烧特性进行模型计算。计算结果显示多孔介质对两种混合燃料的作用不同,对于CH_(4)/NH_(3)燃料,多孔介质可以明显提高燃烧速率并降低富燃状态的NH_(3)残留;对于CH_(3)OH/NH_(3)燃料,提高燃烧速率和降低NH_(3)残留的效果较差;对两种混合燃料,可燃气体预混后直接送入多孔介质燃烧都增加一定的NOx排放,增加效果相同,而分级燃烧可以显著降低NOx排放。

关键词：多孔介质氨燃烧模拟研究燃烧速率 NOx排放

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氨燃料在燃烧设备中的应用及展望

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洁净煤技术 2024年第5期30卷 46-55页

作者：张瑞方张扬张海清华大学能源与动力工程系、热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室北京100084

在碳中和战略背景下,氨(NH_(3))作为一种无碳燃料受到广泛关注,近年来在全面开展氨燃料燃烧基础研究的同时,也在多种工业设备上开展应用研究和工程示范。介绍多种应用场景氨燃料经济性的最新进展,综述了氨燃料在燃煤锅炉等燃烧设备中的... 详细信息

在碳中和战略背景下,氨(NH_(3))作为一种无碳燃料受到广泛关注,近年来在全面开展氨燃料燃烧基础研究的同时,也在多种工业设备上开展应用研究和工程示范。介绍多种应用场景氨燃料经济性的最新进展,综述了氨燃料在燃煤锅炉等燃烧设备中的应用研究进展,重点关注各类应用研究在克服氨燃烧性质较差、NO_(x)排放高两大技术挑战上采取的措施,展望了氨燃料燃烧技术发展前景。工业应用研究表明,氨燃料可通过与原有燃料或H_(2)、甲烷等高活性燃料掺混燃烧提高燃烧强度,甚至可通过预热、催化分解及富氧等措施实现单独燃烧;在各类燃烧设备中降低NO_(x)最普遍有效方法是空气分级燃烧。内燃机中NH_(3)较易稳定燃烧,但NO_(x)排放偏高,控制NO_(x)排放是未来工作重点。NH_(3)燃料在燃气轮机的应用研究主要集中在数值模拟和少量小型燃机试验,实现NH_(3)稳定、低NO_(x)燃烧,但缺乏大型燃机工业研究。NH_(3)燃料在锅炉上应用研究集中在煤粉锅炉中氨煤混燃,我国近期在300 MW煤粉锅炉上开展最大掺NH_(3)热值比为35%的工业试验。发展更高掺NH_(3)比燃烧技术是该应用方向发展的重点。循环流化床(CFB)锅炉NH_(3)燃烧技术具有独特优势,建议重点关注。

关键词：氨燃料燃烧工业应用碳中和

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cNPAS2 inducedβcell dysfunction by regulating KANK1 expression in type 2 diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1932-1941页

作者： Yan-Bin Yin Wei Ji Ying-Lan Liu Qian-Hao Gao Dong-Dong He Shi-Lin Xu Jing-Xin Fan Li-hai zhang Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi UniversityJiamusi 154000Heilongjiang ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai 264199Shandong ProvinceChina Operating Room The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi UniversityJiamusi 154000Heilongjiang ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Jiangbei HospitalWuhan 430100Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi UniversityJiamusi 154000Heilongjiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus type 2(T2DM)is formed by defective insulin secretion with the addition of peripheral tissue resistance of insulin *** has been affecting over 400 million people all over the *** To explore the pathogenesis of T2DM and to develop and implement new prevention and treatment strategies for *** Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to conduct diagnostic *** expression level of genes was determined by reverse transcription-PCR as well as Western *** proliferation assays were performed by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)*** last,T2DM mice underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass *** We found that NPAS2 was significantly up-regulated in isletβcell apoptosis of *** ROC curve revealed that NPAS2 was capable of accurately diagnosing ***2 overexpression did increase the level of *** addition,the CCK-8 test revealed knocking down NPAS2 and KANK1 increased the proliferation of MIN6 *** last,we found that gastric bypass may treat type 2 diabetes by down-regulating NPAS2 and *** This study demonstrated that NPAS2 inducedβcell dysfunction by regulating KANK1 expression in type 2 diabetes,and it may be an underlying therapy target of T2DM.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus type 2 KANK1 NPAS2 Gastric bypass

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基于迭代增强变分模态提取的滚动轴承复合故障诊断

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振动与冲击 2024年第7期43卷 255-265页

作者：张家军马萍张海张宏立新疆大学电气工程学院乌鲁木齐830017 新疆大学工程训练中心乌鲁木齐830017

针对变分模态提取对多分量复合故障提取能力不足,且存在中心频率和平衡因子两个超参数优化等问题,提出了一种迭代增强变分模态提取(iterative enhanced variational mode extraction,IEVME)的滚动轴承复合故障诊断新方法。首先,提出引... 详细信息

针对变分模态提取对多分量复合故障提取能力不足,且存在中心频率和平衡因子两个超参数优化等问题,提出了一种迭代增强变分模态提取(iterative enhanced variational mode extraction,IEVME)的滚动轴承复合故障诊断新方法。首先,提出引入中心频率趋势收敛现象优化VME的初始中心频率,使其能自适应寻找合适的初始中心频率进行提取并加入新的收敛准则对信号进行迭代提取的迭代变分模态提取方法(iterative variational mode extraction,IVME);然后,通过优化IVME的平衡因子得到多个分量信号,再利用图拉普拉斯能量指数选取最优分量进行重构;接着,为全面提取复合故障信号中的主要周期,提出了结合加强运算减去运算的增强最小噪声幅值解卷积(enhanced minimum noise amplitude deconvolution,EMNAD)方法,以降低噪声并增强相对较弱的周期信号;最后,通过融合平方包络谱实现对滚动轴承的复合故障诊断。将所提方法应用到滚动轴承复合故障诊断中,通过仿真和实例信号验证所提IEVME方法的有效性和鲁棒性,并将所提方法与现有多种方法进行对比,结果表明所提IEVME方法准确性更高,效果更优。

关键词：滚动轴承迭代增强变分模态提取(IEVME) 增强最小噪声幅值解卷积(EMNAD) 复合故障诊断

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Effect of annealing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Zr-Nd alloy with large final rolling deformation

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第6期31卷 1774-1789页

作者： zhang Jin-hai NIE Kai-bo zhang Jin-hua DENG Kun-kun LIU Zhi-long College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China State Key Laboratory of High-end Compressor and System Technology Hefei 230031China

In this study,the Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr-χNd(χ=0,0.6)alloys were subjected to final rolling treatment with large deformation of 50%.The impact of annealing temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties was *** rolled Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr-0.6Nd alloy exhibited an ultimate tensile strength of 386 MPa,a yield strength of 361 MPa,and an elongation of 7.1%.Annealing at different temperatures resulted in reduced strength and obviously increased elongation for both *** mechanical properties for the Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr-0.6Nd alloy were achieved after annealing at 200℃,with an ultimate tensile strength of 287 MPa,a yield strength of 235 MPa,and an elongation of 26.1%.The numerous deformed microstructures,twins,and precipitated phases in the rolled alloy could impede the deformation at room temperature and increase the work hardening *** annealing,a decrease in the work hardening effect and an increase in the dynamic recovery effect were obtained due to the formation of fine equiaxed grains,and the increased volume fraction of precipitated phases,which significantly improved the elongation of the ***,the addition of Nd element could enhance the annealing recrystallization rate,reduce the Schmid factor difference between basal and prismatic slip systems,facilitate multi-system slip initiation and improve the alloy plasticity.

关键词： Mg-Zn-Zr-Nd alloy large final rolling deformation annealing temperatures microstructures mechanical properties

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算法治理中的不确定风险及其应对

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科学学研究 2024年第9期42卷 1800-1807页

作者：张海柱东北大学文法学院辽宁沈阳110169

算法治理是数字化时代公共治理或政府管理转型的重要趋势。作为一项新兴技术,算法应用面临许多未知、不确定性和非预期后果,由此产生了“不确定风险”这种特殊风险类型。算法应用的不确定风险根据生成领域、程度与性质可以划分为多种类... 详细信息

算法治理是数字化时代公共治理或政府管理转型的重要趋势。作为一项新兴技术,算法应用面临许多未知、不确定性和非预期后果,由此产生了“不确定风险”这种特殊风险类型。算法应用的不确定风险根据生成领域、程度与性质可以划分为多种类型。从算法治理的工具、主体与情境角度的分析表明,算法技术特性、决策主体模糊性以及公共治理复杂性是不确定风险的来源或产生原因。基于不确定风险的特殊性,需要实现“确定性思维”向“不确定性思维”的转换,在此基础上可以通过参与式算法设计、算法公共性原则和适应性治理机制来进行应对。

关键词：算法治理算法风险不确定风险不确定性思维风险应对

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