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The specificity of ten non-digestible carbohydrates to enhance butyrate-producing bacteria and butyrate production in vitro fermentation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第6期12卷 2344-2354页

作者： Jingjing Xu Ruyue Wang Weibao Liu Zhongwei Yin Jianrong Wu Xun Yu Wen Wang Hongtao zhang Zhitao Li minjie Gao Li Zhu Xiaobei zhan Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Wuxi Second People's Hospital Wuxi 214125China L&F Biotech.Ltd.7144 Collister Dr.Burnaby BC V5A3P6 Canada

Butyrate and butyrate-producing bacteria are important indicators of gut microbial metabolism in human *** non-digestible carbohydrates(NDCs),including inulin,fructooligosaccharide(FOS),oatsβ-glucans(OGS),oatsβ-glucan oligosaccharides(OGOS),Astragalus polysaccharides(APS),Astragalus oligosaccharides(AOS),xanthan gum oligosaccharides(XGOS),gellan gum oligosaccharides(GGOS),curdlan oligosaccharides(COS),and pullulan oligosaccharides(POS)were used to investigate NDC specifi city in modulating butyrate-producing bacteria and butyrate production in 48 h in vitro fermentation studies in combination with fecal inocula from 7 healthy donors and 11 patients with type 2 diabetes(T2D).We observed that the amount of these ten NDCs utilized depended on NDC structure and inter-individual gut microbial *** and GGOS fermentations signifi cantly increased butyrate-producing bacteria(especially f_Lachnospiraceae)and butyric acid ***,XGOS and GGOS fermentations showed a better ability to consistently modulate gut microbiota composition and metabolic properties between individuals of healthy donors or T2D patients when compared to inulin,FOS,APS,AOS,OGS,OGOS,COS and POS *** research indicated that xanthan gum and gellan gum oligosaccharides have strong specifi city to enhance butyrate-producing bacteria and butyrate production.

关键词： Non-digestible carbohydrates Gut microbiota Butyric acid Butyrate-producing bacteria

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几种单胞藻对双刺纺锤水蚤雌体繁殖的影响

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海洋与湖沼 2008年第6期39卷 612-618页

作者：张展孙松李捷陶振铖中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室青岛266071 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 中国海洋大学青岛266003 青岛理工大学环境学院青岛266033

研究6种饵料微藻:微绿球藻(Nannochloropsis oculata)、小球藻(***)、球等鞭金藻(Isochrysis galbana)、三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)、亚心形扁藻(Platymonas subordi-formis)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)对双刺纺锤水蚤(Acartiabifilosa)雌体繁殖的影响,以探索适合培养双刺纺锤水蚤的藻类。应用解剖镜下计数方法对雌体存活率、产卵率、孵化率、排粪率几个指标进行检测。结果表明微绿球藻、小球藻和球等鞭金藻明显不适于用作雌体饵料;中肋骨条藻组产卵率最高,亚心形扁藻和三角褐指藻组的产卵率没有显著差异;亚心形扁藻组的排粪率明显低于中肋骨条藻和三角褐指藻组;摄食三角褐指藻的雌体所产的卵其平均孵化率要显著低于亚心形扁藻和中肋骨条藻;亚心形扁藻组雌体的产卵率尽管较中肋骨条藻组低,但却保持最高的雌体存活率,而且排粪率也要比中肋骨条藻低得多。综合比较得出结论:6种饵料微藻中,亚心形扁藻和中肋骨条藻是两种最适宜培养双刺纺锤水蚤雌体的优良饵料,二者混合使用效果会更好。

关键词：双刺纺锤水蚤单胞藻繁殖生长表现

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微生物絮凝剂在给水处理中的应用研究

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中国给水排水 2001年第2期17卷 5-7页

作者：邓述波余刚蒋展鹏胡筱敏罗茜清华大学环境科学与工程系北京100084 东北大学安全与环境系辽宁沈阳110006

从土壤中分离筛选得到一株能产高效絮凝剂的硅酸盐芽孢杆菌 ,该菌产生的絮凝剂MBFA9具有用量少、絮凝效果好等特点。在 50 0 0mg/L的高岭土悬浮液中使用该絮凝剂 ,絮凝率高达 99.6 % ,絮凝剂 (培养液 )用量仅为 0 .1mL/L ,约为一般生物... 详细信息

从土壤中分离筛选得到一株能产高效絮凝剂的硅酸盐芽孢杆菌 ,该菌产生的絮凝剂MBFA9具有用量少、絮凝效果好等特点。在 50 0 0mg/L的高岭土悬浮液中使用该絮凝剂 ,絮凝率高达 99.6 % ,絮凝剂 (培养液 )用量仅为 0 .1mL/L ,约为一般生物絮凝剂用量的 1/ 10～ 1/ 2 0 0 ,提纯分析发现絮凝剂MBFA9由含有糖醛酸、中性糖和氨基糖的多糖构成。

关键词：微生物絮凝剂絮凝剂MBFA9 给水处理

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桡足类与硅藻相互作用的研究进展

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生态学杂志 2005年第9期24卷 1085-1089页

作者：李捷李超伦张展陶振铖中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室青岛理工大学环境学院青岛266033 中国科学院研究生院北京100039

硅藻对桡足类繁殖的影响是近年来海洋生态学的热点问题,主要体现在降低了桡足类的产卵和孵化成功率。其可能原因在于硅藻大量繁殖后由于缺乏某种关键营养物质或自身产生某种抑制物阻碍了桡足类繁殖过程。但目前现场、室内实验结果不一:... 详细信息

硅藻对桡足类繁殖的影响是近年来海洋生态学的热点问题,主要体现在降低了桡足类的产卵和孵化成功率。其可能原因在于硅藻大量繁殖后由于缺乏某种关键营养物质或自身产生某种抑制物阻碍了桡足类繁殖过程。但目前现场、室内实验结果不一:室内实验结果显示硅藻对桡足类繁殖的抑制作用主要是因为缺乏必要的多不饱和酸(PUFAs)。而现场实验结果则表明硅藻可产生次级代谢产物(小分子量的醛类)阻碍桡足类卵的孵化。由于目前对这种硅藻-桡足类相互作用机制和影响程度尚不清楚,如果这一现象在自然海区中普遍存在,传统上关于“硅藻-桡足类-鱼类”的海洋经典食物链观点势必存在极大的缺陷。文章介绍了这一问题的目前研究进展和将来的研究前景。

关键词：硅藻-桡足类相互作用产卵率孵化成功率

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Polymer Photovoltaic Cells

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2005年第5期44卷 717-718页

作者： Jianhui Hou Chunhe Yang Erjun Zhou Chang He zhan＇ ao Tan Youjun He Yongfang Li CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Center for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

Polymer photovoltaic cells (PPVCs) have attracted much attention recently because of its easy fabrication, low cost and possibility to make flexible devices[1]. PPVC is composed of a conjugated polymer/C60blend layer (photosensitive layer) sandwiched between a transparent ITO electrode and a metal *** a light through ITO electrode irradiates on the photosensitive layer, the photons with appropriate energy will be absorbed by the conjugated polymer (CP) and excitons (electron-hole pair) are produced. The excitons move to the interface of CP/C60 where the electrons transfer to the LUMO of C60 and holes leave on the HOMO of the CP. The separated electrons migrate through the C60 network to and are collected by the metal electrode, and the holes migrate through the CP network to and are collected by the ITO electrode, so that the photocurrent and photovoltage are attained.

关键词：光电电池共轭聚合体太阳能电池电极电解液

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Aging Precipitation Behavior of 18Cr-16Mn-2Mo-1.1N High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel and Its Influences on Mechanical Properties

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第8期19卷 43-51页

作者： LI Hua-bing, JIANG Zhou-hua, FENG Hao, MA Qi-feng, zhan Dong-ping (School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China) School of Materials and Metallurgy Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning China

The solution-treated (ST) condition and aging precipitation behavior of 18Cr-16Mn-2Mo-1.1N high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel (HNS) were investigated by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the ST condition of 18Cr-16Mn-2Mo-1.1N HNS with wN above 1% is identified as 1100 ℃ for 90 min, followed by water quenching to make sure the secondary phases completely dissolve into austenitic matrix and prevent the grains coarsening too much. Initial time-temperature-precipitation (TTP) curve of aged 18Cr-16Mn-2Mo-1.1N HNS which starts with precipitation of 0.05% in volume fraction is defined and the 'nose' temperature of precipitation is found to be 850 ℃ with an incubation period of 1 min. Hexagonal intergranular and cellular Cr2N with a=0.478 nm and c=0.444 nm precipitates gradually increase in the isothermal aging treatment. The matrix nitrogen depletion due to the intergranular and a few cellular Cr2N precipitates induces the decay of Vickers hardness, and the increment of cellular Cr2N causes the increase in the values. Impact toughness presents a monotonic decrease and SEM morphologies show the leading brittle intergranular fracture. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and elongation (El) deteriorate obviously. Stress concentration occurs when the matrix dislocations pile up at the interfaces of precipitation and matrix, and the interfacial dislocations may become precursors to the misfit dislocations, which can form small cleavage facets and accelerate the formation of cracks.

关键词： solution-treated condition aging precipitation behavior time-temperature-precipitation curve high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel mechanical property

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The double face of miR-320:cardiomyocytes-derived miR-320 deteriorated while fibroblasts-derived miR-320 protected against heart failure induced by transverse aortic constriction

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第3期6卷 950-961页

作者： Xudong zhang Shuai Yuan Huaping Li Jiabing zhan Feng Wang Jiahui Fan Xiang Nie Yan Wang Zheng Wen Yanghui Chen Chen Chen Dao Wen Wang Division of Cardiology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic DisordersHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are aberrantly expressed in the pathophysiologic process of heart failure(HF).However,the functions of a certain miRNA in different cardiac cell types during HF are scarcely reported,which might be covered by the globe effects of it on the *** the current study,Langendorff system was applied to isolate card io myocytes(CMs)and cardiac fibroblasts(CFs)from transverse aortic constriction(TAC)-induced *** increase of miR-320 expression was observed in the whole heart tissue of TAC ***,miR-320 was significantly elevated in CMs but decreased in CFs from TAC mice at different time ***,recombinant adeno-associated virus 9 with cell-type-specific promoters were used to manipulate miR-320 expressions in *** in vitro and in vivo experiments showed the miR-320 overexpression in CMs exacerbated cardiac dysfunction,whereas overexpression of miR-320 in CFs alleviated cardiac fibrosis and ***,downstream signaling pathway analyses revealed that miR-320 might induce various effects via targeting PLEKHM3 and IFITM1 in CMs and CFs,***,miR-320 mediated effects could be abolished by PLEKHM3 re-expression in CMs or IFITM1 re-expression in ***,miR-320 treated CFs were able to indirectly affect CMs function,but not vice ***,upstream signaling pathway analyses showed that miR-320 expression and decay rate were rigorously manipulated by Ago2,which was regulated by a cluster of cell-type-specific TFs distinctively expressed in CMs and CFs,***,we demonstrated that miR-320 functioned differently in various cell types of the heart during the progression of HF.

关键词： miR elevated transverse

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基于卷积神经网络的城墙多光谱成像病害检测方法

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激光与光电子学进展 2024年第4期61卷 532-540页

作者：李敏王慧琴王可王展李源西安建筑科技大学信息与控制工程学院陕西西安710055 陕西省文物保护研究院陕西西安710075 西安博物院陕西西安710074

针对传统城墙病害检测采用人工勘测方法,检测效率较低且易受到主观因素干扰等问题,提出一种基于卷积神经网络的城墙多光谱成像病害无损检测方法,利用最小噪声分离方法对城墙多光谱成像数据进行预处理,降低数据维度的同时保留原始数据特... 详细信息

针对传统城墙病害检测采用人工勘测方法,检测效率较低且易受到主观因素干扰等问题,提出一种基于卷积神经网络的城墙多光谱成像病害无损检测方法,利用最小噪声分离方法对城墙多光谱成像数据进行预处理,降低数据维度的同时保留原始数据特征,减少数据噪声;为解决城墙不同病害类型的像素混杂多样造成分类准确率较低的问题,利用卷积操作对城墙病害进行特征提取,保留最重要的特征并去除无关特征,稀疏网络模型;通过全连接层对提取到的特征进行整合梳理和分类,并加入两次dropout防止过拟合问题的出现。最后在城墙多光谱数据集上,使用训练后的卷积神经网络分类模型对城墙病害进行像素级分类检测,并将预测结果进行可视化展示。实验结果表明:总体精度和Kappa系数分别为93.28%和0.91,表明所提方法是有效的,该方法对提高城墙病害检测准确率、掌握城墙病害分布具有重要意义。

关键词：光谱学卷积神经网络多光谱成像像素级分类城墙病害

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Early-Mid Ordovician brachiopod diversification in South China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第5期48卷 662-675页

作者： zhan Renbin, RONG Jiayu, CHENG Jinhui & CHEN Pengfei Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing 210008, China Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing China

Affected by paleogeographic position, paleoclimatic condition and depositional environments, the increase of the Early-Mid Ordovician brachiopod diversity of South China commenced at the beginning of the Ordovician (early Tremadoc), accelerated from the Tetra- graptus approximatus Biozone (base of Arenig), and reached its first acme in the Didymograptus eobifidus Biozone (mid early Arenig) when the number of brachiopod genera was over 7 times as great as that at the start of the Ordovician. This was the first radiation in the history of brachiopod macroevolution in South China, which occurred nearly 5 graptolitic biozones earlier than the global trend of the great Ordovician biodiversification (in the lower part of the Undulograptus austrodentatus Biozone). It is also characterized by (1) the origination or first occurrences of some major groups, such as the punctate dalmanelloids and the pseudopunctate stro- phomenoids including Plectambonitoidea (cardinal process simple or absent) and Stro- phomenoidea (cardinal process bilobed) in South China; (2) niche expansion, particularly in the first occupation of deeper water benthic regimes by the Euorthisina-Nocturnellia Association developed at Houping, Chengkou, northern Chongqing; and (3) the differentiation of brachiopod faunas under different environmental conditions. The gradual and increasing separation from Gondwana may have been one of the factors responsible for the radiation in South China.

关键词： biodiversity, evolutionary radiation, brachiopods, Early-Mid Ordovician, South China.

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Redistribution process of precipitation in ecological restoration activity of Pinus sylvestris *** in Mu Us Sandy Land,China

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第3期11卷 572-585页

作者： Yiben Cheng Hongbin zhan Wenbin Yang Wei Feng Qi Lu Yunqi Wang Qunou Jiang Bin Wang mingchang Shi Tao Wang Zhiming Xin Ruifang Hao School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Yanchi Research Station School of Soil and Water ConservationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Jinyun Forest Ecosystem Research Station School of Soil and Water ConservationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Department of Geology and Geophysics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA Inner Mongolia Low Coverage Company Hohhot010000China Xilingol Vocational College Xilinhot026000China Desert Forestry Experimental Center Chinese Academy of ForestryDengkou015200China

Precipitation is the most important water resource in semi-arid regions of *** redistribution of precipitation among atmospheric water,soil water and groundwater are related to the land surface afforested ecological *** study took widely replanted Pinus sylvestris ***(PSM)in Mu Us Sandy Land(MUSL)as a research object and monitored precipitation,soil moisture,sap flow,and deep soil recharge(DSR)to find out moisture distribution in shallow soil *** showed that the restoration process of PSM in MUSL changed the distribution of precipitation,with part of it infltrating downward as DsR and part of it being stored in the shallow ***,evapotranspiration increased and DsR significantly decreased,resulting in up to 466.9 mm of precipitation returning to the atmosphere through evapotranspiration in *** increased soil water storage(SwS)capacity,with maximum SWS in PSM plot and bare sandy land(BSL)being 260 mm and 197 mm per unit horizontal area,respectively in *** decreased from 54%of precipitation in the BSL plot to 0.2%of precipitation in the PSM plot in 2016.A great portion of infiltrated water was stored in the PSM ecosystem,resulting in a time lag of infiltration to reach the deep soil layer,and the infiltration rate in the BSL plot was 11 times of that in the PSM *** decreased 16 mm and 7.6 mm per unit horizontal area over a one-year period(from March to October,non-freezing time)in 2017 and 2019,*** PSM annual sap flow was maintained at a relatively constant level of 154 mm/*** in-situ measurement and comparative analysis of the precipitation redistribution of the BSL plot and the PSM plot,we find that PSM can significantly reduce the shallow soil water storage and ***,substantial reduction of shallow soil water storage and DsR is detrimental for the long-term development of PSM ***,it is necessary to reduce PSM density to cut the water consumption by PSM per un

关键词： Three North Shelterbelt project Mu us sandy land Pinus sylvestris varmongolica Precipitation redistribution Deep soil recharge

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