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Relationship between population competitive intensity and yield in maize cultivars

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第6期16卷 1312-1321页

作者： zhai li-chao XIE Rui-zhi li Shao-kun FAN Pan-pan Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology Ministry of Agriculture Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Development Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Competition is a common phenomenon in agriculture *** on the relationship between competitive ability and crop yield is extensive,but the results have been *** studies have focused on the relationship between population competitive intensity and yield of maize（Zea mays L.）*** main objective of this study was to determine if a consistent relationship exists between maize yield and competitive ability.A two-year field experiment was conducted,employing a de Wit replacement series *** two maize cultivars were grown in a mixture,yield was reduced for the modern cultivar and increased for the older *** each replacement series,per plant level yield of each cultivar,and population level yield of the mixture,decreased with increasing proportion of the older *** ratio（CR）reflected differences in competitive ability of the three maize *** each replacement series,population competition pressure（PCP）increased with increasing proportion of the older cultivar,indicating that the older cultivar was a strong *** yield,grain yield,harvest index,thousand-kernel weight,and kernel number per plant,were negatively correlated with *** results demonstrated that inter-cultivar competition affects maize productivity,and increasing PCP will decrease translocation of assimilates to grain and,ultimately,reduce ***,there is a negative correlation between population competitive intensity and yield performance in maize,breeders should develop a communal ideotype that would not perform well in competition in future.

关键词： maize competition competitive ability population competitive pressure yield

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Evaluation and analysis of intraspecific competition in maize: A case study on plant density experiment

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第10期17卷 2235-2244页

作者： zhai li-chao XIE Rui-zhi MING Bo li Shao-kun MA Da-ling Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology Ministry of Agriculture Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Development Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Cash Crop Stress Biology for Ulanqab Jining Normal University

Intraspecific competition is a common phenomenon in agricultural production,and maize is one of the most sensitive grass species to intraspecific competition due to its low tillering *** study evaluated and analyzed intraspecific competition in maize,and screened competitive indices that could be used to evaluate intraspecific competition in a maize population.A 2-year field experiment was conducted using the maize hybrid Zhongdan 2 at 12 plant densities ranging from 1.5 to 18.0 plants（pl）*** results showed that the response of single-plant grain yield and dry matter at harvest to increased plant density decreased exponentially and that the harvest index decreased *** response of population-level grain yield to plant density was curvilinear,producing a maximum value at the optimum population ***,the yielddensity equation agreed well with the Steinhart-Hart equation curves,but not with the quadratic equation curves reported by most previous *** indices are used to evaluate competition in a plant population or plant *** present results show that competitive intensity（CI）and absolute severity of competition（ASC）increased with increasing plant density;however,relative yield（RY）and relative reproductive efficiency（RReff）*** different responses of these indices reflect different aspects of *** to the analysis of CI,ASC,RY,and RReff,higher CI and ASC values indicate higher intraspecific competition,whereas higher RY and RReff values indirectly reflect lower intraspecific *** competitive indices evaluate not only the intraspecific competitive intensity under different plant densities of the same cultivar but also those of different cultivars under the same plant ***,some overlap exists in the calculations of ASC,CI,and RY,so one could simply select any one of these indices to evaluate intraspecific competition in a maize *** conclusion,the present study

关键词： maize intraspecific competition plant density competitive indices grain yield

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The water-saving potential of using micro-sprinkling irrigation for winter wheat production on the North China Plain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第6期20卷 1687-1700页

作者： zhai li-chao LU li-hua DONG Zhi-qiang ZHANG li-hua ZHANG Jing-ting JIA Xiu-ling ZHANG Zheng-bin Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in the North ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShijiazhuang 050035P.R.China Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Development BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021P.R.China

The shortage of groundwater resources is a considerable challenge for winter wheat production on the North China ***-saving technologies and procedures are thus urgently *** determine the water-saving potential of using micro-sprinkling irrigation(MSI)for winter wheat production,field experiments were conducted from 2012 to *** to traditional flooding irrigation(TFI),micro-sprinkling thrice with 90 mm water(MSI1)and micro-sprinkling four times with 120 mm water(MSI2)increased the water use efficiency by 22.5 and 16.2%,respectively,while reducing evapotranspiration by 17.6 and 10.8%.Regardless of the rainfall pattern,MSI(i.e.,MSI1 or MSI2)either stabilized or significantly increased the grain yield,while reducing irrigation water volumes by 20–40%,compared to *** the same volumes of irrigation water,MSI(i.e.,MSI3,micro-sprinkling five times with 150 mm water)increased the grain yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat by 4.6 and 11.7%,respectively,compared to *** MSI could supply irrigation water more frequently in smaller amounts each time,it reduced soil layer compaction,and may have also resulted in a soil water deficit that promoted the spread of roots into the deep soil layer,which is beneficial to photosynthetic production in the critical *** conclusion,MSI1 or MSI2 either stabilized or significantly increased grain yield while reducing irrigation water volumes by 20–40%compared to TFI,and should provide water-saving technological support in winter wheat production for smallholders on the North China Plain.

关键词： winter wheat grain yield water use efficiency micro-sprinkling irrigation traditional flooding irrigation water-saving potential

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Effects of deep vertical rotary tillage on the grain yield and resource use efficiency of winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第2期20卷 593-605页

作者： WU Fen zhai li-chao XU Ping ZHANG Zheng-bin Elamin Hafiz BAILLO Lemessa Negasa TOLOSA Roy Njoroge KIMOTHO JIA Xiu-ling GUO Hai-qian Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Water-saving AgricultureShijiazhuang 050022P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049P.R.China Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesShijiazhuang 050035P.R.China Shijiazhuang Agricultural Products Quality Testing Center Shijiazhuang 050021P.R.China

Tillage represents an important practice that is used to dynamically regulate soil properties,and affects the grain production process and resource use efficiency of *** objectives of this 3-year field study carried out in the Huang-Huai-Hai(HHH) Plain of China were to compare the effects of a new deep vertical rotary tillage (DVRT) with the conventional shallow rotary tillage (CT) on soil properties,winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency at different productivity levels,and to identify a comprehensive management that optimizes both grain yield and resource use efficiency in the HHH Plain.A split-plot design was adopted in field experiments in the winter wheat growing seasons of 2016–2017 (S1),2017–2018 (S2) and 2018–2019 (S3),with DVRT (conducted once in June 2016) and CT performed in the main *** were treated with one of four targeted productivity level treatments (SH,the super high productivity level;HH,the high productivity and high efficiency productivity level;FP,the farmer productivity level;ISP,the inherent soil productivity level).The results showed that the soil bulk density was reduced and the soil water content at the anthesis stage was increased in all three years,which were due to the significant effects of *** with CT,grain yields,partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFP_(N)),and water use efficiency (WUE) under DVRT were increased by 22.0,14.5 and 19.0%.Path analysis and direct correlation decomposition uncovered that grain yield variation of winter wheat was mostly contributed by the spike numbers per area under different tillage *** line model analysis revealed that tillage mode played a significant role on grain yield,PFP_(N) and WUE not only as a single factor,but also along with other factors(year and productivity level) in interaction *** addition,PFP_(N) and WUE were the highest in HH under DVRT in all three growth *** results provided a th

关键词： winter wheat deep vertical rotary tillage resource use efficiency water use efficiency partial factor productivity of nitrogen

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基于Alpha算法的视频合成

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电视技术 2009年第S1期33卷 142-143,146页

作者：刘方正翟利超合肥电子工程学院安徽合肥230000

介绍了DirectShow技术,提出基于PC机和DirectShow技术的视频抠像及合成系统;其次对视频合成技术进行了研究,通过分析比较选取Alpha抠像算法。

关键词： DirectShow技术视频抠像视频合成 Alpha算法

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三峡库区古夫河小流域氮磷排放特征

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环境科学 2017年第1期38卷 138-146页

作者：华玲玲李文超翟丽梅崔超刘宏斌任天志张富林雷秋良中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所农业部面源污染控制重点实验室北京100081 农业部环境保护科研监测所天津300191 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所武汉430064

本文以三峡库区古夫河小流域为研究对象,在自然降雨条件下,自2014年1月至2014年12月对古夫河小流域出水口断面水质水量进行了连续监测,分析了流域出水口断面污染物氮磷输出浓度、排放负荷随降雨的季节变化特征及其形态组成.结果表明,古... 详细信息

本文以三峡库区古夫河小流域为研究对象,在自然降雨条件下,自2014年1月至2014年12月对古夫河小流域出水口断面水质水量进行了连续监测,分析了流域出水口断面污染物氮磷输出浓度、排放负荷随降雨的季节变化特征及其形态组成.结果表明,古夫河小流域年度水流量为0.6×108m3,7~9月丰水期径流量占全年的63.9%,流域出口径流流量与年降雨量间存在极显著(P<0.01)的线性相关关系.小流域总氮的年排放负荷为1 432 t·a-1,溶解态氮是氮的主要排放形态,各月份溶解态氮排放负荷占总氮比例的变化范围为55.4%~91.3%,7~9月丰水期总氮排放负荷达853 t·a-1,占全年的59.6%;硝态氮输出浓度与降雨量间存在显著(P<0.05)线性相关关系,其他形态氮浓度与降雨量、泥沙量间线性相关关系均不显著.总磷的年排放负荷为563.1 t·a-1,颗粒态是磷的主要排放形态,各月份颗粒态磷排放负荷占总磷比例的变化范围为41.9%~79.5%,丰水期总磷的排放负荷占全年的71.2%,总磷、可溶性总磷和颗粒态磷与降雨量和泥沙流失量之间均存在显著(P<0.05)线性相关关系.

关键词：三峡库区小流域面源污染氮磷

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玉米品种更替过程中品种群体整齐度的变化

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玉米科学 2017年第4期25卷 1-6页

作者：马达灵谢瑞芝翟立超明博李少昆集宁师范学院生物系内蒙古乌兰察布012000 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所北京100081

选用1950~2010年具有代表性的11个品种,设置4个种植密度,测定株高、穗位高、果穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数指标的整齐度。结果表明,随着品种的更替,株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数的整齐度明显提高,株高整齐度的提升最为突... 详细信息

选用1950~2010年具有代表性的11个品种,设置4个种植密度,测定株高、穗位高、果穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数指标的整齐度。结果表明,随着品种的更替,株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数的整齐度明显提高,株高整齐度的提升最为突出。随着种植密度的提高,玉米的群体整齐度下降,现代品种对增密响应更加明显;同等密度条件下,现代品种的群体整齐度均高于早期品种。相关分析表明,玉米产量与株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数性状的整齐度具有明显正相关关系。玉米产量提升过程与品种的群体整齐度同步,株高、穗位高整齐度是最为直观的评价指标,通过品种改良和种植技术的改进提高群体的整齐度是进一步提升产量的技术途径之一。

关键词：玉米整齐度种植密度产量

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基于高阶累积量的滑动加窗参数型多径时延估计

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现代防御技术 2011年第1期39卷 92-95页

作者：刘方正翟利超祁建清电子工程学院安微合肥230037

针对传统方法不适合估计多径时延和难以抑制相关高斯噪声,构造了基于高级累积量的滑动加窗参数估计模型。该模型利用高阶累积量抑制高斯噪声,应用滑动窗充分利用采集数据。通过理论分析和仿真实验表明,该方法能够准确地估计时延,有效地... 详细信息

针对传统方法不适合估计多径时延和难以抑制相关高斯噪声,构造了基于高级累积量的滑动加窗参数估计模型。该模型利用高阶累积量抑制高斯噪声,应用滑动窗充分利用采集数据。通过理论分析和仿真实验表明,该方法能够准确地估计时延,有效地抑制干扰和相关噪声的影响,且在性能估计方面,优于传统基于相关的方法。

关键词：相关定位时延估计滑动窗高阶累积量

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投影法测径系统的信号处理方法

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数据采集与处理 2001年第1期16卷 98-100页

作者：李为民任立忠邢晓正胡红专翟超李静中国科学技术大学精密机械与精密仪器系合肥230027

介绍采用线阵 CCD传感器的投影放大法线径测量系统的信号处理方法。介绍对 CCD输出信号进行高通、低通滤波预处理的方法。着重分析了基于微分法的图像边缘检测算法 ,对 CCD视频信号求取其一阶微分的绝对值 ,求其局部重心点作为其边缘特... 详细信息

介绍采用线阵 CCD传感器的投影放大法线径测量系统的信号处理方法。介绍对 CCD输出信号进行高通、低通滤波预处理的方法。着重分析了基于微分法的图像边缘检测算法 ,对 CCD视频信号求取其一阶微分的绝对值 ,求其局部重心点作为其边缘特征点。实验结果表明 ,采取基于微分法的重心算法检测图像边缘特征点 ,测量系统的重复精度优于 1μm。本文还介绍了对测量系统的线性、非线性标定方法。

关键词：信息处理尺寸测量投影法测径系统 CCD传感器

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Designing Electronic Structures of Multiscale Helical Converters for Tailored Ultrabroad Electromagnetic Absorption

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 439-455页

作者： Zhaobo Feng Chongbo liu Xin li Guangsheng Luo Naixin zhai Ruizhe Hu Jing lin Jinbin Peng Yuhui Peng Renchao Che Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringNanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063People’s Republic of China School of Physics and Materials Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing Ministry of EducationNanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China

Atomic-scale doping strategies and structure design play pivotal roles in tailoring the electronic structure and physicochemical property of electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)***,the relationship between configuration and electromagnetic(EM)loss mechanism has remained ***,drawing inspiration from the DNA transcription process,we report the successful synthesis of novel in situ Mn/N co-doped helical carbon nanotubes with ultrabroad EMWA *** calculation and EM simulation confirm that the orbital coupling and spin polarization of the Mn–N4–C configuration,along with cross polarization generated by the helical structure,endow the helical converters with enhanced EM *** a result,HMC-8 demonstrates outstanding EMWA performance,achieving a minimum reflection loss of−63.13 dB at an ultralow thickness of 1.29 *** precise tuning of the graphite domain size,HMC-7 achieves an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 6.08 GHz at 2.02 mm ***,constructing macroscale gradient metamaterials enables an ultrabroadband EAB of 12.16 GHz at a thickness of only 5.00 mm,with the maximum radar cross section reduction value reaching 36.4 dB *** innovative approach not only advances the understanding of metal–nonmetal co-doping but also realizes broadband EMWA,thus contributing to the development of EMWA mechanisms and applications.

关键词： Metal-nonmetal co-doping 3d-2p orbital coupling Spin polarization Helical structure Broadband EM wave absorption

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