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Threat and management strategies of potentially invasive insects in china

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2009年第10期52卷 903-910页

作者： ZHANG RunZhi1, ZHANG YaPing2.& jiang YouXu3 1 State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, institute of Zoology, {2. academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china 2.Kunming institute of Zoology, {2. academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 6502.3, china 3 The research institute of Forest {12., environment and protection, The {2. academy of forestry, beijing 100091, china State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Kunming institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan 650223 China The research institute of Forest {2. Environment and Protection The Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China

The Global Invasive Species Database, GISD, comprises 2. species of the most significant invasive alien insects in the world (through November, 2.05), 6 of which are originally native to china, 11 are established in china, and 10 have a potential invasion threat to china. This paper discusses these species in terms of distribution, harmfulness and dispersal ways, and finds that: (i) Information re-garding invasive insects in the GISD remains inadequate. Such harmful invasive species as Opogona sacchari (Bojer), Oracella acuta (Lobdell), and Dendroctonus valens LeConte are not included. (ii) Ten species of invasive insects, particularly Lasius neglectus Van Loon and Linepithema humile (Mayr) which become established in areas near china, have the potential to become established in china. (iii) Special attention should be paid to species from Asia and the Americas because of their greater likeli-hood of becoming established in china. Finally, some management strategies including legislation, quarantine, early warning, prevention and control are suggested.

关键词： biological invasions invasive species insect china

Effects of NO_(2. and SO_(2. on the secondary organic aerosol formation fromβ-pinene photooxidation

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 151-160页

作者： Xiangyu zang Zhaoyan Zhang Yingqi Zhao Gang Li Hua Xie Weiqing Zhang Guorong Wu Xueming Yang Ling jiang Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China University of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Chemistry School of ScienceSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Elucidating the effects of anthropogenic pollutants on the photooxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds is crucial to understanding the fundamental mechanisms of secondary organic aerosol(SOA)***,the impacts of NO_(2.and SO_(2.on SOA formation from the photooxidation of a representative monoterpene,β-pinene,were investigated by a number of laboratory *** results indicated NO_(2.enhanced the SOA mass concentrations and particle number concentrations under both low and highβ-pinene *** could be rationalized that the increased O_(3)concentrations upon the NO_(x)photolysis was helpful for the generation of more amounts of O_(3)-oxidized products,which accelerated the SOA nucleation and *** with NO_(2.,the promotion of the SOA yield by SO_(2.was mainly reflected in the increase of mass concentration,which might be due to the elimination of the newly formed particles by the initially formed *** observed low oxidation degree of SOA might be attributed to the fast growth of SOA,resulting in the uptake of less oxygenated gas-phase species onto the particle *** present findings have important implications for SOA formation affected by anthropogenic–biogenic interactions in the ambient atmosphere.

关键词： Secondary organic aerosol Volatile organic compound Anthropogenic pollutant Beta-pinene Photooxidation

On the sand surface stability in the southern part of Gurbantünggüt Desert

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中国科学：地球科学英文版 2005年第6期48卷 778-785页

作者： WANG Xueqin1,2. WANG Tao1, jiang Jin2.& ZHAO Congju2.1. Laboratory of Blown Sand Physics and Desert environment, Cold and Arid Regions of environmental and Engineering research In-stitute, chinese academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, china 2. Xinjiang institute of ecology and Geography, chinese academy of Sciences, Urmqi 830011, china Correspondence should be addressed to Wang Xueqin 1. Laboratory of Blown Sand Physics and Desert environment Cold and Arid Regions of Environmental and Engineering Research In-stitute Chinese Academy of Sciences 730000 Lanzhou China 2. Xinjiang institute of {2. and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences 830011 Urümqi China

Longitudinal dunes are the most widespread dune types in the world sand seas but comprehensive study on the sand surface stability is scarce. The southern part of Gurbantnggt Desert is mainly covered by longitudinal dune in which fixed and semi-fixed dunes occupy over 80% of the total area. Systematic analysis on the climatic conditions, the soil moisture and vegetation distributions, and the sand surface activities showed that the fixed and semi-fixed dunes are in a comprehensive low-energy wind environment. Snow cover and frozen soil provide a good protection to the ground surface in winter. The temporal distribution of precipitation and corresponding variation of temperature create a favorable condition for the desert plants growth, especially for the ephemeral plants. The occurrence of effective winds for sand moving in April to June coincides with the stage of relatively wet sand surface and good vegetation cover, which effectively keep the sand surface stable at the interdune and the plinth of the dunes. Activity sand surface appears only at the crest and the upper part of the sand dunes.

关键词： Gurbantünggüt Desert, longitudinal dune, sand surface stability.

Acute toxicity of DMAH to Oryzias latipes as modified by some influential factors

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Journal of environmental Sciences 1997年第1期9卷 20-26页

作者： Zhu jiang institute of Zoology,{2. academy of Sciences,beijing 100080,chinaLi Lixin beijing Municìpal academy of environmental protection,beijing 100037,china institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China beijing Munic. Acad. Environ. P. Beijing 100037 China

As a new insecticide,less information about the aquatic biological toxicity of DMAH [N-(2.4-dimethylphenyl)-N'-methylamidine hydrochloride]is *** 96h static bioassays were conducted with Oryzias latipes to assess the toxicity of DMAH and the influence of environ- mental *** results indicated that,at 2.℃,the 2.h,48h and 96h LC_(50)are 14.6 mg/L,13. 06 mg/L and 12.39 mg/L,respectively,the safe concentration(SC)of DMAH to Oryzias latipes is 1.16-1.32.mg/*** changes of temperature,pH value and hardness of water will significantly influence the toxicity of DMAH to fish.

关键词： DMAH[N-(2.4-dimethylphenyl)-N'-methylamidine hydrochloride] Oryzias latipes acute toxicity.

Oxidation Behavior of Pd-Modified Aluminide Coating at High Temperature

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2003年第3期19卷 213-217页

作者： Mengjin LI, Xiaofeng SUN, Hengrong GUAN, Xiaoxia jiang Zhuangqi HUState Key Laboratory for Corrosion and protection, {2. of Metal research, chinese academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, china Lab. for Corrosion and protection Inst. of Metal Res. Chinese Acad. of Sci. Shenyang 110016 China

(Ni,Pd)AI coating, prepared by low pressure pack cementation on the Ni-base superalloy M38 where Pd-2. wt pct Ni alloy was predeposited, consists of a single β-(Ni,Pd)AI phase. The initial isothermal oxidation behavior of (Ni,Pd)AI coating was investigated by TGA, XRD, SEM/EDS at 800-1100℃. Results show that oxidation kinetics accord preferably with parabolic law at 800, 900 and 1100℃, but not at 1000℃. θ-AI2.3 was observed at 800-1100℃. It is found that Pd plays an important role in accelerating the diffusion of Ti from the substrate to the coating surface in the aluminide coating.

关键词： (Ni,Pd)Al coating High temperature oxidation Oxidation kinetics θ-Al_2._3

Impacts of the Wenchuan Earthquake on the Giant Panda Nature Reserves in china

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Journal of Mountain Science 2010年第2期7卷 197-206页

作者： DENG Xiangzheng jiang Qunou GE Quansheng YANG LinSheng institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Center for chinese Agricultural Policy Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of the chineseacademy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Wenchuan Earthquake that occurred in May of 2.08 caused damages to large areas of Sichuan,Gansu,and Shaanxi provinces in *** from local governments and related management agencies show that the giant panda nature reserves in the earthquake-hit areas were heavily *** estimates in this paper of the impacts of the earthquake on the giant panda in the earthquake-hit areas were made based on the interpretation of remote sensing images and information collected by field survey.A rapid assessment method was designed to estimate the damages of the earthquake on giant panda *** using visual interpretation methods,we decoded the remote sensing images of the disaster area in the 49 giant panda nature *** results showed that the Wenchuan Earthquake and the succeeding secondary geological disasters caused great damages to the giant panda nature reserves and disturbed the normal life of the giant pandas there (e.g.,landscape fragmentation increased significantly).Undoubtedly,the life of the giant pandas there was ***,although the earthquake caused certain impacts on the giant pandas,it did not really threat their *** so,we still strongly advocate for protection of the giant pandas,and have prioritized a couple of measures to be taken to restore the giant panda nature reserves in the earthquake-hit areas.

关键词： Wenchuan earthquake Remote sensing Giant panda Giant panda nature reserve Rapid assessment method

Invasive mechanism and management strategy of Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) biotype B:Progress report of 973 Program on invasive alien species in china

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 88-95页

作者： WAN FangHao1,ZHANG GuiFen1,LIU ShuSheng2.LUO Chen3,CHU Dong4,ZHANG YouJun4,zang LianSheng2.JIU Min2.Lü ZhiChuang1,CUI XuHong1,ZHANG LiPing4,ZHANG Fan3,ZHANG QingWen5,LIU WanXue1,LIANG Pei5,LEI ZhongRen1 & ZHANG YongJun1 1 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,institute of Plant {2.,chinese Acadeny of Agriculture Sciences,beijing 100094,china 2.institute of Applied Entomology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 31002.,china 3 institute of Plant and environment {2.,beijing academy of Agricultural and forestry Sciences,beijing 100089,china 4 institute of Vegetables and Flowers,chinese Acadeny of Agricullare Sciences,beijing 100081,china 5 Department of Entomology,china Agriculture University,beijing 100094,china 1. State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Acadeny of Agriculture Sciences Beijing 100094 China 2. institute of Applied Entomology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China 3. institute of Plant and environment {2. Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Beijing 100089 China 4. institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Acadeny of Agricullare Sciences Beijing 100081 China 5. Department of Entomology China Agriculture University Beijing 100094 China

Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) biotype B,called a "superbug",is one of the most harmful biotypes of this species complex *** this report,the invasive mechanism and management of *** biotype B,based on our 5-year studies,are *** *** biotypes,B,Q,ZHJ1,ZHJ2.ZHJ3 and FJ1,have been identified in *** B dominates the other biotypes in many regions of the *** diversity in biotype B might be induced by host plant,geographical conditions,and/or insecticidal *** activities of CarE(carboxylesterase) and GSTs(glutathione-S-transferase) in biotype B reared on cucumber and squash were greater than on other host plants,which might have increased its resistance to *** higher activities of detoxification enzymes in biotype B might be induced by the secondary metabolites in host *** adaptive ability of biotype B adults to adverse conditions might be linked to the expression of heat shock protein *** indigenous *** biotypes were displaced by the biotype B within 2.5 *** asymmetric mating interactions and mutualism between biotype B and begomoviruses via its host plants speed up widespread invasion and displacement of other *** biotype B displaced Trialeurodes vaporariorum(Westwood) after 4-7 generations under glasshouse *** adaptive ability of the biotype B to adverse conditions and its rapid population increase might be the reasons of its successful displacement of *** ability of the biotype B to switch to different host plants may enrich its host plants,which might enable it to better compete with *** predatory natural enemies possess greater ability to suppress *** under field *** kairomones in the 3rd and 4th instars of biotype B may provide an important stimulus in host searching and location by its *** present results provide useful information in explaining the mechanisms of genetic diversity,e

关键词： National Basic research and Development Program of china(973 Program) invasive alien species Bemisia tabaci biotype B ecological mechanisms genetic diversity sustainable management

Influence of Holding Time on Hot Deformation Behavior of Hard-Deformed Superalloy U72.Li

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稀有金属材料与工程 2024年第9期53卷 2446-2457页

作者： zang Ximin Zhao Guangdi Wu Jinjiang jiang Haoyuan Yao Xiaoyu School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang 110870China School of Materials and Metallurgy University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051China institute of Metal research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

To improve the hot workability of hard-deformed superalloy U72.Li,the effect of holding time before deformation(5 and 10 min)on hot deformation behavior was investigated by hot compression *** show that the flow stress increases with increase in strain rate,while decreases with increase in deformation temperature and holding *** on the obtained Arrhenius-type constitutive models,the calculated peak stresses are in good agreement with experimental values,indicating that this model can accurately predict the hot deformation behavior of U72.Li alloy,and the deformation activation energies for the holding time of 5 and 10 min were calculated to be 992.006 and 850.996 kJ·mol^(-1),***,processing maps of U72.Li alloy with these two holding durations were *** observation of deformation microstructures in each domain of the processing maps,the optimal hot working conditions for the holding time of 5 min are determined to be 1090‒1110℃/1‒10 s^(-1) and 1146‒1180℃/1‒10 s^(-1),and the optimal hot working conditions for the holding time of 10 min are 1080‒1090℃/1‒10 s-1 and 1153‒1160℃/1‒10 s^(-1),indicating that the safe processing window can be obviously enlarged by shortening the holding time *** the absence of cracking,the dynamic recrystallization(DRX)grain size increases gradually with increasing the deformation temperature and holding time,but it first decreases and then increases with the increase in strain *** the deformation temperature is below 1100℃,the DRX mechanism is mainly the particle-induced continuous *** the temperature is raised to above 1130℃,the main DRX mechanism changes to discontinuous DRX.

关键词： hard-deformed superalloy hot deformation behavior processing map dynamic recrystallization

Experimental demonstration of a new concept of drag reduction and thermal protection for hypersonic vehicles

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2009年第3期25卷 417-419页

作者： Zonglin jiang Yunfeng Liu Guilai Han Wei Zhao Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, institute of Mechanics, {2. academy of Sciences, 100190 beijing, china Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100190 Beijing China

A new idea of drag reduction and thermal protection for hypersonic vehicles is proposed based on the combination of a physical spike and lateral jets for shockreconstruction. The spike recasts the bow shock in front of a blunt body into a conical shock, and the lateral jets work to protect the spike tip from overheating and to push the conical shock away from the blunt body when a pitching angle exists during flight. Experiments are conducted in a hypersonic wind tunnel at a nominal Mach number of 6. It is demonstrated that the shock/shock interaction on the blunt body is avoided due to injection and the peak pressure at the reattachment point is reduced by 70% under a 4° attack angle.

关键词： Hypersonic vehicle Shock-reconstruction. Drag reduction Thermal protection Spike and lateral jets