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ON THE EMpTY BALLS OF A CRITICAL OR SUBCRITICAL BRANCHING RANDOM WALK

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第5期44卷 2051-2072页

作者： Shuxiong zhang Jie XIONG School of Mathematics and Statistics Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu241002China Department of Mathematics and SUSTech International Center for Mathematics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China

Let{z_(n)}_(n)≥0 be a critical or subcritical d-dimensional branching random walk started from a poisson random measure whose intensity measure is the Lebesugue measure onℝ^(d).Denote by R_(n):=sup{u>0:z_(n)({x∈ℝ^(d):∣x∣pty ball centered at the origin of *** this work,we prove that after suitable renormalization,Rn converges in law to some non-degenerate distribution as n→∈.Furthermore,our work shows that the renormalization scales depend on the offspring law and the dimension of the branching random *** completes the results of Révész[13]for the critical binary branching Wiener process.

关键词： empty ball dimension branching random walk super-Brownian motion

Raindrop Size Distributions in the zhengzhou Extreme Rainfall Event on 20 July 2021:Temporal-Spatial Variability and Implications for Radar QpE

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 489-503页

作者： Liman CUI Haoran LI Aifang SU Yang zhang Xiaona LYU Le XI Yuanmeng zhang Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique China Meteorological AdministrationZhengzhou450003China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China Henan Meteorological Observatory Zhengzhou450003China

In this study,a regional parsivel OTT disdrometer network covering urban zhengzhou and adjacent areas is employed to investigate the temporal-spatial variability of raindrop size distributions(DSDs)in the zhengzhou extreme rainfall event on 20 July *** rain rates observed by disdrometers and rain gauges from six operational sites are in good agreement,despite significant site-to-site variations of 24-h accumulated rainfall ranging from 198.3 to 624.1 *** parsivel OTT observations show prominent temporal-spatial variations of DSDs,and the most drastic change was registered at zhengzhou Station where the record-breaking hourly rainfall of 201.9 mm over 1500-1600 LST(local standard time)was *** hourly rainfall is characterized by fairly high concentrations of large raindrops,and the mass-weighted raindrop diameter generally increases with the rain rate before reaching the equilibrium state of DSDs with the rain rate of about 50 mm h^(−1).Besides,polarimetric radar observations show the highest differential phase shift(K_(dp))and differential reflectivity(z_(dr))near surface over zhengzhou Station from 1500 to 1600 *** light of the remarkable temporal-spatial variability of DSDs,a reflectivity-grouped fitting approach is proposed to optimize the reflectivity-rain rate(z-R)parameterization for radar quantitative precipitation estimation(QpE),and the rain gauge measurements are used for *** results show an increase of mean bias ratio from 0.57 to 0.79 and a decrease of root-mean-square error from 23.69 to 18.36 for the rainfall intensity above 20.0 mm h^(−1),as compared with the fixed z-R *** study reveals the drastic temporal-spatial variations of rain microphysics during the zhengzhou extreme rainfall event and warrants the promise of using reflectivity-grouped fitting z-R relationships for radar QpE of such events.

关键词： extreme rainfall raindrop size distribution radar quantitative precipitation estimation(QpE)

Voluntary wheel running ameliorated the deleterious effects of high-fat diet on glucose metabolism,gut microbiota and microbial-associated metabolites

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1672-1684页

作者： Ling zhang Wenyu zou Yongyan Hu Honghua Wu Ying Gao Junqing zhang Jia zheng Department of Endocrinology Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China Laboratory Animal Facility Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China

Exercise training is critical for the early prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes ***,the mechanism with gut microbiota and fecal metabolites underlying the effects of voluntary wheel running on high-fat diet induced abnormal glucose metabolism has not been fully elaborated.C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups according to diets(fed with normal chow diet or high-fat diet)and running paradigm(housed in static cage or with voluntary running wheel).An integrative 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolites profiling was synchronously performed to characterize the effects of voluntary wheel running on gut microbiota and *** showed that voluntary wheel running prevented the detrimental effects of high-fat feeding on glucose metabolism 16S rDNA sequencing showed remarkable changes in Rikenella and Marvinbryantia *** profiling indicated multiple altered metabolites,which were enriched in secondary bile acid biosynthesis *** conclusion,our study indicated that voluntary wheel running significantly improved glucose metabolism and counteracted the deleterious effects of high-fat feeding on body weight and glucose *** further found that voluntary wheel running could integratively program gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolites changes,and may regulate muricholic acid metabolism and secondary bile acid biosynthesis in high-fat fed mice.

关键词： High-fat diet Voluntary wheel running Gut microbiota Metabolomics Glucose metabolism

Reducing the voltage loss of Y-series acceptor based organic solar cells via ternary/quaternary strategies

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 70-86页

作者： pengyu zhang zhiyang zhang Heng Sun Jie Li Yi Chen Jiang Wang Chuanlang zhan Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Chemistry and Devices (AMC&DLab) of the Department of Education of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green CatalysisCollege of Chemistry and Environment ScienceInner Mongolia Normal UniversityHuhehot 010022China

In recent years, with the emergence of non-fullerene fused-ring acceptors, power conversion efficiencies (pCEs) of organic solar cells (OSCs) have exceeded 19%.However, compared to inorganic or perovskite photovoltaic cells, a higher voltage loss has become one of the key factors limiting further improvement in the pCEs of *** ternary/quaternary strategy has been identified as a feasible and effective way to obtain high-efficiency *** this review, a brief outline is given of the key roles that guest materials played in reducing voltage losses in solar cell devices and a brief look at the future material design and the design of ternary/quaternary systems.

关键词： Organic solar cell Ternary/quaternary strategy Open-circuit voltage Voltage loss Non-radiative recombination loss

Design and tailoring of patterned znO nanostructures for perovskite light absorption modulation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 855-861页

作者： Haonan Si Xuan zhao Qingliang Liao Yue zhang Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for post-Moore Chips Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Lithography is a pivotal micro/nanomanufacturing technique,facilitating performance enhancements in an extensive array of devices,encompassing sensors,transistors,and photovoltaic *** key to creating highly precise,multiscale-distributed patterned structures is the precise control of the lithography ***,high-quality patterned znO nanostructures are constructed by systematically tuning the exposure and development times during *** optimizing these parameters,znO nanorod arrays with line/hole arrangements are successfully *** znO nanostructures with highly controllable morphology and structure possess discrete three-dimensional space structure,enlarged surface area,and improved light capture ability,which achieve highly efficient energy conversion in perovskite solar *** lithography process management for these patterned znO nanostructures provides important guidance for the design and construction of complex nanostructures and devices with excellent performance.

关键词： lithography patterned znO nanorod arrays light absorption perovskite solar cell

Structure-preserving Recurrent Neural Networks for a Class of Birkhoffian Systems

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第2期37卷 441-462页

作者： XIAO Shanshan CHEN Mengyi zhang Ruili TANG Yifa LSEC ICMSECAcademy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Mathematics and Statistics Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

In this paper,the authors propose a neural network architecture designed specifically for a class of Birkhoffian systems—The Newtonian *** proposed model utilizes recurrent neural networks(RNNs)and is based on a mathematical framework that ensures the preservation of the Birkhoffian *** authors demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model on a variety of problems for which preserving the Birkhoffian structure is important,including the linear damped oscillator,the Van der pol equation,and a high-dimensional *** with the unstructured baseline models,the Newtonian neural network(NNN)is more data efficient,and exhibits superior generalization ability.

关键词： Birkhoffian system k(z,t)-symplectic neural networks recurrent neural network

Optimization Control of Multi-Mode Coupling All-Wheel Drive System for Hybrid Vehicle

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期37卷 340-355页

作者： Lipeng zhang zijian Wang Liandong Wang Changan Ren School of Vehicle and Energy Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China

The all-wheel drive(AWD)hybrid system is a research focus on high-performance new energy vehicles that can meet the demands of dynamic performance and passing *** optimization of the power and economy of hybrid vehicles becomes an issue.A unique multi-mode coupling(MMC)AWD hybrid system is presented to realize the distributed and centralized driving of the front and rear axles to achieve vectored distribution and full utilization of the system power between the axles of *** on the parameters of the benchmarking model of a hybrid vehicle,the best model-predictive control-based energy management strategy is ***,the drive system model was built after the analysis of the MMC-AWD’s drive ***,three fundamental strategies were established to address power distribution adjustment and battery SOC maintenance when the SOC changed,which was followed by the design of a road driving force ***,the energy consumption rate in the average time domain was processed before designing the minimum fuel consumption controller based on the equivalent fuel consumption ***,the advantage of the MMC-AWD was confirmed by comparison with the dynamic performance and economy of the BYD Song pLUS *** findings indicate that,in comparison to the comparative hybrid system at road adhesion coefficients of 0.8 and 0.6,the MMC-AWD’s capacity to accelerate increases by 5.26%and 7.92%,*** the road adhesion coefficient is 0.8,0.6,and 0.4,the maximum climbing ability increases by 14.22%,12.88%,and 4.55%,*** a result,the dynamic performance is greatly enhanced,and the fuel savings rate per 100 km of mileage reaches 12.06%,which is also very *** proposed control strategies for the new hybrid AWD vehicle can optimize the power and economy simultaneously.

关键词： Hybrid vehicle All-wheel drive Multi-mode coupling Energy management Model predictive control

CrisprStitch:Fast evaluation of the efficiency of CRISpR editing systems

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plant Communications 2024年第3期5卷 13-16页

作者： Yangshuo Han Guanqing Liu Yuechao Wu Yu Bao Yong zhang Tao zhang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education Agricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and physiology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Chongqing Key Laboratory of plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China(Chongqing)Science CitySchool of Life SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

Dear Editor,Targeted genome-editing technology using designed nucleases has been rapidly advancing and catalyzing significant breakthroughs in the life ***-designed CRISpR editing experiments can be efficiently evaluated through nextgeneration sequencing(NGS).Nevertheless,NGS data analysis currently lacks a user-friendly pipeline capable of automatically calculating mutations and evaluating editing efficiency in bulk,as well as providing a more comprehensive visualization of results.

关键词： breakthrough editing efficiency

Species recognition and the divergences in the chemical and ultrasonic signals between two coexisting Rattus species

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Current zoology 2024年第4期70卷 531-538页

作者： Wei-Chao Wang zhi-Ming Li Yi Chen Jin-Hua zhang Jian-Xu zhang Yao-Hua zhang The State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAs Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The ability to recognize and differentiate between conspecifics and heterospecifics as well as their signals is critical for the coexistence of closely related *** the genus Rattus,species are morphologically similar and multiple species often ***,we investigated the interspecific recognition and signal differentiation of two sympatric rat species,the brown rat(Rattus norvegicus,RN)and the Asian house rat(Rattus tanezumi,RT).In a two-way choice test,both RN and RT females showed a preference for conspecific male rats to heterospecific *** females showed a significant preference for accessible urine of males of same species to those of other species,but not for the inaccessi-ble *** the other hand,there were significant differences in the structural characteristics of the ultrasonic vocalization emitted by males of these two rat *** dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-pAGE)and isoelectric focusing electrophoresis unveiled that major urinary proteins(MUps)in voided urine were more highly expressed in RN males versus RT *** interspecific dif-ferences of urinary volatile compounds were also *** conclusion,female rats had the ability to distinguish between males of either species.

关键词： Asian house rats brown rats closely related species pheromones ultrasonic vocalization.