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Review on hydrogen Embrittlement of Press-hardened Steels for Automotive Applications

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2023年第7期36卷 1123-1143页

作者： z.Wang Q.Lu z.h.cao h.Chen M.X.huang J.F.Wang General Motors China Science Lab Shanghai201206China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong999077China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Press-hardened steel(PhS)with an ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of 1500 MPa has been widely used in automotive body-in-white in the last two decades,due to its ultra-high strength and excellent formability that is achieved by hot stamping ***,the application of PhS with UTS exceeding 1500 MPa in automotive industry could be deferred due to the increased risk of hydrogen *** reduce this kind of risk,recent research efforts have been focused on various ways to optimize the microstructure of *** present review intends to summarize these efforts,to highlight present solutions to address hydrogen embrittlement,and to shed light on directions for future *** influence of microstructure on the hydrogen embrittlement of PhS has been discussed in terms of both the steel substrate and the surface *** substrate part covers the influence of martensite,carbides,inclusions,and retained austenite,while the surface part covers decarburization and oxidation,pre-coating,and trimming.

关键词： hot stamping Press-hardened steels Coating-free hydrogen embrittlement Fracture Al-Si coating

Strain rate sensitivity of a 1.5 GPa nanotwinned steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2021年第11期28卷 1352-1356页

作者： R.D.Liu Y.z.Li L.Lin C.P.huang z.h.cao M.X.huang Iron and Steel Research Institute Ansteel GroupAnshan 114021LiaoningChina Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Two distinct regimes of strain rate sensitivity on yield strength are found in a high-strength nantwinned *** yield strength increases from 1410 to 1776 MPa when the strain rate increases from 10–3 to 1400 *** is proposed from the measured small activation volume that the yielding of the nanotwinned steel at higher strain rates is governed by the dislocation bowing out from the carbon *** lower strain rates,however,the yielding is controlled by the continuous re-pinning of dislocations due to the fast diffused carbon atoms,which leads to the relative insensitivity of yield strength to the strain rate.

关键词： Nanotwinned steel Strain rate sensitivity hokinson tensile bar Twinning Twinning-induced plasticity steel

Laser additive manufacturing of strong and ductile Al-12Si alloy under static magnetic field

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第32期163卷 101-112页

作者： R.Wang J.Wang L.M.Lei S.Yu T.hu S.S.Shuai S.z.Xu z.h.cao X.P.Li C.Y.Chen z.M.Ren State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steels School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co. Ltd.Shanghai 201108China School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering The University of New South Wales(UNSW Sydney)Sydney NSW 2052Australia

Rapid cooling and solidification during laser additive manufacturing(LAM)can produce ultra-fine microstructure with higher ***,the non-uniform cell/grain structure can easily result in early stress concentration and fracture during deformation,which remains a major challenge for the LAM *** Al-12Si as the model alloy,we employed the external static magnetic field(SMF)to modulate the laser powder bed fusion process(L-PBF),demonstrating a uniform microstructure with a refined cell *** mechanical properties show that the SMF can produce a combination of high tensile strength of 451.4±0.5 MPa and large uniform elongation of 10.4%±0.79%,which are superior to those of previously-reported Al-Si alloys with post-treatment or element *** mechanism analysis based on multi-scale simulation reveals the determining role of SMF in rapid solidification,and this method is applicable to the microstructure control of other metallic materials during LAM.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion Magnetic field Al alloys Grain refinement Strengthening mechanism

Si-C Foam Porous-Medium Combustion Power-Generation System for Low-Calorific-Value Biomass Syngas

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 206-222页

作者： YANG Jianwen ChEN Wei cao Bingwei LIU Xinhui LI hang College of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Jilin University School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Changchun University

Syngas produced from the gasification of organic feedstocks from biomass is one of the clean and sustainable sources of *** advantages of simple access and renewability of biomass energy can meet the energy needs of temporary power *** study presents a biomass power-generation system for vehicular *** biomass and a free-piston Stirling engine generator（FPSEG） as the primary material and prime mover,respectively,biomass energy is converted into electricity by combusting the syngas to heat the *** and key parameter design for biomass gasification and thermoelectric conversion systems within a power generation system were performed.A porous medium area was constructed using Si-C foam ceramics to obtain an energy-conversion experimental *** effects of bed height,porosity,porous-region diameter,and air-intake conditions on the power-generation performance were investigated,and optimisations were performed for the thermoelectric conversion *** rate of increase during FPSEG power generation first increased and then decreased with increasing bed height,peaking at a bed height of 40 *** increasing porous-region diameter accelerated FPSEG power generation,whereas porosity changes in the porous media did not significantly affect the rate of change during FPSEG power *** increasing air intake,the rate of increase during power generation first increased and then *** maximum change rate and the highest thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the power-generation system occurred at 9.5 m3/h and 6.5 m3/h（～45.1%）air intakes,*** the thermal inertia and combustion structure of the thermoelectric conversion system significantly increased the power-generation rate of the system,with 1.8 W/s being observed at a 9.7 m3/h air intake.

关键词： biomass combined heat and power (ChP) gasification porous media combustion power generation

The renaissance of oxo synthesis: heterogeneous Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Tao Yan zhi cao State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Energy Center for Coal to Clean Fuels Synfuels China Technology Co. Ltd.

hydroformylation could convert olefins and syngas （mixture of h2and CO） into aldehydes with a great atomic *** transformation serves as one of the most prominent processes in modern chemical industry, as it provides over 10million tons of aldehydes as feedstock for our daily essential products such as plasticizers, paints, solvents, and pharmaceuticals. This process generally requires efficient yet robust catalyst to realize decent efficacy. Compared with metals such as Co, Ru, and Pd, rhodium （Rh）-based catalysts stand out due to its superior activity even under mild reaction conditions, and dominate over 70%of global hydroformylation processes.

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The Mechanism of heating Rate on the Secondary Recrystallization Evolution in Grain Oriented Silicon Steel

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 275-282页

作者： GAO Qian LI Jun WANG Xianhui cao Laifu GONG Jian LI Bo Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Beijing 100081China Shougang zhixin Electromagnetic Material R&D(Beijing)Co. Ltd.Beijing 101300China Beijing Shougang Co. Ltd.Qian’an 064404China

Grain-oriented silicon steels were prepared at different heating rates during high temperature annealing,in which the evolution of magnetic properties,grain orientations and precipitates were *** illustrate the zener factor,the diameter and number density of precipitates of interrupted testing samples were statistically *** effect of precipitate ripening on the Goss texture and magnetic property was *** indicated that the trend of zener factor was similar under different heating rates,first increasing and then decreasing,and that the precipitate maturing was greatly inhibited as the heating rate *** recrystallization was developed at the temperature of 1010℃when a heating rate of 5℃/h was used,resulting in Goss,Brass and{110}oriented grains growing abnormally and a magnetic induction intensity of ***,increasing the heating rate to 20℃/h would inhibit the development of undesirable oriented grains and obtain a sharp Goss ***,when the heating rate was extremely fast,such as 40℃/h,poor secondary recrystallization was developed with many island grains,corresponding to a decrease in magnetic induction intensity to 1.87 *** a suitable heating rate of 20℃/h,the sharpest Goss texture and the highest magnetic induction of 1.94 T with an onset secondary recrystallization temperature of 1020℃were found among the experimental variables in this *** heating rate affected the initial temperature of secondary recrystallization by controlling the maturation of precipitates,leading to the deviation and dispersion of Goss texture,thereby reducing the magnetic properties.

关键词： high temperature annealing heating rate secondary recrystallization grain oriented silicon steel

维普期刊数据库

MXene hybridized Polymer with Enhanced Electromagnetic Energy harvest for Sensitized Microwave Actuation and Self‑Powered Motion Sensing

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 265-279页

作者： Yu‑ze Wang Yu‑Chang Wang Ting‑Ting Liu Quan‑Liang zhao Chen‑Sha Li Mao‑Sheng cao School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical and Material Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of ChinaHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080People’s Republic of China

Polymeric microwave actuators combining tissue-like softness with programmablemicrowave-responsive deformation hold great promise for mobile intelligentdevices and bionic soft robots. however, their application is challenged by restricted electromagneticsensitivity and intricate sensing coupling. In this study, a sensitized polymericmicrowave actuator is fabricated by hybridizing a liquid crystal polymer with Ti3C2Tx(MXene). Compared to the initial counterpart, the hybrid polymer exhibits unique spacechargepolarization and interfacial polarization, resulting in significant improvements of230% in the dielectric loss factor and 830% in the apparent efficiency of electromagneticenergy harvest. The sensitized microwave actuation demonstrates as the shortenedresponse time of nearly 10 s, which is merely 13% of that for the initial shape memory polymer. Moreover, the ultra-low content of MXene (upto 0.15 wt%) benefits for maintaining the actuation potential of the hybrid polymer. An innovative self-powered sensing prototype that combinesdriving and piezoelectric polymers is developed, which generates real-time electric potential feedback (open-circuit potential of ~ 3 mV) duringactuation. The polarization-dominant energy conversion mechanism observed in the MXene-polymer hybrid structure furnishes a new approachfor developing efficient electromagnetic dissipative structures and shows potential for advancing polymeric electromagnetic intelligent devices.

关键词： Microwave absorption Electromagnetic response Energy harvest Self-sensing Soft actuator

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Universal design of three-dimensional porous graphene-iron based promotors for kinetically rationalized lithium-sulfur chemistry

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 192-200页

作者： hua Gao Yunfeng zhang Menglei Wang Ruoxuan Yang Shuai Feng Xuan cao Yaping zhang zhongyuan Lu Yingze Song State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials School of Materials and Chemistry Southwest University of Science and Technology School of Material Science and Engineering Henan University of Technology College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taishan University

Lithium-sulfur （Li-S） batteries are widely deemed to be one of the most potential candidates for future secondary batteries because of their remarkable energy ***,notorious polysulfide shuttling and retarded sulfur reaction kinetics pose significant obstacles to the further application of Li-S *** rationally designed highly active electrocatalysts can facilitate polysulfide conversion,the universal and scalable synthesis strategies need to be ***,a universal synthetic strategy to construct a series of three-dimensional （3D） porous graphene-iron （3DGr-Fe） based electrocatalysts involving 3DGr-FeP,3DGr-Fe3C,and 3DGr-Fe3Se4is exploited for manipulating the Li-S redox *** has been observed that the implementation of a 3D porous Gr architecture leads to the well-designed conductive networks,while the uniformly dispersed iron nanoparticles introduce an abundance of active sites,fostering the lithium polysulfide conversion,thereby bolstering the overall electrochemical *** Li-S battery with the 3DGr-Fe based electrocatalyst exhibits remarkable capacity retention of 94.8%upon 100 times at 0.2 ***,the soft-packaged Li-S pouch cell based on such a 3DGr-Fe electrocatalyst delivers superior capacity of 1060.71 mA h g-1and guarantees for the continuous 30 min work of fan *** investigation gives comprehensive insights into the design,synthesis,and mechanism of 3DGr-Fe based electrocatalysts with high activity toward efficient and durable Li-S batteries.

关键词： Redox reactions

Ammonia-induced CuO/13X for h_(2)S removal from simulated blast furnace gas at low temperature

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第1期10卷 139-149页

作者： Erping cao Yuhua zheng hao zhang Jianshan Wang Yuran Li Tingyu zhu zhan-guo zhang Guangwen Xu Yanbin Cui State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization PanGang Group Research Institute Co.Ltd.Panzhihua Sichuan617000China Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang110142China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Blast furnace gas(BFG)is an important by-product energy for the iron and steel industry and has been widely used for heating or electricity ***,the undesirable contaminants in BFG(especially h_(2)S)generate harmful environmental *** desulfurization of BFG is urgent for integrated steel plants due to the stringent ultra-low emission *** with other desulfurization materials,zeolite-based adsorbents represent a viable option with low costs and long service *** this study,an ammonia-induced CuO modified 13X adsorbent(Nh3–CuO/13X)was prepared for h_(2)S removal from simulated BFG at low *** XRD,h_(2)-TPR and TEM analysis proved that smaller CuO particles were formed and the dispersion of Cu on the surface of 13X zeolite was improved via the induction of *** on h_(2)S adsorption performance of the adsorbent was carried out using simulated BFG,and the results showed that Nh3–CuO/13X-3 has better breakthrough sulfur capacity,which was more than twice the sulfur capacity of CuO/*** is proposed that the enhanced desulfurization performance of Nh3–CuO/13X is attributed to an abundant pore of 13X,and combined action of 13X and *** work provided an effective way to improve the sulfur capacity of zeolite-based adsorbents via impregnation method by ammonia induction.

关键词： Blast furnace gas Desulfurization Ammonia-induced CuO 13X zeolite