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Pluggable multitask diffractive neural networks based on cascaded metasurfaces

Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第2期7卷 23-31页

作者： cong He Dan zhao Fei Fan Hongqiang zhou Xin li Yao li Junjie li Fei Dong Yin-Xiao Miao Yongtian Wang lingling Huang Beijing Engineering Research center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Imaging Technology and System of Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Optics and PhotonicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Institute of Modern Optics Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network TechnologyNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Department of Physics and Optoelectronics Faculty of ScienceBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Beijing National Laboratory for condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100191China Beijing Aerospace Institute for Metrology and Measurement Technology Beijing 100076China

Optical neural networks have significant advantages in terms of power consumption,parallelism,and high computing speed,which has intrigued extensive attention in both academic and engineering *** has been considered as one of the powerful tools in promoting the fields of imaging processing and object ***,the existing optical system architecture cannot be reconstructed to the realization of multi-functional artificial intelligence systems *** push the development of this issue,we propose the pluggable diffractive neural networks(P-DNN),a general paradigm resorting to the cascaded metasurfaces,which can be applied to recognize various tasks by switching internal *** the proof-of-principle,the recognition functions of six types of handwritten digits and six types of fashions are numerical simulated and experimental demonstrated at near-infrared ***,the proposed paradigm not only improves the flexibility of the optical neural networks but paves the new route for achieving high-speed,low-power and versatile artificial intelligence systems.

关键词： optical neural networks diffractive deep neural networks cascaded metasurfaces

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Yuzaoea gen. nov., a new biraphid diatom(Bacillariophyceae)genus and its phylogenetic significance

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第2期43卷 130-136页

作者： Honghan liu chenhong li Lang li Xuesong li lin Sun Junrong liang Jun zhang Yahui Gao changping chen Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for coastal and Wetland Ecosystems and School of life Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Guangxi Academy of Marine SciencesGuangxi Academy of SciencesNanning 530007China Beibu Gulf Marine Industry Research Institute Fangchenggang 538000China

The flexed frustules in pennate diatoms are usually associated with monoraphid diatoms. Interestingly, we found a biraphid diatom species with flexed frustules in an offshore intertidal beach environment on Weizhou Island,Beihai city, Guangxi zhuang Autonomous Region, china. Therefore, based on morphological characteristics, we described a new genus of diatoms Yuzaoea sinensis gen. et sp. nov. cH li, HH liu, YH Gao & cP chen. The frustule of this genus is characterized by heterogeneous frustule with one concave valve and one convex valve,complete raphe on both valves, straight and moderately eccentric raphe, uniseriate striae and girdle bands with a single row of areolae. The most identifying feature of this genus was the flexed frustule, which is rare in biraphid diatoms and common in monoraphid diatoms. We compared the morphometric characteristics of genus Yuzaoea with genus Rhoikoneis and several genera within the family Rhoicospheniaceae, including Rhoicosphenia,campylopyxis, and cuneolus. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rRNA and rbc L showed that the genus Yuzaoea was the sister group to the clade of Rhoicosphenia with a high support value(bootstrap values = 100%), and the clade “Yuzaoea+Rhoicosphenia” was sister to the clade of monoraphid diatoms, in which the genera Achnanthidium, Planothidium and some cocconeis with high support values(bootstrap = 100%).Morphologically, the genus Yuzaoea shares many morphological features with monoraphid diatoms like genera Achnanthidium and Planothidium and the members within the Rhoicospheniaceae. Therefore, based on a combined morphological studies and phylogenetic results we suggested that this branch may represented the evolution of one kind monoraphid diatoms, from biraphid diatoms(e.g. genus Yuzaoea), to incompleted biraphid diatoms(e.g. genera Rhoicosphenia, campylopyxis), to monoraphid diatoms(e.g. genera Achnanthidium and Planothidium).

关键词： biraphid diatom marine new genus Rhoicospheniaceae taxonomy Yuzaoea

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Sourcing the merits of 3D integrated air cathodes for highperformance zn-air batteries by bubble pump consumption chronoamperometry

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6951-6959页

作者： Mengxuan li linfeng Yu Hai liu chuanyi zhang Jiazhan li liang Luo Xiaoming Sun State Key Laboratory of chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

zn-air batteries(zABs)as a potential energy conversion system suffer from low power density(typically≤200 mW·cm^(−2)).Recently,three-dimensional(3D)integrated air cathodes have demonstrated promising performance over traditional twodimensional(2D)plane ones,which is ascribed to enriched active sites and enhanced diffusion,but without experimental ***,we applied a bubble pump consumption chronoamperometry(BPcc)method to quantitatively identify the gas diffusion coefficient(D)and effective catalytic sites density(ρEc)of the integrated air cathodes for ***,the D andρEc values can instruct consequent optimization on the growth of co embedded N-doped carbon nanotubes(coNcNTs)on carbon fiber paper(cFP)and aerophilicity tuning,giving 4 times D and 1.3 timesρEc over the conventional 2D Pt/c-cFP *** a result,using the coNcNTs with half-wave potential of merely 0.78 V ***(Pt/c:0.89 V ***),the superaerophilic coNcNTs-cFP cathode-based zABs exhibited a superior peak power density of 245 mW·cm^(−2) over traditional 2D Pt/c-cFP counterparts,breaking the threshold of 200 mW·cm^(−2).This work reveals the intrinsic feature of the 3D integrated air cathodes by yielding exact D andρEc values,and demonstrates the feasibility of BPcc method for the optimization of integrated electrodes,bypassing trial-and-error strategy.

关键词： zn-air batteries three-dimensional(3D)integrated air cathodes superaerophilic gas diffusion coefficient effective catalytic sites density

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Analysis of application range of simplified models for field to thermo-field to thermionic emission processes from the cathode

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第9期26卷 51-60页

作者： li SUN zhuo DAI Ming XU Wei WANG zengyao li Applied Physics Department Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering Ministry of EducationSchool of Energy and Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China

Electron emission plays a dominant role in plasma-cathode interactions and is a key factor in many plasma phenomena and industrial *** is necessary to illustrate the various electron emission mechanisms and the corresponding applicable description models to evaluate their impacts on discharge *** this study,detailed expressions of the simplified formulas valid for field emission to thermo-field emission to thermionic emission typically used in the numerical simulation are proposed,and the corresponding application ranges are determined in the framework of the Murphy-Good theory,which is commonly regarded as the general model and to be accurate in the full range of conditions of the validity of the *** parameterization was used to evaluate the emission current density of the Murphy-Good formula,and a deviation factor was defined to obtain the application ranges for different work functions(2.5‒5 eV),cathode temperatures(300‒6000 K),and emitted electric fields(10^(5) to 10^(10) V·m^(-1)).The deviation factor was shown to be a nonmonotonic function of the three parameters.A comparative study of particle number densities in atmospheric gas discharge with a tungsten cathode was performed based on the one-dimensional implicit particle-in-cell(PIc)with the Monte carlo collision(Mcc)method according to the aforementioned application *** was found that small differences in emission current density can lead to variations in the distributions of particle number density due to changes in the collisional *** study provides a theoretical basis for selecting emission models for subsequent numerical simulations.

关键词： electron emission processes application range Murphy-Good theory implicit particlein-cell Monte carlo collision method

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Programmable synthetic receptors:the next-generation of cell and gene therapies

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 376-400页

作者： Fei Teng Tongtong cui li zhou Qingqin Gao Qi zhou Wei li University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Regenerative Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute for Stem cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China

cell and gene therapies hold tremendous promise for treating a range of difficult-to-treat ***,concerns over the safety and efficacy require to be further addressed in order to realize their full *** receptors,a synthetic biology tool that can precisely control the function of therapeutic cells and genetic modules,have been rapidly developed and applied as a powerful *** designed and engineered,they can be applied to finetune the therapeutic activities,i.e.,to regulate production of dosed,bioactive payloads by sensing and processing user-defined signals or *** review provides an overview of diverse synthetic receptor systems being used to reprogram therapeutic cells and their wide applications in biomedical *** a special focus on four synthetic receptor systems at the forefront,including chimeric antigen receptors(cARs)and synthetic Notch(synNotch)receptors,we address the generalized strategies to design,construct and improve synthetic ***,we also highlight the expanding landscape of therapeutic applications of the synthetic receptor systems as well as current challenges in their clinical translation.

关键词： synthetic landscape payload

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Optimal mining sequence for coal faces under a bedding slope:insight from landslide prevention

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1775-1798页

作者： li Qingmiao zHAO Jianjun li zhichao DENG Jie zUO Jing LAI Qiyi State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

Repetitive mining beneath bedding slopes is identified as a critical factor in geomorphic disturbances, especially landslides and surface subsidence. Prior research has largely concentrated on surface deformation in plains due to multi-seam coal mining and the instability of natural bedding slopes, yet the cumulative impact of different mining sequences on bedding slopes has been less explored. This study combines drone surveys and geological data to construct a comprehensive three-dimensional model of bedding slopes. Utilizing FLAc3D and PFc2D models, derived from laboratory experiments, it simulates stress, deformation, and failure dynamics of slopes under various mining sequences. Incorporating fractal dimension analysis, the research evaluates the stability of slopes in relation to different mining sequences. The findings reveal that mining in an upslope direction minimizes disruption to overlying strata. Initiating extraction from lower segments increases tensile-shear stress in coal pillar overburdens, resulting in greater creep deformation towards the downslope than when starting from upper segments, potentially leading to localized landslides and widespread creep deformation in mined-out areas. The downslope upward mining sequence exhibits the least fractal dimensions, indicating minimal disturbance to both strata and surface. While all five mining scenarios maintain good slope stability under normal conditions, recalibrated stability assessments based on fractal dimensions suggest that downslope upward mining offers the highest stability under rainfall, contrasting with the lower stability and potential instability risks of upslope downward mining. These insights are pivotal for mining operations and geological hazard mitigation in multi-seam coal exploitation on bedding slopes.

关键词： Bedding rock landslides Mining-induced deformation Bedding slope stability Underground mining sequences Fractal-based strength reduction method

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Activation of LONP1 by 84-B10 alleviates aristolochic acid nephropathy via re-establishing mitochondrial and peroxisomal homeostasis

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chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第9期22卷 808-821页

作者： XU X. zHU W. MIAO M. BAI M. FAN J. NIU Y. li Y. zHANG A. JIA z. WU M. School of Medicine Southeast University Nanjing 210009 China Department of Nephrology Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210008 China Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210008 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Early Development and chronic Diseases Prevention in children Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 China

Pharmaceutical formulations derived from Aristolochiaceae herbs, which contain aristolochic acids (AAs), are widely used for medicinal purposes. However, exposure to these plants and isolated AAs is linked to renal toxicity, known as AA nephropathy (AAN). currently, the mechanisms underlying AAN are not fully understood, leading to unsatisfactory treatment strategies. In this study, we explored the protective role of 84-B10 (5-[[2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-5-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl] amino]-5-oxo-3-phenylpentanoic acid) against AAN. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the mitochondrion and peroxisome were the most affected cellular components following 84-B10 treatment in AAN mice. consistently, 84-B10 treatment preserved mitochondrial ultrastructure, restored mitochondrial respiration, enhanced the expression of key transporters (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2) and enzymes (acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, medium chain) involved in mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation, and reduced mitochondrial ROS generation in both aristolochic acid I (AAI)-challenged mice kidneys and cultured proximal tubular epithelial cells. Additionally, 84-B10 treatment increased the expression of key transporters (ATP binding cassette subfamily D) and rate-limiting enzymes (acyl-coA oxidase 1) involved in peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation and restored peroxisomal redox balance. Knocking down LONP1 expression diminished the protective effects of 84-B10 against AAN, suggesting LONP1-dependent protection. In conclusion, our study provides evidence that AAN is associated with significant disturbances in both mitochondrial and peroxisomal functions. The LONP1 activator 84-B10 demonstrates therapeutic potential against AAN, likely by maintaining homeostasis in both mitochondria and peroxisomes. © 2024 china Pharmaceutical University

关键词： 84-B10 Aristolochic acid nephropathy LONP1 Mitochondrion Peroxisome

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Granger causal representation learning for groups of time series

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 56-68页

作者： Ruichu cAI Yunjin WU Xiaokai HUANG Wei cHEN Tom z.J.FU zhifeng HAO School of computer Science Guangdong University of Technology Peng cheng Laboratory college of Science Shantou University

Discovering causality from multivariate time series is an important but challenging *** existing methods focus on estimating the Granger causal structures among multivariate time series,while ignoring the prior knowledge of these time series, e.g., the group of the time series. Focusing on discovering the Granger causal structures among groups of time series, we propose a Granger causal representation learning method to solve this problem. First, we use the multiset canonical correlation analysis method to learn the Granger causal representation of each group of time series. Then, we model the Granger causal relationships among the learned Granger causal representations using a recurrent neural network with temporal information. Finally, we formulate the above two stages into one unified optimization problem, which is efficiently solved using the augmented Lagrangian method. We conduct extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets to validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Granger causal discovery Granger causal representation learning time series data recurrent neural network multiset canonical correlation analysis

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Rationale and design of Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic cerebrovascular Events III (TRAcE III): a randomised, phase III, open- label, controlled trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 82-89页

作者： Yunyun Xiong Bruce c V campbell Marc Fisher Lee H Schwamm Mark Parsons Hao li Yuesong Pan Xia Meng Xingquan zhao Yongjun Wang Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalBeijingChina china National clinical Research center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Department of Medicine and Neurology The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology and comprehensive Stroke center Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical SchoolLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background and purpose Recombinant human TNK tissue-type plasminogen activator(rhTNK-tPA)was not inferior to alteplase for ischaemic stroke within *** study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients who had an ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion(LVO)of anterior circulation beyond *** and design Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic cerebrovascular Events-III(TRAcE III)is a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open-label,blind endpoint,controlled clinical *** who had an ischaemic stroke due to anterior circulation LVO(internal carotid artery,middle cerebral artery M1 and M2 segments)within 4.5–24hours from last known well(including wake-up stroke and no witness stroke)and with salvageable tissue(ischaemic core volumech ratio≥1.8 and mismatch volume≥15mL)based on cT perfusion or MRI perfusion-weighted imaging(PWI)were included and randomised to rhTNK-tPA 0.25mg/kg(single bolus)to a maximum of 25mg or standard medical ***,we will exclude patients who are intended for direct *** will be followed up for 90 *** outcomes Primary efficacy outcome is modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score≤1 at 90 *** efficacy outcomes include ordinal distribution of mRS at 90 days,major neurological improvement defined by a decrease≥8 points compared with the initial deficit or a score≤1 on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)at 72 hours,mRS score≤2 at 90 days,the rate of improvement on Tmax>6s at 24 hours and NIHSS score change from baseline at *** outcomes are symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage within 36 hours and mortality at 90 *** TRAcE III will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients who had an ischaemic strokes due to anterior circulation LVO beyond *** registration number NcT05141305.

关键词： Therapy random Rational

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cOVID-19 vaccination produces exercise-responsive SARS-coV-2 specific T-cells regardless of infection history

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 99-107页

作者： Kyle A.Smith Tiffany M.zúñiga Forrest L.Baker Helena Batatinha charles R.Pedlar Shane c.Burgess Michael P.Gustafson Emmanuel Katsanis Richard J.Simpson School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Pediatrics The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Faculty of Sport Allied Health and Performance ScienceSt.Mary's UniversityTwickenham TW14SXUK Institute of Sport Exercise and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HUUK Department of Animal and comparative Biomedical Sciences The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA The University of Arizona cancer center The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719USA Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054USA Department of Immunobiology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Medicine The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Pathology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

Background:The mobilization and redistribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-coV-2)specific T-cells and neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)during exercise is purported to increase immune surveillance and protect against severe coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19).We sought to determine if cOVID-19 vaccination would elicit exercise-responsive SARS-coV-2 T-cells and transiently alter nAb ***:Eighteen healthy participants completed a 20-min bout of graded cycling exercise before and/or after receiving a cOVID-19 *** major leukocyte subtypes were enumerated before,during,and after exercise by flow cytometry,and immune responses to SARS-coV-2 were determined using whole blood peptide stimulation assays,T-cell receptor(TcR)-βsequencing,and SARS-coV-2 nAb ***:cOVID-19 vaccination had no effect on the mobilization or egress of major leukocyte subsets in response to intensity-controlled graded ***,non-infected participants had a significantly reduced mobilization of cD4+and cD8+naive T-cells,as well as cD4+central memory T-cells,after vaccination(synthetic immunity group);this was not seen after vaccination in those with prior SARS-coV-2 infection(hybrid immunity group).Acute exercise after vaccination robustly mobilized SARS-coV-2 specific T-cells to blood in an intensity-dependent *** groups mobilized T-cells that reacted to spike protein;however,only the hybrid immunity group mobilized T-cells that reacted to membrane and nucleocapsid *** increased significantly during exercise only in the hybrid immunity ***:These data indicate that acute exercise mobilizes SARS-coV-2 specific T-cells that recognize spike protein and increases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.

关键词： Anti-viral cOVID-19 Exercise immunology SARS-coV-2 T-cells Vaccine

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