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Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.Smith Liwen z.ou Cameron L.ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy z.Yang Haley o.Tucker JuliAnne Allg.od Jared S.Bushman g.orge D.Bittner Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesiz.d that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred Sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEg) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

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Modeling net-charge fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC

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Chinese Physics C 2025年第1期49卷 281-289页

作者： g.o.Ambaryan A.S.Chernyshov g.Kh.Eyyubova V.L.Korotkikh I.P.Lokhtin S.V.Petrushanko A.M.Snigirev E.E.z.brodin Physics Department Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRU-119991 MoscowRussia Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRU-119991 MoscowRussia Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear ResearchRU-141980 DubnaRussia Department of Physics University of OsloN-0316 OsloNorway

Analysis of Pb+Pb data for net-charge fluctuations at LHC energies using the HYDJET++model is *** strongly intensive quantities D and Σ were used to remove the effects related to system volume *** employed two versions of HYDJET++for the *** first one is the standard or default version,whereas the second one is a modification that takes into account explicit event-by-event conservation of the electric net-charge of produced *** inclusion of the canonical net-charge conservation in the model allows for better description of the experimental data obtained by the ALICE and CMS Collaborations.A comparison with calculations from other models is also presented.

关键词： relativistic heavy-ion collisions net-charge fluctuations strongly intensive variables canonical charge conservation

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EVALUATIoN oF SMART BooSTER FANS AND DAMPERS FoR ADVANCED HVAC SYSTEMS

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Journal of green Building 2021年第2期16卷 115-127页

作者： Behdad Rez.nejadz.njani Paul g.o’Brien Department of Mechanical Engineering Lassonde School of EngineeringYork University 4700 Keele St.TorontoONM3J 1P3Canada

There is potential to significantly reduce Co_(2) emissions by increasing the efficiency and reducing the duty cycle of HVAC systems by using smart booster fans and *** booster fans fit in the vents within a home,operating quietly on low power(2W)to augment HVAC systems and improve their *** this study,a prototype duct system is used to measure and evaluate the ability for smart booster fans and dampers to control airflow to different vents for the purpose of increasing the efficiency of HVAC *** case studies were evaluated:an HVAC system(1)without any fans or dampers,(2)with a fan installed in one vent,but without any dampers,(3)with dampers installed at the vents,but without any fans,and(4)with both fan and dampers *** results from both the experi-mental and numerical evaluation show that the smart booster fan and dampers can significantly improve the airflow at a vent that is *** example,the airflow at the last vent in a ducting branch was increased from 17 to 37 CFM when a smart booster fan was installed at this *** from the numerical analysis show that for the case of an underperforming vent during the winter season the HVAC running time may be reduced from 24 hr/day to 5.6 hr/***,results from the numerical analysis show the HVAC running time is further reduced to 4.5 hr/day for cases 3 and 4.

关键词： HVAC efficiency smart booster fans smart dampers airflow at HVAC vents HVAC duty cycles computational fluid dynamics(CFD)

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Transport mechanism in chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a curved oscillatory surface

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN T.ASgHAR z.ABBAS Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

This paper examines the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and mass transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a curved oscillatory surface. The influence of magnetic fields is also inspected in terms of their physical characteristics. To depict the phenomena of transport, modified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions are also incorporated. Utiliz.ng a curvilinear coordinate system, the flow problem is formulated as partial differential equations(PDEs)for momentum, concentration, microorganism field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utiliz.ng the homotopy analysis method(HAM).The effects of significant flow parameters on the pressure and microorganism fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions are shown via graphs. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local motile number due to different involved parameters are presented in tables and are analyz.d in detail. graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and temperature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volume fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the homogeneous reaction strength parameter and the radius of curvature parameter increase, and it increases with the Schmidt number and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcomes show a favorable response of the motile number to advanced values of the Peclet number, the Schmidt number, the microorganism difference parameter, and the bio-convective Lewis number.

关键词： analytical solution Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass flux chemical reaction gyrotactic microorganism hybrid nanofluid o368 oscillating curved stretchable sheet

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Interpretation of pipe-jacking and lubrication records for drives in silty soil

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Underg.ound Space 2020年第3期5卷 199-209页

作者： Kevin g.o’Dwyer Bryan A.McCabe Brian B.Sheil Civil Engineering College of Engineering and InformaticsNational University of IrelandGalwayIreland Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordUnited Kingdom

In recent years,there has been an increased resort to microtunnelling/pipe-jacking as a means of constructing underg.ound conduits(for water,sewage,gas,and other utilities)to avoid on-street disruption in urban *** this paper,technical details of two 1200 mm internal diameter microtunnels in silty sand totalling.over 550 m in length are *** average skin friction values are extremely low for both drives suggesting effective lubrication practice,differences in normalised bentonite volumes appear to be responsible for differences in skin *** or near full buoyancy of the pipeline has been demonstrated for the majority of the *** frictional stress increase after a stoppage is shown to depend on not only the stoppage duration but also on the normalised lubrication *** of data in the manner presented in the paper is an important means of assimilating experience of microtunnelling in different g.ound conditions.

关键词： Microtunnelling Pipe-jacking Skin friction Lubrication Pipe buoyancy Stoppages

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Dominant species of mid-elevation grasslands of the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg Park are predicted to be largely immune to climate change

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第9期20卷 2468-2486页

作者： Debbie JEWITT Craig D.MoRRIS Tim g.o’CoNNoR Michelle J.TEDDER Ez.mvelo Kz. Wildlife Scientific ServicesPO Box 13053Cascades 3202South Africa School of Animal Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgPrivate Bag X3WITS 2050South Africa Agricultural Research Council-Animal Production(ARC-AP) ℅School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01Scottsville 3209PietermaritzburgSouth Africa School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01Scottsville 3209PietermaritzburgSouth Africa

Anticipating g.obal change impact on natural vegetation,especially in poorly researched systems,requires an understanding.of the environmental factors that most strongly influence the organisation of plant communities at different *** environmental relations of plant communities in the Drakensberg mountains of South Africa remain poorly *** study investigated the influence of selected environmental determinants on the dominant species of plant community organisation in this *** order to provide an overview of the influence of the environment on botanical composition and plant diversity,this study,conducted as four discrete exercises,investigated the interplay of altitude,aspect and slope on the abundance of selected species,and to examine the influence of latitude,g.ological substrate and local topography on species *** diversity showed no pattern of response to investigated environmental *** composition was related to temperature and solarradiation *** altitude sites facing east were distinct for non-graminoid *** and latitude exerted a pronounced effect on species composition,confounded by longitude and precipitation *** substrate,in concert with slope steepness and orientation,influenced composition,restricting the abundance but not distribution of some *** individualistic responses were found for C_3,C_4,and non-graminoid species in relation to altitude,slope and *** and aspect mediate the effects of altitude and hence temperature for some *** study has demonstrated the complexity of drivers influencing species and compositional distribution in the Drakensberg and permits a preliminary consideration of potential changes in the composition and dominance structure of mid-elevation grasslands in response to climate *** dominant grass species were widespread across environmental gradients,occupying currently warm,cool,moist and dry habitats

关键词： Drakensberg Environmental gradients grasslands Mountain biodiversity Vegetation

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oN THE L_∞ CoNVERgENCE AND THE EXTRAPoLATIoN METHoD oF A DIFFERENCE SCHEME FoR NoNLoCAL PARABoLIC EQUATIoN WITH NATURAL BoUNDARY CoNDITIoNS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2001年第5期19卷 449-458页

作者： Wan, z.-S. Sun, z.-z. Institute of Applied Physics and CM P.O. Box 8009 Beijing 100088 China

In paper (J. Comput. Appl. Math., 76 (1996), 137-146), a difference scheme for a class of nonlocal parabolic equations with natural boundary conditions was derived by the method of reduction of order and the unique solvability and second order convergence in L2-norm are proved. In this paper, we prove that the scheme is second order convergent in L∞ norm and then obtain fourth order accuracy approximation in L∞ norm by extrapolation method. At last, one numerical example is presented.

关键词： Approximation theory Boundary conditions Convergence of numerical methods Extrapolation

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Relational characteristics and dynamics between high-tech firms in the Pearl River Delta and the empowerment for technological innovation by Hong Kong

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Journal of g.ographical Sciences 2025年第2期35卷 382-408页

作者： XU Jili Anthony g.o.YEH g.orge C.S.LIN LIU Xingjian YANg Fan Fiona LUo z.xin guangz.ou Institute of g.ography Guangdong Academy of Sciences Department of Urban Planning and Design The University of Hong Kong Department of g.ography The University of Hong Kong School of g.ography and Planning Sun Yat-Sen University

The perfection of the cross-border reg.onal innovation system of the Pearl River Delta(PRD) and Hong Kong remarkably underpins the construction of the guang.ong-Hong Kong-Macao greater Bay Area(gBA) towards an international technological innovation *** paper focuses on the relational characteristics of the usage of technological innovation functions and elements, including labor force, technology, and producer services from Hong Kong by high-technology firms in the PRD, and probes into the influencing factors by integrating the objective perspective on the impact of firm-level socioeconomic attributes and subjective perspective on the open interpretations on the reasons by using.or not using technological innovation functions and elements from Hong Kong by various stakeholders in high-technology domains in the PRD. Key research findings are fourfold. First, Hong Kong's technological innovation functions primarily ride on its institutional advantages under the “one Country, Two Systems” framework to empower high-technology firms in the PRD by expanding their international market, international business operation, and financing, but cross-border investment and entrepreneurship has retrieved to a relatively marginaliz.d position. The degree of supply-demand relations of producer services is the highest, followed by labor force and ***, Hong Kong-invested, large-siz.d, and long-standing high-technology firms in the PRD are more inclined to use technological innovation elements from Hong Kong, while domestic,small-and-medium-siz.d, and start-up high-technology firms in the PRD are in turn, gradually unhooked from the supply of technological innovation elements from Hong Kong. Third, Hong Kong enjoys both advantages and disadvantages in supplying labor forces, technologies, and producer services to high-technology firms in the PRD, with advantages in competitiveness,international linkages and visions, and disadvantages in high cost, lack of more profoun

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Seasonal influence on miRNA expression dynamics of extracellular vesicles in equine follicular fluid

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 136-152页

作者： Jean M.Feugang Ahmed gad Nico g.Menjivar ghassan M.Ishak Samuel gebremedhn Melba o.gastal Notsile H.Dlamini Radek Prochaz.a Eduardo L.gastal Dawit Tesfaye Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMS 39762USA Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory(ARBL) Department of Biomedical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Department of Animal Production Faculty of AgricultureCairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt Department of Surgery and obstetrics College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BaghdadBaghdad 10011Iraq Animal Science School of Agricultural SciencesSouthern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901USA J.R.Simplot Company KunaID 83634USA Institute of Animal Physiology and genetics Czech Academy of SciencesLiběchov 27721Czech Republic

Backg.ound ovarian follicular fluid(FF)is a dynamic environment that changes with the seasons,affecting follicle development,ovulation,and oocyte *** in the follicles release tiny particles called extracellular vesicles(EVs)containing vital regulatory molecules,such as microRNAs(miRNAs).These miRNAs are pivotal in facilitating commu-nication within the follicles through diverse signaling and information transfer ***-coupled miRNA signaling is implicated to be associated with ovarian function,follicle and oocyte g.owth and response to various environmen-tal ***,we investigated how seasonal variations directly influence the ovulatory and anovulatory states of ovarian follicles and how are they associated with follicular fluid EV-coupled miRNA dynamics in *** Ultrasonographic monitoring and follicular fluid aspiration of preovulatory follicles in horses during the ano-vulatory(spring:non-breeding)and ovulatory(spring,summer,and fall:breeding)seasons and subsequent EV isola-tion and miRNA profiling identified significant variation in EV-miRNA cargo *** identified 97 miRNAs with dif-ferential expression among the g.oups and specific clusters of miRNAs involved in the spring transition(miR-149,-200b,-206,-221,-328,and-615)and peak breeding period(including miR-143,-192,-451,-302b,-100,and let-7c).Bioinformatic analyses showed enrichments in various biological functions,e.g.,transcription factor activity,transcrip-tion and transcription regulation,nucleic acid binding,sequence-specific DNA binding,p53 signaling,and post-trans-lational *** analyses revealed distinct sets of significantly up-and down-regulated miRNAs associ-ated with spring anovulatory(Cluster 1)and summer ovulation–the peak breeding season(Clusters 4 and 6).Conclusions The findings from the current study shed light on the dynamics of FF-EV-coupled miRNAs in relation to equine ovulatory and anovulatory seasons,and their roles in understanding the

关键词： Extracellular vesicle Follicle g.owth Follicular fluid Horse Mare ovulation Pre-ovulation Seasonal breeding

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Reducing force transmissibility in multiple degrees of freedom structures through anti-symmetric nonlinear viscous damping

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2012年第5期28卷 1436-1448页

作者： z.-K.Peng z.-Q.Lang g.Meng S.A.Billings State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield

In the present study, the Volterra series theory is adopted to theoretically investigate the force transmissibility of multiple degrees of freedom （MDoF） structures, in which an isolator with nonlinear anti-symmetric viscous damping is assembled. The results reveal that the anti-symmetric nonlinear viscous damping can significantly reduce the force trans- missibility over all resonance reg.ons for MDoF structures with little effect on the transmissibility over non-resonant and isolation reg.ons. The results indicate that the vibration isolators with an anti-symmetric damping characteristic have great potential to solve the dilemma occurring in the design of linear viscously damped vibration isolators where an increase of the damping level reduces the force transmissibility over resonant frequencies but increases the transmissibility over non-resonant frequency reg.ons. This work is an extension of a previous study in which MDoF structures installed on the mount through an isolator with cubic nonlinear damping are considered. The theoretical analysis results are also verified by simulation studies.

关键词： Nonlinear viscous damping Force transmissibility - Vibration isolation Volterra series

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