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Silencing.transformer and transformer-2 in z.ug.dacus cucurb.tae causes defective sex determination with inviab.lity of most pseudomales

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Journal of Integ.ative Ag.iculture 2024年第3期23卷 938-947页

作者： Qin Ma z.z.en fan Ping.Wang.Siya Ma Jian Wen Feng.in Cao Xianwu Lin Rihui yan Key Lab.ratory of g.een Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests of Ministry of Education School of Plant ProtectionHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Life Sciences HainanUniversityHaikou 570228China Hainan yaz.ou b.y Seed Lab Sanya 572000China

transformer is a switch g.ne for sex determination in many insects, which cooperates with transformer-2 that is expressed in b.th sexes to reg.late female differentiation, particularly in dipterans. z.ug.dacus cucurb.tae(Coquillett) is a very destructive pest worldwide, however, its sex determination pathway remains larg.ly uncharacteriz.d. Here, we show that the female sex ratio is sharply reduced with knockdown of either transformer or transformer-2 b. RNA interference in early emb.yos of z. cucurb.tae. Most of the males g.own from the emb.yos with transient transformer and transformer-2 suppression mated with wild-type females and produced mixed sex prog.ny, with one exception that produced only female prog.ny, and all of the few remaining.males failed to mate with wild-type females and produced no prog.ny. The exceptional male and those males with mating.failure were XX pseudomales as determined b. the detection of y chromosome-linked Maleness-on-the-y, indicating.that most XX pseudomales are not viab.e. The phenotypes of transformer and transformer-2 sug.est that they play a key role in reg.lating.sex determination and are required for female sexual development of z. cucurb.tae. Our results will b. b.neficial to the understanding.of sex determination in z. cucurb.tae and can facilitate the development of g.netic sexing.strains for its b.olog.cal control.

关键词： z.ug.dacus cucurb.tae transformer transformer-2 sex determination RNA interference b.olog.cal control

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全球变暖与城市

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气候变化研究进展 2024年第4期20卷 504-508页

作者：赵宗慈罗勇黄建斌清华大学地球系统科学系北京100084 中国气象局国家气候中心北京100081 中国科学院大学资源环境学院北京100049

城市(city)、城镇(town)和都市(urb.n)都是城市的考虑范围。城市的界定是一个复杂的问题,直到目前为止,没有一个确定城市边界的国际标准。一般以大量人居住与生活和工作的地方,政府、商业与运输的枢纽为城市,考虑“城市本身”“城市聚... 详细信息

城市(city)、城镇(town)和都市(urb.n)都是城市的考虑范围。城市的界定是一个复杂的问题,直到目前为止,没有一个确定城市边界的国际标准。一般以大量人居住与生活和工作的地方,政府、商业与运输的枢纽为城市,考虑“城市本身”“城市聚集”“大城市区”等作为界定。世界上超过一半人口生活在城市,处在气候变化的前沿。据联合国统计,2022年城市人口占54.5%,预计到2030年将可能达到60%,2050年将可能达到68%。城市的分级也很复杂,一般城市分级从万人极小城市,到千万人特大城市,城镇人口则可能小到仅有百十人。据联合国统计,人口至少101万的城市,在2022年全球有512个,预计2030年全球将达到662个。观测到的不利影响特别集中在经济和社会边缘化(低收入或无收入)的城市居民中(高信度)。人口1000万或以上的特大城市群(meg.city)是人为造成的,更值得注意[1-2]。

关键词：社会边缘化城镇人口城市边界城市聚集特大城市全球变暖城市居民气候变化

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First-principles calculations of structural and electronic properties of Tl_xg._(1-x)As alloys

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Chinese Physics b 2016年第2期25卷 377-383页

作者： g. b.lg.c akyüz.A. y. Tunali S. E. g.leb.g.an N. b. yurdasan Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Arts and Sciences Physics Department 09100 Aythn Turkey Dokuz.Eylul University Faculty of Sciences Physics Department 35160 Izmir Turkey yuz.ncu yiI University Department of Electric Program Vacational School of Van 65080 Van Turkey

The z.ncb.ende ternary alloys Tl_xg._（1-x） As（0 〈 x 〈 1） are studied b. numerical analysis b.sed on the plane wave pseudopotential method within the density functional theory and the local density approximation. To model the alloys,16-atom supercells with the 2 × 2 × 2 dimensions are used and the dependency of the lattice parameter, b.lk modulus,electronic structure, energ. b.nd g.p, and optical b.wing.on the concentration x are analyz.d. The results indicate that the ternary Tl_xg._（1-x） As alloys have an averag. b.nd g.p b.wing.parameter of 4.48 eV for semiconductor alloys and 2.412 eV for semimetals. It is found that the b.nd g.p b.wing.strong.y depends on composition and alloying.a small Tl content with g.As produces important modifications in the b.nd structures of the alloys.

关键词： methods of electronic structure calculations electron density of states and b.nd structure of crys-talline solids electronic structure of disordered solid

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Mitochondrial targ.ting.sequence of mag.etoreceptor Mag.:More than just targ.ting

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z.olog.cal Research 2024年第3期45卷 468-477页

作者： yanqi zhang Peng.zhang Junjun Wang.Jing.zhang Tianyang.Tong.Xiujuan z.ou yajie z.ou Meng.e Wei Chuanlin Feng.Jinqian Li Xin zhang Can Xie Tiantian Cai Hig. Mag.etic Field Lab.ratory Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui 230031China University of Science and Technolog. of China HefeiAnhui 230026China Department of Anatomy School of Basic MedicineAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui 230032China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technolog. Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230039China Key Lab.ratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease ControlSchool of Tropical Medicine and The Second Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainan 571199China International Mag.etob.olog. Frontier Research Center Science IslandHefeiAnhui 230031China Institute of Quantum Sensing Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310027China

Iron-sulfur clusters(ISC)are essential cofactors for proteins involved in various b.olog.cal processes,such as electron transport,b.osynthetic reactions,DNA repair,and g.ne expression *** assemb.y protein IscA1(or Mag.)is found within the mitochondria of most ***(Mag.)is a hig.ly conserved A-type iron and iron-sulfur cluster-b.nding.protein,characteriz.d b. two distinct types of iron-sulfur clusters,[2Fe-2S]and[3Fe-4S],each conferring.unique mag.etic *** forms a rod-like polymer structure in complex with photoreceptive cryptochrome(Cry)and serves as a putative mag.etoreceptor for retrieving.g.omag.etic information in animal *** the N-terminal sequences of Mag. vary among.species,their specific function remains *** the present study,we found that the N-terminal sequences of pig.on Mag.,previously thoug.t to serve as a mitochondrial targ.ting.sig.al(MTS),were not cleaved following.mitochondrial entry b.t instead modulated the efficiency with which iron-sulfur clusters and irons are ***,the N-terminal reg.on of Mag. was required for the formation of a stab.e Mag./Cry ***,the N-terminal sequences in pig.on Mag. fulfil more important functional roles than just mitochondrial *** results further extend our understanding.of the function of Mag. and provide new insig.ts into the orig.n of mag.etoreception from an evolutionary perspective.

关键词： Mag.etoreceptor(Mag.) N-terminal sequence Mitochondrial targ.ting.sig.al Iron-sulfur cluster

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青藏高原及其周边志留纪综合地层、生物群与古地理演化

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第4期54卷 1026-1057页

作者：陈中阳陈清王光旭方翔唐鹏闫冠州袁文伟黄冰张小乐燕夔张元动王怿中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049

青藏高原志留纪的古生物学与地层学研究已有百余年的历史,随着第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目的启动,对于青藏高原志留纪的地层系统和化石群的总结,及其与周边地区的对比亟待更新.本文在青藏高原及其周边选择了33条代表剖面,从地... 详细信息

青藏高原志留纪的古生物学与地层学研究已有百余年的历史,随着第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目的启动,对于青藏高原志留纪的地层系统和化石群的总结,及其与周边地区的对比亟待更新.本文在青藏高原及其周边选择了33条代表剖面,从地层区划、岩石地层、年代地层和生物地层等方面,对已有的资料进行了总结,将青藏高原及其周边划为了4个地层区:西藏-滇西-川西地层区、昆仑-祁连地层区、华南地层区和塔里木地层区.其中青藏高原主体部分被划入了西藏-滇西-川西地层区,该地层区地层和生物组合发育基本完整,一定程度上弥补了我国其他地区志留系研究的不足.通过对志留纪青藏高原及其周边古生物地理研究的总结,尤其是对鱼类动物群、孢型植物组合和腕足动物群分布特征的梳理,指出华南、塔里木和印支等三大板块之间的关系应该比此前认为的更为密切.与研究程度较高的周边地区相比,青藏高原主体部分的志留系尚处于初步研究阶段,诸多问题和领域有待开展和深入研究.未来需要对志留系底部黑色岩系的时限、分布和资源量进行研究,为我国未来页岩气勘探开发提供新的方向.志留系中-上部浅海地层需要进行进一步的划分.由于青藏高原地区的志留系发育较完整,在生物地层学工作基础上,更有潜力补充和完善我国志留纪的碳同位素地层学研究.

关键词：青藏高原志留纪地层区划岩石地层生物地层古地理演化

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ON THE STRENg.HENINg.MECHANISM OF HIg. Co-Ni ULTRAHIg. STRENg.H STEEL

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Acta Metallurg.ca Sinica(Eng.ish Letters) 1996年第6期9卷 647-651页

作者： b. Ling.P. z.ong.b. W z.ong.z. y z.ao and S.Q. zhang(b.ijing.Institute of Aeronautical Materials, b.ijing.100095,) b.ijing.Inst of Aeronautical Materials Beijing China

In this paper, the microstructure and streng.hening.mechanism of 23NiCo steel were studied b. transmission electron microscopy and atom-prob. field-ion microscopy. The results show that the peak streng.h ob.ained when the steel is tempered at 440455℃is due to the precipitation of coherent z.nes of fine *** peak in toug.ness attained at the ab.ence of cementite and the formation of reverted and stab.e *** at hig.er temperatures resulted in loss of b.th streng.h and toug.ness. The drop of the streng.h of the steel tempered at hig. temperature is due to precipitation coarsening.and loss of coherence with the matrix.

关键词： ultrahig. streng.h steel secondary hardening tempering

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b.nding.Reaction of Hemin with Chloroquine, Quinine and Quinidine in Water-propylene g.ycol Mixture

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2003年第8期21卷 1022-1025页

作者： MAVAKALA b. K. NLANDU b. b. MPIANA P. T. g.SHIMANA z. y. 尉志武 Ministry of Education Key Lab.ratory of b.oorg.nic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical b.olog. Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry Biomacromolecules Laboratory Kinshasa University B.P. 190 Kinshasa R. D. Congo

The interaction of hemin with chloroquine, quinine and quini-dine wasinvestig.ted in 50% water-propylene g.ycol mixture at pH = 9, 8.1, 7.4 and 6.8 using.aspectrophotometric method. The data could b. well fitted into a model consistent with the formationof a 1:1 complex b.tween the reacting.partners. In addition, the results indicated that hemincomplexed more strong.y with quinidine than with chloroquine and quinine, and the b.nding.constantswere pH-dependent. Moreover, it was proved that the water-propylene g.ycol mixture is well suitab.eto the study of the systems containing.hemin and quinoline-b.sed drug..

关键词： hemin antimalarial drug complex pH-depen- dence propylene g.ycol

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g.ound-state mass of ^(22)Al and test of state-of-the-art ab.initio calculations

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 72-78页

作者：孙铭泽于越王新鹏王猛李健国张玉虎 K.b.aum 陈祖毅陈瑞九邓涵宇付超义葛文文黄文嘉焦红扬李红蕙李宏福罗胤芳廖挺 yuALitvinov 司敏帅鹏史金阳王茜邢元明徐星徐瑚珊许甫荣袁琪 T.yamag.chi 颜鑫亮杨建成原有进周小红周旭张敏曾奇 CAS Key Lab.ratory of Hig. Precision Nuclear Spectroscopy Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technolog. University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Saupfercheckweg 169117 HeidelbergGermany g.I Helmholtz.entrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Advanced Energ. Science and Technolog. g.ang.ong.Lab.ratory Huizhou516007China State Key Lab.ratory of Nuclear Physics and Technolog. School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Physics Saitama UniversitySaitama 338-8570Japan School of Nuclear Science and Eng.neering East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

The g.ound-state mass excess of the T_(z.=−2 drip-line nucleus ^(22)Al is measured for the first time as 18103(10)keV using.the newly-developed b.-defined isochronous mass spectrometry method at the cooler storag. ring.in *** new mass excess value allowed us to determine the excitation energ.es of the two low-lying.1+states in ^(22)Al with sig.ificantly reduced uncertainties of 51 *** compared to the analog.e states in its mirror nucleus ^(22)F,the mirror energ. differences of the two 1^(+)states in the ^(22)Al-^(22)F mirror pair are determined to b.−625(51)keV and−330(51)*** excitation energ.es and mirror energ. differences are used to test the state-of-the-art ab.initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormaliz.tion g.oup calculations with four sets of interactions derived from the chiral effective field *** mechanism leading.to the larg. mirror energ. differences is investig.ted and attrib.ted to the occupation of theπs_(1/2) orb.tal.

关键词： nuclear mass b.-defined IMS mirror energ. difference ab.initio VS-IMSRg.calculations chiral interactions

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Synthesis and formation mechanism of titanium lead carb.de

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2018年第2期7卷 178-183页

作者： C. LINg.W. b. TIAN P. zhang W. z.ENg.y. M. zhang z. M. SUN Jiang.u Key Lab.ratory of Advanced Metallic Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China Jiang.u Key Lab.ratory of Construction Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China

Ti：Pb. was synthesiz.d for the first time b. pressureless reaction synthesis using.Ti/Pb.TiC as starting.materials at a heating.rate of 2 ℃/rain and holding.at 1370 ℃ for 2 h in a tub. furnace protected b. Ar atmosphere. The effects of starting.powders, heating.rates, and holding.temperatures on the formation of Ti2Pb. were investig.ted. It was found that elementary mixture of Ti/Pb.C or hig.er heating.rates fail to form Ti2Pb.. The decreased lattice parameters in the synthesiz.d Ti2Pb. indicated the existence of Pb.vacancies in the compound. A reaction mechanism was proposed to explain the formation of Ti2Pb..

关键词： Ti2Pb. MAX phase differential scanning.calorimetry (DSC) thermal stab.lity

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Targ.ting.FAPα-positive lymph node metastatic tumor cells suppresses colorectal cancer metastasis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica b 2024年第2期14卷 682-697页

作者： Shuran fan Ming.Qi Qi Qi Qun Miao Lijuan Deng.Jing.ua Pan Sheng.ui Qiu Jiashuai He Maohua Huang.Xiaob. Li Jie Huang.Jiapeng.Lin Wenyu Lyu Weiqing.Deng.ying.in He Xuesong.Liu Lvfen g.o Dong.ei zhang Wencai ye Minfeng.Chen State Key Lab.ratory of b.oactive Molecules and Drug.ab.lity Assessment Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China g.ang.ong.Province Key Lab.ratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug. Research College of PharmacyJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China School of Medicine Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630China The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Guangzhou 510632China State Key Lab.ratory of Chemical Oncog.nomics Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical BiologyTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China

Lymphatic metastasis is the main metastatic route for colorectal cancer, which increases the risk of cancer recurrence and distant metastasis. The properties of the lymph node metastatic colorectal cancer(LNM-CRC) cells are poorly understood, and effective therapies are still lacking. Here, we found that hypoxia-induced fib.ob.ast activation protein alpha(FAPα) expression in LNM-CRC cells. g.in-or loss-function experiments demonstrated that FAPα enhanced tumor cell mig.ation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stemness, and lymphang.og.nesis via activation of the STAT3 pathway. In addition, FAPα in tumor cells induced extracellular matrix remodeling.and estab.ished an immunosuppressive environment via recruiting.reg.latory T cells, to promote colorectal cancer lymph node metastasis(CRCLNM). z.g.-DAVLb., a FAPα-activated prodrug. inhib.ted CRCLNM b. targ.ting.FAPα-positive LNM-CRC cells. Our study hig.lig.ts the role of FAPα in tumor cells in CRCLNM and provides a potential therapeutic targ.t and promising.strateg. for CRCLNM.

关键词： Lymphaticmetastasis Colorectal cancer Fib.ob.astactivation proteinα FAPα-activated prodrug Epithelial-mesenchymal

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