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The role of inflammasomes in human diseases and their potential as therapeutic targets

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 479-508页

作者： Jing Yao Keenan Sterling z.e Wang Yun z.ang Weihong song The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Townsend Family Laboratories Department of PsychiatryBrain Research CenterThe University of British Columbia2255 Wesbrook MallVancouverBC V6T 1Z3Canada Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases Ministry of EducationBeijingP.R.China z.ejiang Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders Key Laboratory of Alzheimer’s Disease of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Mental Health and The Affiliated Kangning HospitalInstitute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang 325000China Oujiang Laboratory(z.ejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health)WenzhouZhejiang 325000China

Inflammasomes are large protein complexes that play a major role in sensing inflammatory signals and triggering the innate immune *** inflammasome complex has three major components:an upstream sensor molecule that is connected to a downstream effector protein such as caspase-1 through the adapter protein *** formation typically occurs in response to infectious agents or cellular *** active inflammasome then triggers caspase-1 activation,followed by the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and pyroptotic cell *** inflammasome activation and activity contribute to the development of diabetes,cancer,and several cardiovascular and neurodegenerative *** a result,recent research has increasingly focused on investigating the mechanisms that regulate inflammasome assembly and activation,as well as the potential of targeting inflammasomes to treat various *** clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate the therapeutic potential of several distinct inflammasome-targeting ***,understanding how different inflammasomes contribute to disease pathology may have significant implications for developing novel therapeutic *** this article,we provide a summary of the biological and pathological roles of inflammasomes in health and *** also highlight key evidence that suggests targeting inflammasomes could be a novel strategy for developing new disease-modifying therapies that may be effective in several conditions.

关键词： inflam therapeutic potential

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Recent progress in the research on magnesium and magnesium alloy foils:A short review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 842-854页

作者： Qiuyan Shen Yongxing Ba Peng z.ang Jiangfeng song Bin Jiang Fusheng Pan National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Magnesium and magnesium alloy foils have great potential for application in battery anodes,electromagnetic shielding,optics and acoustics,and biology because of their excellent specific damping,internal dissipation coefficients,magnetic and electrical conductivities,as well as high theoretical specific ***,magnesium alloys exhibit poor deformation ability due to their hexagonal close-packed crystal *** magnesium and magnesium alloy foils with thicknesses of less than 0.1 mm is difficult because of surface oxidation and grain growth at high temperatures or severe anisotropy after cold rolling that leads to *** methods have been applied to prepare magnesium alloy *** include warm rolling,cold rolling,accumulative roll bonding,electric plastic rolling,and on-line heating *** of magnesium and magnesium alloy foils during preparation,such as edge cracks and breakage,are important factors for ***,the current status of the research on magnesium and magnesium alloy foils is summariz.d from the aspects of foil preparation,defect control,performance characteriz.tion,and application *** advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods and defect(edge cracks and breakage)mechanisms in the preparation of foils are identified.

关键词： magnesium alloy foil rolling defect performance application

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Preparation and characteriz.tion of Rb-doped TiO_(2) powders for photocatalytic applications

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 555-561页

作者： Lu Jia Li-Mei Yang Wei Wang song-Tao Huang z.eng Xu National Engineering Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing100088China

TiO_(2)nanoparticles doped with different concentrations of Rb were prepared by sol–gel *** crystal structures of samples were characteriz.d by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).It was confirmed by the Rietveld refinement method that the as-prepared samples crystalliz. in anatase phase and Rb doping induces expansion and distortion of the crystal *** with the pure TiO_(2),the Rb-doped nanoparticles have smaller crystal siz. and better *** rate of methylene blue was used to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of Rb–TiO_(2).It indicated that doping Rb into TiO_(2)can effectively improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO_(2)and the mechanisms were discussed in *** using the sample doped with 0.20%Rb,methylene blue degraded with the fastest rate(97%within 60 min).

关键词： Rb doping TiO_(2) Photocatalysis Sol-gel

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Rice Variety Classification Based on Optimiz.d Near-Infrared Spectral Classification Model

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 6-9,I0009-I0012页

作者： YANG Sen WANG z.enmin z.ANG Houqing song Wenlong College of Computer and Control Engineering Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China The 49th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Harbin 150000China

Accurate classification of rice variety is essential to ensure the brand value of high-quality rice *** the impact of sample state on modeling optimiz.tion algorithms,rice samples after grinding and sealing were *** enhance the accuracy of rice variety classification,we introduced a spectral characteristic wavelength selection method based on adaptive sliding window permutation entropy(ASW-PE).

关键词： sealing Infrared grinding

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A Deep Learning Approach for Forecasting Thunderstorm Gusts in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1342-1363页

作者： Yunqing LIU Lu YANG Mingxuan CHEN Linye song Lei HAN Jingfeng XU Faculty of Information Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Thunderstorm gusts are a common form of severe convective weather in the warm season in North China,and it is of great importance to correctly forecast *** present,the forecasting of thunderstorm gusts is mainly based on traditional subjective methods,which fails to achieve high-resolution and high-frequency gridded forecasts based on multiple observation *** this paper,we propose a deep learning method called Thunderstorm Gusts TransU-net(TGTransUnet)to forecast thunderstorm gusts in North China based on multi-source gridded product data from the Institute of Urban Meteorology(IUM)with a lead time of 1 to 6 *** determine the specific range of thunderstorm gusts,we combine three meteorological variables:radar reflectivity factor,lightning location,and 1-h maximum instantaneous wind speed from automatic weather stations(AWSs),and obtain a reasonable ground truth of thunderstorm ***,we transform the forecasting problem into an image-to-image problem in deep learning under the TG-TransUnet architecture,which is based on convolutional neural networks and a *** analysis and forecast data of the enriched multi-source gridded comprehensive forecasting system for the period 2021–23 are then used as training,validation,and testing ***,the performance of TG-TransUnet is compared with other *** results show that TG-TransUnet has the best prediction results at 1–6 *** IUM is currently using this model to support the forecasting of thunderstorm gusts in North China.

关键词： thunderstorm gusts deep learning weather forecasting convolutional neural network transformer

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In-situ additive manufacturing of high strength yet ductility titanium composites with gradient layered structure using N_(2)

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 387-409页

作者： Yunmian Xiao Changhui song z.bin Liu Linqing Liu Hanxiang z.ou Di Wang Yongqiang Yang School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641People’s Republic of China

It has always been challenging work to reconcile the contradiction between the strength and plasticity of titanium *** powder bed fusion(LPBF) is a convenient method to fabricate innovative composites including those inspired by gradient layered *** this work,we used LPBF to selectively prepare Ti N/Ti gradient layered structure(GLSTi)composites by using different N_(2)–Ar ratios during the LPBF *** systematically investigated the mechanisms of in-situ synthesis Ti N,high strength and ductility of GLSTi composites using microscopic analysis,TEM characteriz.tion,and tensile testing with digital image ***,a digital correspondence was established between the N_(2) concentration and the volume fraction of LPBF in-situ synthesiz.d Ti *** results show that the GLSTi composites exhibit superior mechanical properties compared to pure titanium fabricated by LPBF under pure ***,the tensile strength of GLSTi was more than 1.5times higher than that of LPBF-formed pure titanium,reaching up to 1100 MPa,while maintaining a high elongation at fracture of 17%.GLSTi breaks the bottleneck of high strength but low ductility exhibited by conventional nanoceramic particle-strengthened titanium matrix composites,and the hetero-deformation induced strengthening effect formed by the Ti N/Ti layered structure explained its strength-plasticity balanced *** microhardness exhibits a jagged variation of the relatively low hardness of 245 HV0.2 for the pure titanium layer and a high hardness of 408 HV0.2 for the N_(2) in-situ synthesis *** study provides a new concept for the structure-performance digital customiz.tion of 3D-printed Ti-based composites.

关键词： laser powder bed fusion layered structure composites in-situ synthesis TiN strength-plasticity synergy

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Integrated interconnected porous and lamellar structures realiz.d fast ion/electron conductivity in high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 161-167页

作者： Ya song Mingxia z.ou z.u Chen Huali Nie Jiao-Jing Shao Guangmin z.ou School of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Medical College of Guiz.ou University Guiyang 550025China College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Shenz.en Geim Graphene Center Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

The practical application of high-energy-density lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries have been highly praised for energy storage devices,while are largely hindered by the“shuttling effect”.Herein,core-shell carbon spheres composed of interlinked porous core and lamellar shell were designed to restrain the polysulfide *** microporous structure with pore siz. of around 1 nm effectively trap lithium ***,the interconnected porous core shortens the ion transfer distance and the lamellar carbon shell endows the carbon spheres with fast electron conduction,finally facilitating polysulfide conversion ***,the Li-S batteries with the carbon spheres as the interlayer show high discharge specific capacity of 1002 m Ah/g at 2 C with 574 m Ah/g remaining after 600 cycles,and high areal capacity of 5.48 m Ah/cm^(2) with sulfur loading of 4.67 mg/cm^(2) at 0.1 *** corresponding pouch cells also exhibit stable cycling stability with an initial discharge specific capacity of 1082 m Ah/g at 0.1 C.

关键词： Interlayer Shuttle effect Strong adsorption Porous carbon spheres Lithium-sulfur batteries

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Single-atom photo-catalysts:Synthesis,characteriz.tion,and applications

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第3期6卷 284-304页

作者： Siqi Li z.wang Kan He Wang Jiaxiao Bai Yunyi Liu song Liu Yingjie Wu College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Resource UtilizationNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin150040China School of Medicine and Health Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China

Single-atom catalysts(SACs)are gaining popularity in catalytic reactions due to their nearly 100%atomic utiliz.tion and defined active sites,which provide great convenience for studying the catalytic mechanism of ***,SACs still present challenges such as complex formation processes,low loading and easy agglomeration of ***,we systematically discuss the synthesis methods for SACs,including coprecipitation,impregnation,atomic layer deposition,pyrolysis and Anti-Ostwald ripening *** techniques for characteriz.ng single-atom catalysts(SACs)are described in *** utiliz.tion of individual atoms in various photocatalytic reactions and their mechanisms of action in different reactions are *** purpose of this review is to introduce single-atom synthesis methods,characteriz.tion techniques,specific catalytic action and their applications in the direction of photocatalysis,and to provide a reference for the industrializ.tion of photocatalytic single-atoms,which is currently impossible,in the hope of promoting further development of photocatalytic single-atoms.

关键词： Photocatalysis Single atom Catalytic mechanism

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How variable progenitor clones construct a largely invariant neocortex

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 129-144页

作者： z.ongfu Shen Jiajun Yang Qiangqiang z.ang Kuiyu Wang Xiaohui Lv Xiaolin Hu Jian Ma song-Hai Shi New Cornerstone Science Laboratory IDG/McG overn Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Department of Computer Sciences Tsinghua University College of Life Sciences Nankai University Chinese Institute for Brain Research

The neocortex contains a vast collection of diverse neurons organiz.d into distinct layers. While nearly all neocortical neurons are generated by radial glial progenitors(RGPs), it remains largely unclear how a complex yet organiz.d neocortex is constructed reliably and robustly. Here, we show that the division behavior and neuronal output of RGPs are highly constrained with patterned variabilities to support the reliable and robust construction of the mouse neocortex. The neurogenic process of RGPs can be well-approximated by a consistent Poisson-like process unfolding over time, producing deep to superficial layer neurons progressively. The exact neuronal outputs regarding layer occupation are variable; yet, this variability is constrained systematically to support all layer formation, largely reflecting the variable intermediate progenitor generation and RGP neurogenic entry and exit timing differences. Together, these results define the fundamental features of neocortical neurogenesis with a balanced reliability and variability for the construction of the complex neocortex.

关键词： neocortex radial glial progenitor intermediate progenitor neurogenesis clonal variability layer formation

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Coupled Cu doping and z.scheme heterojunction for synergistically enhanced tetracycline photodegradation

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5937-5948页

作者： Huidong Shen Chunming Yang song Hong Leiduan Hao Liang Xu Alex W.Robertson z.enyu Sun Country State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites College of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYan’an UniversityYan’an 716000China Department of Physics University of WarwickCoventry CV 47ALUK

Semiconductor-based photocatalysis by utiliz.ng solar energy for sustainable organic pollutant elimination has been a promising tactic to alleviate environmental ***,the development of robust and efficient photocatalysts to degrade organic pollutants still faces major challenges because of insufficient charge *** we design and fabricate a heterojunction consisting of copper,carbon-modified TiO_(2),and sulfur-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)nanosheets(i.e.,S-C_(3)N_(4)/Cu/C-TiO_(2)).The heterostructure affords a remarkable synergistic photocatalysis for tetracycline hydrochloride degradation,achieving an 82.6%removal efficiency within 30 min under visible light irradiation,about 15.4 and 7.3 times higher than that of S-C_(3)N_(4)and C-TiO_(2),*** superior performance is attributed to the synergy between Cu doping and the z.scheme heterojunction,which not only enhances the interfacial electric field effect,facilitating charge separation,but also boosts the redox *** charge carrier transfer between Cu/C-TiO_(2)and S-C_(3)N_(4)follows a z.scheme,as verified by trapping experiments,electron spin-resonance spectroscopy,and density functional theory ***,the tetracycline hydrochloride degradation pathways are enunciated by liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry *** work provides an effective approach for constructing high-performance photocatalysts that have potential in environmental remediation.

关键词： photocatalysis Cu doping z.scheme heterojunction electrons and holes separation tetracycline degradation

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