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Abortion, ectopic pregnancy and miscarriages in Sub Saharan Africa: Challenges of Rhesus isoimmunisation in Rhesus negative women

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013年第9期3卷 15-26页

作者： O. Erhabor z. isaac A. Yakubu T. C. Adias College of Health Technology Bayelsa State Nigeria Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Nigeria

The implementation of a program on routine antenatal anti-D prophylaxis (RAADP) in the developed world has led to a significant decline in the residual numbers of Rhesus negative women becoming sensitiz.d. However, a significant number of Rhesus D negative women in SSA are not fortunate because of lack of access to prophylactic immunoglobulin D and thus they continue to be affected. The management of Rhesus negative pregnancy in Sub-Saharan Africa is associated with several daunting challenges: absence of a policy on universal access to Rh D immunoglobulin, lack of fetomaternal testing facilities, unaffordability of prophylactic anti-D immunoglobulin, poor uptake of quality antenatal care, poor health infrastructure, sub optimal management of potentially sensitiz.ng events during pregnancy, shortage of qualified medical personnel, poor data management, high incidence of illegal abortion and quackery. There is a need for the formulation of necessary guidelines on Rhesus immunoprophylaxis in SSA. Health authorities need to implement evidence-based policy on universal access to anti-D immunoglobulin. There is also the need to optimiz. the knowledge of obstetricians on anti-D prophylaxis, implementation of the readily available and affordable Kleihauer fetomaternal haemorrhage testing for all women who experience a potentially sensitiz.ng event antenatally post 20 weeks gestation and postnatally. These factors can facilitate the effective management of Rh negative pregnancy in the region and reduce the risk of Rhesus D immuniz.tion and Rhesus D haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn.

关键词： Abortion Ectopic Pregnancy Miscarriages Sub Saharan Africa: Rhesus Isoimmunisation

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Combination of structural reliability and interval analysis

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2008年第1期24卷 61-67页

作者： z.iping Qiu Di Yang isaac Elishakoff Institute of Solid Mechanics Beihang University Beijing 100083 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca Raton FL 33431-0991 USA

In engineering applications, probabilistic reliability theory appears to be presently the most important method, however, in many cases precise probabilistic reliability theory cannot be considered as adequate and credible model of the real state of actual affairs. In this paper, we developed a hybrid of probabilistic and non-probabilistic reliability theory, which describes the structural uncertain parameters as interval variables when statistical data are found insufficient. By using the interval analysis, a new method for calculating the interval of the structural reliability as well as the reliability index is introduced in this paper, and the traditional probabilistic theory is incorporated with the interval analysis. Moreover, the new method preserves the useful part of the traditional probabilistic reliability theory, but removes the restriction of its strict requirement on data acquisition. Example is presented to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed theory.

关键词： Non-probabilistic Reliability Interval analysis Parameter estimation

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Design and Implementation of a Rehabilitation Upper-limb Exoskeleton Robot Controlled by Cognitive and Physical Interfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第5期19卷 1374-1391页

作者： Arturo Gonz.lez.Mendoz. Ivett Quinones‑Uriostegui Sergio Salaz.r‑Cruz.Alberto‑isaac Perez.Sanpablo Ricardo Lopez.Gutierrez.Rogelio Loz.no LAFMIA UMI Center for Research and AdvancedStudies of National Polytechnic InstituteAv.Instituto Politecnico Nacional No.250807360 Mexico CityMexico Motion Analysis Lab National Institute of Rehabilitation Luis Guillermo Ibarra IbarraCalz.Mexico Xochimilco No.28914389 Mexico CityMexico CONACYT-CINVESTAV Av.Instituto Politecnico Nacional 250807360 Mexico CityMexico UTC-CNRS UMR Sorbonne UniversitesUTC-CNRS UMR7253 HeudiasycCompiegneFrance

This paper presents an upper limb exoskeleton that allows cognitive(through electromyography signals)and physical user interaction(through load cells sensors)for passive and active exercises that can activate neuroplasticity in the rehabilitation process of people who suffer from a neurological *** the exoskeleton to be easily accepted by patients who suffer from a neurological injury,we used the ISO9241-210:2010 as a methodology design *** the first steps of the design process,design requirements were collected from previous usability tests and ***,as a second step,a technological solution is proposed,and as a third step,the system was evaluated through performance and user *** part of the technological solution and to allow patient participation during the rehabilitation process,we have proposed a hybrid admittance control whose input is load cell or electromyography *** hybrid admittance control is intended for active therapy exercises,is easily implemented,and does not need musculoskeletal modeling to ***,electromyography signals classification models and features were evaluated to identify the best settings for the cognitive human–robot interaction.

关键词： Human Robot interaction Hybrid admittance control Surface electromyography Upper-limb exoskeletal robot

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Prediction of Gravity Anomalies Over the South China and Philippine Seas from Multi-satellite Altimeter Sea Surface Heights

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2008年第3期11卷 174-179页

作者： isaac Dadz.e LI Jiancheng CHU Yonghai isaac Dadz.e Faculty of Civil and Geomatic Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana.

t Gravity anomalies on a2.5 ×2.5 arc-minute grid in a non-tidal system were derived over the South China and Philippine Seas from multi-satellite altimetry data. North and east components of deflections of the vertical were computed from altimeter-derived sea surface heights at crossover locations, and gridded onto a 2.5 × 2.5 arc-minute resolution grid. EGM96-derived components of deflections of the vertical and gravity anomalies gridded into 2.5 × 2.5 arc-minute resolutions were then used as reference global geopotential model quantities in a remove-restore procedure to implement the Inverse Vening Meinesz.formula via the 1D-FFT technique to predict the gravity anomalies over the South China and Philippine Seas from the gridded altimeter-derived components of deflections of the vertical. Statistical comparisons between the altimeter-derived and the shipboard gravity anomalies showed that there is a root-mean-square agreement of 5.7 mgals between them.

关键词： satellite altimetry sea surface heights deflections of the vertical gravity anomalies

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An intersectional gender analysis of familial and socio-cultural drivers of inequitable scientific career progression of researchers in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Global Health Research and Policy 2021年第1期6卷 180-195页

作者： Millicent L.Liani isaac K.Nyamongo Justin Pulford Rachel Tolhurst Department of International Public Health Liverpool School of Tropical MedicinePembroke PlaceLiverpool L35QAUK Faculty of Health and Life Sciences University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693BXUK Division of Research and Innovation The Cooperative University of KenyaNairobiKenya

Background:Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA)suffers from a dearth of concrete information on the causes of women’s under-representation in scientific research workforce particularly at higher levels compared with the wealth of information that exists in the global *** goal of this study was to illuminate familial and socio-cultural drivers that contribute to intersectional gender inequities in scientific career progression in SSA to inform strategies that could promote career equity for African scientific ***:This study was nested within the context of‘Developing Excellence in Leadership,Training and Science in Africa’(DELTAS Africa)—a health-based scientific research capacity strengthening *** adopted an exploratory qualitative cross-sectional study ***-depth interviews were conducted among 58(32 Female and 26 Male)trainees/research fellows at various career stages,affiliated to three purposively selected African Research *** interviews were conducted between May and December 2018 in *** data were analysed inductively based on emergent ***:The study participants were nationals of thirteen SSA *** female than male participants had young *** themes were *** illustrate women’s and men’s characterisation of the normative career pathway and progression requirements which calls for significant‘time’commitments(theme 1),and how social power relations of gender within the family and wider society shapes their participation in scientific research activities(theme 2).This culminates in researchers’’differential experiences of navigating between the‘two different lives’—family and career,and the resultant implications for their career progression and personal well-being(theme 3).Women researchers made different and conscious trade-offs for navigating the‘two different lives’by utilising various metaphors such as the‘biological clock and career clock’,the‘glass ball and rubber ball’,and t

关键词： Researchers’lived experiences Socio-cultural influences Family Gender equity Intersectional gender analysis Scientific career progression Sub-Saharan Africa Social power relations Research capacity strengthening

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Revealing the Invisible： A New Approach for Enhancing Industrial Safety, Reliability and Remaining Life Assessment

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 191-198页

作者： isaac Einav Boris Artemiev Sergey z.ukov STAR.IK Ltd (STAR International Consultant) Richmond Hill L4C 3Z6 Canada Department Design and Manufacture Electronic Equitment B BMSTU (Bauman Moscow State Technical University) Moscow 105005 Russia Ferrologica Open Joint Stock Company Saint-Petersburg 197342 Russia

Today＇s industry requires more reliable information on the current status of their hard assets; prognosis for continued usability of systems and better predictability of equipment life cycle maintenance. Therefore, an innovative technique for early detection of potential failure and condition monitoring is urgently required by many engineers. This document describes a novel approach to improve industrial equipment safety, reliability and life cycle management. A new field portable instrument called the ＂IMS （indicator of mechanical stresses）＂ utiliz.s magneto-anisotropic （＂cross＂） transducers to measure anisotropy of magnetic properties in ferromagnetic material. Mechanical stresses including residual stresses in Ferro-magnetic parts, are ＂not visible＂ to most traditional NDT （non-destructive testing） methods; for example, radiography and ultrasonic inspection. Stress build-up can be the first indicator that something is faulty with a structure. This can be the result of a manufacturing defect; or as assets age and fatigue, stress loads can become unevenly distributed throughout the metal. We outline the evaluation of IMS as a fast screening tool to provide structural condition or deterioration feedback in novel applications for pipelines, petrochemical refinery, cranes, and municipal infrastructure.

关键词： IMS mechanical stress concentration mechanical stress gradient stress detection and classification.

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Structural Evolution and Properties of Hot Rolled Steel Alloys

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characteriz.tion and Engineering 2012年第4期11卷 417-426页

作者： Emmanuel isaac Akpan Idoko Andrew Haruna Department of Materials and Production EngineeringAmbrose Alli University Ekpoma Edo State Nigeria

Microstructural evolution during hot rolling of mild steel (0.3%C) has been considered to determine its relationship with the mechanical properties. Strain, strain rate, temperature and z.ner Hollomon parameter were considered as structural parameters. Deformation parameters were collected industrially and the z.ner Hollomon parameter calculated from the formula;z.e exp(Q/RT). Microstructural features considered were grain siz., inclusions, distribution of phases and banding. The grain siz. was calculated using the ASTM grain siz. number and the fraction distribution of phases was determined using a 10×10 grid counting. Mechanical properties considered were ductility, tensile strength, hardness and yield strength determined by laboratory experiments. Grain siz. was found to be inversely related to the z.ner Hollomon parameter. Strength (Tensile, Yield and Fracture) were found to be inversely related to grain siz. but directly related to fraction distribution of phases. Banded structure and inclusions were found to be detrimental to strength and ductility.

关键词： Recrystalliz.tion Microstructure z.ner Hollomon Parameter Deformation Rolling mild steel

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臭腹腺蝗肠道中共存的淀粉和纤维素消化酶的纯化、动力学和抑制研究(英文)

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昆虫学报 2015年第7期58卷 739-749页

作者： Tolulope Felix ADEDIRAN isaac Olusanjo ADEWALE Department of Biochemistry Obafemi Awolowo University

【目的】本研究旨在了解臭腹腺蝗z.nocerus variegatus中碳水化合物的消化。【方法】依次通过CM-Sepharose CL-6B阳离子交换、QAE Sephadex A-50阴离子交换以及Sephadex G-100凝胶过滤,对臭腹腺蝗中肠的酶粗提取液(其中α-淀粉酶和纤维... 详细信息

【目的】本研究旨在了解臭腹腺蝗z.nocerus variegatus中碳水化合物的消化。【方法】依次通过CM-Sepharose CL-6B阳离子交换、QAE Sephadex A-50阴离子交换以及Sephadex G-100凝胶过滤,对臭腹腺蝗中肠的酶粗提取液(其中α-淀粉酶和纤维素酶的比活性分别为283±1.72 U/mg和17±0.83 U/mg)进行了纯化。最后通过层析将共存的酶分离成α-淀粉酶和纤维素酶。【结果】这两种酶都是单体,α-淀粉酶分子量为38 k Da,纤维素酶分子量为21 k Da。α-淀粉酶对淀粉的Km值为13.8±1.29 mg/m L,Vmax为3 883±52.25 U/mg pro;而纤维素酶对羧甲基纤维素底物的Km值为5.03±0.57 mg/m L,Vmax为433.00±5.24 U/mg pro。臭腹腺蝗α-淀粉酶能以不同的效率水解原淀粉,纤维素酶也能不同程度水解各种纤维材料。α-淀粉酶的水解活性在p H 6和40℃下最高,而纤维素酶的水解高活性在p H 9和45℃下最高。【结论】从番木瓜Carica papaya种子中分离到蛋白类抑制剂,发现它们是这两种酶的有效抑制剂,说明这些蛋白抑制剂(Cp AI和Cp CI)如果在害虫取食的作物上过量表达,则可能有利于害虫防治。尽管纤维类和淀粉类物质可能都显著提供该害虫的能量需求,但是动力学分析表明臭腹腺蝗更偏向于淀粉类食物。

关键词：臭腹腺蝗 α-淀粉酶纤维素酶消化酶纯化蛋白类抑制剂

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Spatial Pattern and Distribution of Crime in Suleja Lga, Niger State, Nigeria

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2023年第4期15卷 379-390页

作者： isaac Utenwojo Ocholi Paul Ojochenemi Abuh Ademu Samuel Aminu Musa Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Kogi State University Anyigba Nigeria

The study examines the Spatial Pattern and Distribution of Crime in Suleja LGA, Niger State, Nigeria. The study used GIS and statistical methods to analyse the pattern and distribution of crime incidence in the study area. The records of each crime incidence were geocoded. Microsoft Excel was used to collate and organise the crime entries before they were imported into the ArcGIS Pro 2.0 environment. A geodatabase was created where the spatial and aspatial data were encoded and geospatial analysis was performed. The study reveals that the crime distribution pattern is generally clustered with a Global Moran’s I index of 0.097, a z.score of 1.87, and a P-value z., Kwamba, Madalla, Suleja central, and Gaboda are the major crime hotspot z.nes at 90% confidence, as analysed using the Getis-Ord Gi* (Hot spot analysis) spatial statistics tool in ArcGIS Pro 2.0. The research therefore recommends that more effort be put into fighting crime, especially in areas where there are low-security formations, as they mostly have the highest record of crimes committed. Also, the patrol units should be equipped with GPS for better surveillance and real-time tracking of criminal activities.

关键词： Urban Security Spatial Pattern Crime GIS Hotspot Insecurity

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Two-step machine learning enables optimiz.d nanoparticle synthesis

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 498-507页

作者： Flore Mekki-Berrada z.kun Ren Tan Huang Wai Kuan Wong Fang z.eng Jiaxun Xie isaac Parker Siyu Tian Senthilnath Jayavelu z.ckaria Mahfoud Daniil Bash Kedar Hippalgaonkar Saif Khan Tonio Buonassisi Qianxiao Li Xiaonan Wang Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology SMART SingaporeSingapore Institute for Infocomm Research Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore Institute of Materials Research&Engineering SingaporeSingapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMAUSA Department of Mathematics National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Institute of High Performance Computing SingaporeSingapore

In materials science,the discovery of recipes that yield nanomaterials with defined optical properties is costly and *** this study,we present a two-step framework for a machine learning-driven high-throughput microfluidic platform to rapidly produce silver nanoparticles with the desired absorbance *** a Gaussian process-based Bayesian optimiz.tion(BO)with a deep neural network(DNN),the algorithmic framework is able to converge towards the target spectrum after sampling 120 *** the dataset is large enough to train the DNN with sufficient accuracy in the region of the target spectrum,the DNN is used to predict the colour palette accessible with the reaction *** remaining interpretable by humans,the proposed framework efficiently optimiz.s the nanomaterial synthesis and can extract fundamental knowledge of the relationship between chemical composition and optical properties,such as the role of each reactant on the shape and amplitude of the absorbance spectrum.

关键词： spectrum synthesis. synthesis

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