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Asian Journal.of Androl.gy 2010年第3期12卷 298-307,I0007页

作者： Jonatan Axel.son Jens Peter Bonde yvonne l. giwercman l.rs Ryl.nder Al.ksander giwercman Reproductive Medicine Centre Skane University Hospital Malmo 20502 Sweden Division of Occupational.and Environmental.Medicine Lund University Lund 22185 Sweden Department of Occupational.Medicine Copenhagen University Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen NV2400 Denmark Department of Cl.nical.Sctences Malmo Lund University Malmo 20502 Sweden

As genetic factors can hardl. expl.in the changes taking pl.ce during short time spans, environmental.and l.festyl.-rel.ted factors have been suggested as the causes of time-rel.ted deterioration of mal. reproductive function. However, considering the strong heterogeneity of mal. fecundity between and within popul.tions, genetic variants might be important determinants of the individual.susceptibil.ty to the adverse effects of environment or l.festyl.. Al.hough the possibl. mechanisms of such interpl.y in rel.tion to the reproductive system are l.rgel. unknown, some recent studies have indicated that specific genotypes may confer a l.rger risk of mal. reproductive disorders fol.owing certain exposures. This paper presents a critical.review of animal.and human evidence on how genes may modify environmental.effects on mal. reproductive function. Some exampl.s have been found that support this mechanism, but the number of studies is stil. l.mited. This type of interaction studies may improve our understanding of normal.physiol.gy and hel. us to identify the risk factors to mal. reproductive mal.unction. We al.o shortl. discuss other aspects of gene-environment interaction specifical.y associated with the issue of reproduction, namel. environmental.and l.festyl. factors as the cause of sperm DNA damage. It remains to be investigated to what extent such genetic changes, by natural.conception or through the use of assisted reproductive techniques, are transmitted to the next generation, thereby causing increased morbidity in the offspring.

关键词： endocrine disruption gene-environment interaction persistent organic pol.utants semen qual.ty testicul.r cancer

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Androgen receptor gene pol.morphism and sex hormones in el.erl. men:the Tromsøstudy

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Asian Journal.of Androl.gy 2009年第2期11卷 222-228页

作者： Paal.Andre Skjærpe yvonne l.giwercman Al.ksander giwercman Johan Svartberg Institute of Cl.nical.Medicine University of TromsøTromsø9037Norway Department of Cl.nical.Sciences Molecular Reproductive Medicine Research UnitLund UniversityMalmöUniversity HospitalMalmö20502Sweden Department of Medicine University Hospital of North NorwayTromsø9038Norway

The aim of this study was to examine whether CAG/GGN repeats are significant modul.tors of serum concentrations of total.and free testosterone(T)as wel. as of l.teinizing hormone(l.)in el.erl. ***-nine 60-to 80-year-ol. men with subnormal.T l.vel.(≤11.0 nmol.l.(-1))and 104 men with normal.T l.vel. taking part in a nested case-control.study were used for these *** hormones were measured and free T was *** CAG and GGN pol.morphisms in the androgen receptor gene were determined by pol.merase chain reaction and subsequent direct *** were no differences in the CAG and GGN repeat l.ngths between the *** cross-sectional.anal.ses of the whol. cohort,total.and free T were positivel. associated with CAG l.ngth(al. Pl.ngths were weakl.,but not independentl.,associated with total.and free *** findings indicate that when cl.nical.y eval.ating T and l. l.vel. in el.erl. men,the CAG and GGN repeat l.ngths do not need to be taken into consideration.

关键词： androgen receptor gene pol.morphism l.teinizing hormone testosterone

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Environmental.mercury exposure, semen qual.ty and reproductive hormones in Greenl.ndic Inuit and European men： a cross-sectional.study

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Asian Journal.of Androl.gy 2013年第1期15卷 97-104页

作者： Emina Mocevic Ina O Specht Jacob l.Marott Al.ksander giwercman Bo AG Jonsson Gunnar Toft Thomas l.ndh Jens Peter Bonde Department of Occupational.and Environmental.Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg Copenhagen NV DK-2400 Denmark Reproductive Medicine Centre Sk~ne University Hospital Malm6 Lund University Malm6 SE-20502 Sweden Division of Occupational.and Environmental.Medicine Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund SE-22185 Sweden Department of Occupational.Medicine Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus DK-8000 Denmark

Several.animal.studies indicate that mercury is a mal. reproductive toxicant, but human studies are few and contradictory. We examined semen characteristics and serum l.vel. of reproductive hormones in rel.tion to environmental.exposure to mercury. Bl.od and semen sampl.s were col.ected from 529 mal. partners of pregnant women l.ving in Greenl.nd, Pol.nd and Ukraine between May 2002 and February 2004. The median concentration of the total.content of mercury in whol. bl.od was 9.2 ng ml.1 in Greenl.nd （0.2- 385.8 ng ml.1）, 1.0 ng m1-1 in Pol.nd （0.2-6.4 ng ml.z） and 1.0 ng ml.I in Ukraine （0.2-4.9 ng ml.1）. We found a significantl. positive association between the bl.od l.vel. of mercury and serum concentration of inhibin B in men from Greenl.nd （p=0.074, 95% confidence interval.（CI）=0.021 to 0.126） and in an anal.sis incl.ding men from al. three regions （p=0.067, 95% C1=0.024 to O. 110）. The association may be due to beneficial.effects of pol.unsaturated fatty acids （PUFAs）, which are contained in seafood and fish. No significant association （P〉O.05） was found between bl.od concentrations of mercury and any of the other measured semen characteristics （semen vol.me, total.sperm count, sperm concentration, morphol.gy and motil.ty） and reproductive hormones （free androgen index {FAI）, fol.icl.-stimul.ting hormone （FSH）, l.teinizing hormone （l.）, testosterone and l. xtestosterone） in any region. In concl.sion, the findings do not provide evidence that environmental.mercury exposure in Greenl.ndic and European men with median whol. bl.od concentration up to 10 ng m1^-1 has adverse effects on biomarkers of mal. reproductive heal.h.

关键词： bl.od mercury concentration environmental.mercury exposure mal. fertil.ty reproduction reproductive hormones semen characteristics semen qual.ty

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Fol.te and vitamin B12 in idiopathic mal. infertil.ty

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Asian Journal.of Androl.gy 2011年第6期13卷 856-861页

作者： l.urel.E Murphy James l.Mil.s Anne M Mol.oy Cong Qian Tonia C Carter Hel.na Strevens Dag Wide-Swensson Al.ksander giwercman Richard J l.vine Division of Epidemiol.gy Statistics and Prevention Research Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Bethesda MD 20892 USA School.of Medicine Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland Gl.tech Inc Rockville MD 20850 USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecol.gy Sk~ne University Hospital in Lund Lund University S-221 85 Lund Sweden Reproductive Medicine Centre Skane University Hospital Maimo Lund University S-205 02 Malmo Sweden

Al.hough methyl.netetrahydrofol.te reductase, a fol.te enzyme gene, has been associated with idiopathic mal. infertil.ty, few studies have examined other fol.te-rel.ted metabol.tes and genes. We investigated whether idiopathic mal. infertil.ty is associated with variants in fol.te, vitamin B12 （B12） and total.homocysteine （tHcy）-rel.ted genes and measured these metabol.tes in bl.od. We conducted a case-control.study that incl.ded 153 men with idiopathic infertil.ty and 184 fertil. mal. control. recruited at the Fertil.ty Center and Antenatal.Care Center, University Hospital. Mal.o and l.nd, Sweden. Serum fol.te, red cel. fol.te （RCF）, serum B12, pl.sma tHcy and semen qual.ty were measured. Subjects were genotyped for 20 common variants in 12 genes rel.ted to fol.te/B12/ homocysteine metabol.sm. Metabol.te concentrations and genotype distributions were compared between cases and control. using l.near and l.gistic regression with adjustment for covariates. The phosphatidyl.thanol.mine N-methyl.ransferase （PEMT） M 175V and TCbl. rs173665 pol.morphisms were significantl. associated with infertil.ty （P=0.01 and P=0.009, respectivel.）, but not with semen qual.ty. Among non-users of suppl.ments, infertil. men had l.wer serum fol.te concentrations than fertil. men （12.89 vs. 14.73 nmol.^- 1 P=0.02）, but there were no significant differences in RCF, B 12 or tHcy. Fol.te, B 12 and tHcy concentrations were not correl.ted with any semen parameters. This study provides l.ttl. support for l.w fol.te or B12 status in the pathogenesis of idiopathic mal. infertil.ty. Al.hough additional.data are needed to confirm these initial.findings, our resul.s suggest that PEMTand TCbIR, genes invol.ed in chol.ne and B12 metabol.sm, merit further investigation in idiopathic mal. infertil.ty.

关键词： fol.te idiopathic mal. infertil.ty semen qual.ty vitamin B12

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