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Daily CO_(2) Emission Reduction Indicates the Control of Activities to Contain COVID-19 in China

The Innovation 2020年第3期1卷 24-36页

作者： Rong Wang Yuankang Xiong Xiaofan Xing Ruipu Yang Jiarong Li Yijing Wang Junji Cao yves balkanski Josep Peñuelas Philippe Ciais Didier Hauglustaine Jordi Sardans Jianmin Chen Jianmin Ma Tang Xu Haidong Kan Yan Zhang Tomohiro Oda Lidia Morawska Renhe Zhang Shu Tao Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438P.R.China Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438P.R.China Big Data Institute for Carbon Emission and Environmental Pollution Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438P.R.China Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710075P.R.China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement CEA CNRS UVSQ91190 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès08193 CataloniaSpain CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UABBellaterra08193 CataloniaSpain College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesPeking University100871 BeijingP.R.China School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology AssessmentFudan UniversityShanghai 200438P.R.China Universities Space Research Association ColumbiaMDUSA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Queensland University of Technology 2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092P.R.China

Lockdown measures are essential to containing the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),but they will slow down economic growth by reducing industrial and commercial ***,the benefits of activity control from containing the pandemic have not been examined and *** we use daily carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission reduction in China estimated from statistical data for energy consumption and satellite data for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))measured by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument(OMI)as an indicator for reduced activities consecutive to a *** perform a correlation analysis to show that a 1%day-1 decrease in the rate of COVID-19 cases is associated with a reduction in daily CO_(2) emissions of 0.22%±0.02%using statistical data for energy consumption relative to emissions without COVID-19,or 0.20%±0.02%using satellite data for atmospheric column NO_(2).We estimate that swift action in China is effective in limiting the number of COVID-19 cases<100,000 with a reduction in CO_(2) emissions of up to 23%by the end of February 2020,whereas a 1-week delay would have required greater containment and a doubling of the emission reduction to meet the same *** analyzing the costs of health care and fatalities,we find that the benefits on public health due to reduced activities in China are 10-fold larger than the loss of gross domestic *** findings suggest an unprecedentedly high cost of maintaining activities and CO_(2) emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic and stress substantial benefits of containment in public health by taking early actions to reduce activities during the outbreak of COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 PANDEMIC CARBON EMISSION ENERGY CONSUMPTION SOCIAL CARBON COST CONTAINMENT EFFICACY PUBLIC HEALTH CORRELATION ANALYSIS INTEGRATED MODEL

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