Lockdown measures are essential to containing the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),but they will slow down economic growth by reducing industrial and commercial ***,the benefits of activity control from co...
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Lockdown measures are essential to containing the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),but they will slow down economic growth by reducing industrial and commercial ***,the benefits of activity control from containing the pandemic have not been examined and *** we use daily carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission reduction in China estimated from statistical data for energy consumption and satellite data for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))measured by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument(OMI)as an indicator for reduced activities consecutive to a *** perform a correlation analysis to show that a 1%day-1 decrease in the rate of COVID-19 cases is associated with a reduction in daily CO_(2) emissions of 0.22%±0.02%using statistical data for energy consumption relative to emissions without COVID-19,or 0.20%±0.02%using satellite data for atmospheric column NO_(2).We estimate that swift action in China is effective in limiting the number of COVID-19 cases<100,000 with a reduction in CO_(2) emissions of up to 23%by the end of February 2020,whereas a 1-week delay would have required greater containment and a doubling of the emission reduction to meet the same *** analyzing the costs of health care and fatalities,we find that the benefits on public health due to reduced activities in China are 10-fold larger than the loss of gross domestic *** findings suggest an unprecedentedly high cost of maintaining activities and CO_(2) emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic and stress substantial benefits of containment in public health by taking early actions to reduce activities during the outbreak of COVID-19.
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