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Comprehensive understanding of the thriving electrocatalytic nitrate/nitrite reduction to ammonia under ambient conditions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 459-483页

作者： Xinying Zhao yuzhuo Jiang Mengfan wang Yunfei Huan Qiyang Cheng Yanzheng He Tao Qian Chenglin Yan Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology College of EnergySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006JiangsuChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong 226019JiangsuChina School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164JiangsuChina

Ammonia(NH_(3))is a multifunctional compound that is an important feedstock for the agricultural and pharmaceutical industries and attractive energy storage medium.At present,NH_(3)synthesis is highly dependent on the conventional Haber–Bosch process that operates under harsh conditions,which consumes large quantities of fossil fuels and releases a large amount of carbon dioxide.As an alternative,electrosynthesis is a prospective method for producing NH_(3)under normal temperature and pressure conditions.Although electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia has attracted considerable attentions,the low solubility of N_(2)and high N≡N cracking energy render the achievements of high NH_(3) yield rate and Faradaic efficiency difficult.Nitrate and nitrite(NO_(x)^(-))are common N-containing pollutants.Due to their high solubilities and low dissociation energy of N=O,NO_(x)^(-)−are ideal raw materials for NH_(3) production.Therefore,electrocatalytic NO_(x)^(-)−reduction to NH_(3)(eNO_(x)RR)is a prospective strategy to simultaneously realise environmental protection and NH_(3) synthesis.This review offers a comprehensive understanding of the thriving eNO_(x)RR under ambient conditions.At first,the popular theory and mechanism of eNO_(x)RR and a summary of the measurement system and evaluation criteria are introduced.Thereafter,various strategies for developing NO_(x)−reduction catalysts are systematically presented and discussed.Finally,the challenges and possible prospects of electrocatalytic NO_(x)^(-1) reduction are outlined to facilitate energy-saving and environmentally friendly large-scale synthesis of NH_(3) in the future.

关键词： Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction Electrocatalytic nitrite reduction Ammonia synthesis Pollutant removal Electrosynthesis

Comprehensive experimental database and analysis of circular concrete-filled double-skin tube stub columns:A review

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第12期17卷 1830-1848页

作者： Hongyuan TANG Hongfei TAN Sisi GE Jieyu QIN yuzhuo wang Institute of Structural Engineering Xihua UniversityChengdu 610039China School of Civil Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China

A concrete-filled double-skin tube(CFDST)is a new type of composite material.Experimental studies have been conducted to investigate the axial compression behavior of CFDST members for approximately 30 years.This paper provides a review of the status of axial compression bearing capacity tests conducted on circular CFDST stub columns as well as a summary of test data for 165 circular CFDST stub columns reported in 22 papers.A relatively complete high-quality test database is established.Based on this database,the main factors affecting the axial compression bearing capacity of the CFDST stub columns are analyzed.The prediction accuracy and robustness of an existing theoretical prediction model,which is a data-driven model,are evaluated,and a numerical simulation of the axial compression bearing capacity of the CFDST stub columns is conducted.In addition,the differences between the basic theory and experimental results of various models are compared,and the possible sources of prediction errors are analyzed.The current model for predicting the axial compression capacity of CFDST stub columns cannot simultaneously satisfy the requirements of high accuracy and confidence,and the stress independency assumption introduced in the test is not valid.The main error source in the theoretical prediction model is the non-simultaneous consideration of the effects of the void ratio and inner steel tube.

关键词： CFDST bearing capacity model confined concrete model test database

The role of mRNA splicing in prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第4期16卷 515-521页

作者： Anna V Lapuk Stanislav V Volik yuzhuo wang Colin C Collins Vancouver Prostate CentreUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada. Department of Experimental Therapeutics BC Cancer AgencyUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada. Department of Urologic Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada.

Alternative splicing （AS） is a crucial step in gene expression. It is subject to intricate regulation, and its deregulation in cancer can lead to a wide array of neoplastic phenotypes. A large body of evidence implicates splice isoforms in most if not all hallmarks of cancer, including growth, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, and metabolism. AS has important clinical implications since it can be manipulated therapeutically to treat cancer and represents a mechanism of resistance to therapy. In prostate cancer （PCa） AS also plays a prominent role and this review will summarize the current knowledge of alternatively spliced genes with important functional consequences. We will highlight accumulating evidence on AS of the components of the two critical pathways in PCa： androgen receptor （AR） and phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）. These observations together with data on dysregulation of splice factors in PCa suggest that AR and PI3K pathways may be interconnected with previously unappreciated splicing regulatory networks. In addition, we will discuss several lines of evidence implicating splicing regulation in the development of the castration resistance.

关键词： alternative splicing prostate cancer androgen receptor PI3K pathway CRPC neuroendocrine transdifferentiation REST repressor complex

Chromoplexy： a new paradigm in genome remodeling and evolution

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第6期15卷 711-712页

作者： Kendric wang yuzhuo wang Colin C Collins Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6H 3Z6 Canada Department of Experimental Therapeutics BC Cancer Agency Vancouver BC V5Z 1L3 Canada

Early massively-parallel sequencing stu-dies have revealed the mutational land-scape of protein-coding genes in prostate cancer. However, most of these studies have not explored the extensive influence of geno- mic rearrangement in prostate cancer. In a recent Cell article, Baca and colleagues used whole-genome sequencing to tackle this issue, comprehensively surveying the abun-dance of genomic rearrangements present in a large cohort of 57 prostate cancers. They characterized a wide-spread phenomenon termed ＇chromoplexy＇, which may drive can-cer evolution through the phenomena of punctuated equilibrium by concurrently dys-regulating numerous cancer genes across multiple chromosomes. While the causes of this event still require elucidation, this defin-ing discovery undoubtedly offers an impor- tant glimpse into the evolutionary process of prostate cancer.

关键词： PROSTATE-CANCER REARRANGEMENTS PROGRESSION BREAKS

The diverse heterogeneity of molecular alterations in prostate cancer identified through next-generation sequencing

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第3期15卷 301-308页

作者： Alexander W Wyatt Fan Mo yuzhuo wang Colin C Collins Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6H 3Z6 Canada Department of Experimental Therapeutics BC Cancer Agency Vancouver BC VSZ 1L3 Canada

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of global cancer-related death but attempts to improve diagnoses and develop novel therapies have been confounded by significant patient heterogeneity. In recent years, the application of next-generation sequencing to hundreds of prostate tumours has defined novel molecular subtypes and characterized extensive genomic aberration underlying disease initiation and progression. It is now clear that the heterogeneity observed in the clinic is underpinned by a molecular landscape rife with complexity, where genomic rearrangements and rare mutations combine to amplify transcriptomic diversity. This review dissects our current understanding of prostate cancer ＇omics＇, including the sentinel role of copy number variation, the growing spectrum of oncogenic fusion genes, the potential influence of chromothripsis, and breakthroughs in defining mutation-associated subtypes. Increasing evidence suggests that genomic lesions frequently converge on specific cellular functions and signalling pathways, yet recurrent gene aberration appears rare. Therefore, it is critical that we continue to define individual tumour genomes, especially in the context of their expressed transcriptome. Only through improved characterisation of tumour to tumour variability can we advance to an age of precision therapy and personalized oncology.

关键词： cancer sequencing copy number fusion gene genome genome rearrangement personalized oncology prostate cancer transcriptome

Prostate cancer metastasis-driving genes： hurdles and potential approaches in their identification

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第4期16卷 545-548页

作者： Yan Ting Chiang Peter W Gout Colin C Collins yuzhuo wang The Vancouver Prostate Centre Vancouver General Hospital and Department of Urologic Sciences the University of British Columbia Department of Experimental Therapeutics British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver British Columbia Canada.

Metastatic prostate cancer is currently incurable. Metastasis is thoughtto result from changes in the expression of specific metastasis-driving genes in nonmetastatic prostate cancer tissue, leading to a cascade of activated downstream genes that set the metastatic process in motion. Such genes could potentially serve as effective therapeutic targets for improved management of the disease. They could be identified by comparative analysis of gene expression profiles of patient-derived metastatic and nonmetastatic prostate cancer tissues to pinpoint genes showing altered expression,

关键词： TRANSCRIPTIONAL NETWORK SELECTION BIOLOGY MODELS MOUSE

Climate change threats to protected plants of China: an evaluation based on species distribution modeling

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第34期59卷 4652-4659页

作者： Yinbo Zhang yuzhuo wang Minggang Zhang Keping Ma College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Shanxi University Institute of Loess Plateau Shanxi University State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences

Climate change poses major new challenges to biodiversity conservation. Distribution ranges of species have been proven to be affected by climate anomalies.Detecting the extent of protected species response to climate change can help formulate flexible conservation strategies to overcome the changing climate. Using species distribution modeling and high resolution climate data, we simulated current distribution patterns of 233 protected plants in China. Those patterns were then projected into future suitable habitats for each species under nine climate change scenarios, with no migration or full migration hypotheses. Under the most extreme climate change scenario(CGCM-B2a), we evaluated species extinction risks.Sixteen percent of protected plants are expected to lose more than 30 % of their current ranges. By calculating areal shifts, hotspots for emigrants, immigrants, and persistent species were identified under climate change.Flexible conservation strategies were addressed for thoseregions. Those strategies strongly depend on the migration types of species and sensitivity of the hotspots to changing climate. In hotspots for emigrants, the main conservation strategy is ex situ protection; protected species from these regions should be stored in seed banks or botanical gardens. For hotspots of immigrants, enough space should be maintained for new species, and some measures are necessary to assist dispersal. For hotspots of persistent species,more natural reserves are needed. We highlight related fields that can help conserve protected species in the future,such as conserving the soil seed bank and understanding of the effects of migration ability and interactions between protected species.

关键词：气候变化物种分布保护植物建模评估中国生物多样性保护土壤种子库

Polygenic risk scores:the future of cancer risk prediction,screening,and precision prevention

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Medical Review 2021年第2期1卷 129-149页

作者： yuzhuo wang Meng Zhu Hongxia Ma Hongbing Shen Department of Epidemiology Center for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166JiangsuChina Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166JiangsuChina Research Units of Cohort Study on Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100010 Department of Medical Informatics School of Biomedical Engineering and InformaticsNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina

Genome-wide association studies(GWASs)have shown that the genetic architecture of cancers are highly polygenic and enabled researchers to identify genetic risk loci for cancers.The genetic variants associated with a cancer can be combined into a polygenic risk score(PRS),which captures part of an individual’s genetic susceptibility to cancer.Recently,PRSs have been widely used in cancer risk prediction and are shown to be capable of identifying groups of individuals who could benefit from the knowledge of their probabilistic susceptibility to cancer,which leads to an increased interest in understanding the potential utility of PRSs that might further refine the assessment and management of cancer risk.In this context,we provide an overview of the major discoveries from cancer GWASs.We then review the methodologies used for PRS construction,and describe steps for the development and evaluation of risk prediction models that include PRS and/or conventional risk factors.Potential utility of PRSs in cancer risk prediction,screening,and precision prevention are illustrated.Challenges and practical considerations relevant to the implementation of PRSs in health care settings are discussed.

关键词： cancer screening genome-wide association study(GWAS) polygenic risk score(PRS) precision prevention risk prediction model.

FOB卖方权利保护的运输法路径选择——《海商法》实际托运人的制度设计

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中国海商法研究 2024年第2期35卷 3-14页

作者：司玉琢吴煦大连海事大学法学院辽宁大连116026

中国作为贸易大国,FOB贸易占80%以上的份额,为了保护FOB贸易中卖方的权利,国际立法采取的路径有二:一是在贸易法中规定卖方的中途停运权,二是在运输法中规定卖方的控制权。然而,这两种路径都因为贸易法和运输法规定的割裂或冲突而未能... 详细信息

中国作为贸易大国,FOB贸易占80%以上的份额,为了保护FOB贸易中卖方的权利,国际立法采取的路径有二:一是在贸易法中规定卖方的中途停运权,二是在运输法中规定卖方的控制权。然而,这两种路径都因为贸易法和运输法规定的割裂或冲突而未能真正奏效。通过分析中途停运权和控制权的优缺点,可以发现FOB卖方并非运输合同的当事人,要么受制于合同相对性而无法顺利地行使中途停运权,要么因不持有可转让单证而不享有货物的控制权。在上述两种情形下,FOB卖方均难以在未收到货款时通过控制货物来保障自己的权利。基于此,提出实际托运人的权利保护路径应该是授予FOB卖方实际托运人的法律地位,使其有权请求承运人向其签发提单,并通过持有提单而享有货物的控制权(即《汉堡规则》+《鹿特丹规则》模式),实施对货物的有效控制,有效保护未收到货款的FOB卖方的权利。

关键词：船上交货实际托运人提单中途停运权控制权