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Minerals in edible insects:a review of content and potential for sustainable sourcing

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 65-74页

作者： Mingxing Lu Chenxu zhu Sergiy Smetana Ming Zhao Haibo Zhang Fang Zhang yuzhou Du College of Plant Protection&Institute of Applied Entomology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China German Institute of Food Technologies(DIL e.V.) Quakenbrück D-49610Germany Jiangsu Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station Nanjing 210036China Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

In response to the rapid increase in world population and subsequent demands for food,edible insects represent an alternative food source for humans that is rich in proteins,amino acids and *** is a tradition in many countries including China and Thailand,and edible insects have attracted a lot of attention in Western World due to their suitable nutrient composition,high mineral content(e.g.,Fe,Zn,Ca,Mg)and potential use as a supplement in human *** this study,we surveyed mineral content in seven insect orders and 67 species of mass produced and wild-harvested edible *** total content of essential elements in edible insects was very high in Tenebrio molitor,Bombyx mori,and Zonocerus *** heavy metal content(summarized for eight species)was below the maximum limit allowed for safe *** supply of minerals derived from insect biomass is complicated due to the high variations of mineral content in insects and the potential of its change due to processing.

关键词： Edible insects Minerals Nutrition Food safety Sustainability

Role of biochar in raising blue carbon stock capacity of salt marshes

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 19-22页

作者： yuzhou HUANG Xi XIAO Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies of the Ministry of Natural Resources of China Shanghai 201306China Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan 316021China Ocean Academy Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-security of Ministry of Water Resources College of Environmental and Resources SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Salt marshes are an important blue carbon ecosystem, with surprisingly fast carbon accumulation rates that are 40 times higher than those of terrestrial forests. In recent decades, salt marshes have suffered great degradation and loss all over the world. The idea to enhance carbon stock in salt marshes(so-called blue carbon) using biochar (so-called black carbon) has recently been proposed. Although experiments and observations remain limited, significant enhancements in soil organic carbon and plant growth have been documented in most case studies. However, due to the limited number of observations and their relatively short time window ranging from months to less than one year, there still exists a knowledge gap regarding the process, mechanism, and effect of biochar in enhancing carbon stock in salt marshes. Future research is urgently needed in the following perspectives:1) exploring the relationship between carbon stock enhancement efficiency and biochar properties, 2) optimizing the physical and chemical properties of biochar to boost its efficiency, and 3)studying the in-situ responses of complex carbon pools to biochar addition, especially under tidal conditions and over a longer period of time.

关键词： soil stock char

In-situ construction of PDOL electrolyte with dual-reinforced stable interface for high-voltage lithium metal batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1664-1671页

作者： Yingkang Wu yuzhou Bai Wujie Dong Xue Wang Wenqin Ma Fuqiang Huang State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Physical Science and Technology Shanghai Tech UniversityShanghai 201210China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China

In-situ polymerized electrolytes significantly enhance the interfacial compatibility of lithium metal batteries(LMBs). Typically,in-situ polymerized 1,3-dioxolane(PDOL) exhibits low interfacial resistance, yet still suffers from low ionic conductivity and a narrow electrochemical stability window(ESW). Here, an ultra-stable PDOL-based polymer electrolyte is developed by incorporating plasticizers of tetramethylene sulfone(TMS) and fluorinated ethylene carbonate(FEC) into the 3D cross-linked network, achieving a significant enhancement in the transport capacity and efficiency of Li-ion. The ionic conductivity reaches3.63×10^(-4)S cm^(-1)even at room temperature, and the transference number(tLi^(+)) is even higher at 0.85. Furthermore, the ESW of this electrolyte can be increased to 4.5 V with the addition of TMS, which forms a thin and robust antioxidant cathode-electrolyte interface(CEI) on the surface of high-voltage LiCoO_(2). FEC generates an inorganic-rich solid-electrolyte interface(SEI) on the Li anode, which effectively inhibits the growth of lithium dendrites. Benefiting from the aforementioned advantages, the highvoltage lithium metal battery demonstrates outstanding long-cycle stability, with 93.2% capacity retention after 200 cycles. This work offers a straightforward and accessible method for the practical implementation of high energy density in-situ polymerized solid-state LMBs.

关键词： solid polymer electrolyte in-situ polymerization PDOL high-voltage LMBs

Ribonucleotide reductase M2 (RRM2): Regulation, function and targeting strategy in human cancer

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 218-233页

作者： Zanwen Zuo Zerong Zhou yuzhou Chang Yan Liu Yuping Shen Qizhang Li Lei Zhang Innovative Drug R&D Center College of Life SciencesHuaibei Normal UniversityHuaibeiAnhui 235000China National"111"Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering(Ministry of Education)Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyCooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation(Ministry of Education&Hubei Province)and School of Food and Biological EngineeringHubei University of TechnologyWuhanHubei 430068China Department of Biomedical Informatics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA School of Agriculture and Biology and Engineering Research Center of Cell&Therapeutic AntibodyMinistry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Hunan University of Science and EngineeringYongzhouHunan425199China Department of Pharmaceutical Botany School of PharmacyNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China

Ribonucleotide reductase M2(RRM2)is a small subunit in ribonucleotide reduc-tases,which participate in nucleotide metabolism and catalyze the conversion of nucleotides to deoxynucleotides,maintaining the dNTP pools for DNA biosynthesis,repair,and ***2 performs a critical role in the malignant biological behaviors of *** structure,regulation,and function of RRM2 and its inhibitors were ***2 gene can produce two transcripts encoding the same ***2 expression is regulated at multiple levels during the processes from transcription to ***,this gene is associated with resistance,regulated cell death,and tumor *** order to develop and design inhibitors of RRM2,appropriate strategies can be adopted based on different ***,a greater appreciation of the characteristics of RRM2 is a benefit for understanding tumorigenesis,resistance in cancer,and tumor ***,RRM2-targeted therapy will be more attention in future therapeutic approaches for enhancement of treatment effects and amelioration of the dismal prognosis.

关键词： Function Inhibition Regulation Resistance RRM2

Divergence of trafficking and polarization mechanisms for PIN auxin transporters during land plant evolution

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 116-129页

作者： Han Tang Kuan-Ju Lu yuzhou Zhang You-Liang Cheng Shih-Long Tu Jiri Friml Institute of Science and Technology Austria(ISTA) Am Campus 13400 KlosterneuburgAustria Graduate Institute of Biotechnology National Chung Hsing UniversityNo.145Xingda Rd.South Dist.Taichung 40227TaiwanR.O.C College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F UniversityShaanxiYanglingChina Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology Academia Sinica128 Sec.2Academia RdNankangTaipei 11529TaiwanR.O.C Present address:Graduate Institute of Biochemistry National Chung Hsing UniversityNo.145Xingda Rd.South Dist.Taichung 40227TaiwanR.O.C

The phytohormone auxin,and its directional transport through tissues,plays a fundamental role in the development of higher *** polar auxin transport predominantly relies on PIN-FORMED(PIN)auxin ***,PIN polarization is crucial for development,but its evolution during the rise of morpho-logical complexity in land plants remains ***,we performed a cross-species investigation by observing the trafficking and localization of endogenous and exogenous PINs in two bryophytes,Physco-mitrium patens and Marchantia polymorpha,and in theflowering plant Arabidopsis *** confirmed that the GFP fusion did not compromise the auxin export function of all examined PINs by using a radioac-tive auxin export assay and by observing the phenotypic changes in transgenic *** PINs polarize tofilamentous apices,while exogenous Arabidopsis PINs distribute symmetrically on the membrane in both *** the Arabidopsis root epidermis,bryophytic PINs have no defined *** interference revealed a strong cytoskeletal dependence of bryophytic but not Arabidopsis PIN *** divergence of PIN polarization and trafficking is also observed within the bryophyte clade and between tissues of individual *** results collectively reveal the divergence of PIN traf-ficking and polarity mechanisms throughout land plant evolution and the co-evolution of PIN sequence-based and cell-based polarity mechanisms.

关键词： Arabidopsis evolution Marchantia Physcomitrium PINs polarization protein trafficking

Interplay between the atomic structures and superconductivity of two-monolayer Pb films

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第1期67卷 90-98页

作者： Kun Xie Ze Huang Pengju Li Yumin Xia Desheng Cai Yitong Gu yuzhou Liu Fangliang Cai Runxiao Zhang Haohao Shi Ping Cui Shengyong Qin International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials(ICQD) University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics Department of PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

Superconductors with reduced dimensionality have been widely explored for their exotic superconducting ***,at the two-dimensional limit,two-monolayer Pb films with two types of structures provide an ideal platform to unveil the underlying superconducting mechanism[Science 324,1314(2009)].Here,by combining scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)with the first-principle calculations,we successfully identify that these two types have different atomic lattice structures with varying stacking phases,which further enables us to calculate the phonon spectrum and electron phonon coupling strength of each *** theoretical calculations are in good agreement with tunneling spectroscopy measurements of the superconducting transition temperatures(T_(c)),which established a correlation between atomic structures and ***,it was observed that the higher T_(c)of these two types also possess higher out-of-plane upper critical magnetic fields(Hc2).These findings will provide important new insights into two-dimensional superconductivity at the atomic level.

关键词： 2 ML Pb films superconductivity atomic structure scanning tunneling microscopy first-principle calculations

基于光热反射技术的耐事故核燃料导热性质研究

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核动力工程 2024年第S1期45卷 96-102页

作者：王宇舟张强马显锋朱斐廖京京中山大学中法核工程与技术学院广东珠海519082 中国核动力研究设计院成都610213

为改善新型耐事故核燃料的导热性能,提高导热性能测试方法的检测效率和测试精度,本文介绍了具有高空间分辨率和高测试频率的光热反射技术,阐述了此类技术的基本原理、实验装置和测试方法,重点介绍了针对核燃料研究所发展的空间域光热反... 详细信息

为改善新型耐事故核燃料的导热性能,提高导热性能测试方法的检测效率和测试精度,本文介绍了具有高空间分辨率和高测试频率的光热反射技术,阐述了此类技术的基本原理、实验装置和测试方法,重点介绍了针对核燃料研究所发展的空间域光热反射技术。以离子辐照样品和包覆核燃料涂层为例,介绍了空间域光热反射技术在原位测试领域的应用场景。针对离子辐照样品的不均匀损伤分布,开发了多层传热模型用于更准确地表征材料导热性质,采用该技术获得了UO_(2)燃料热导率随着离子注入剂量的定量衰减规律;准确表征了包覆核燃料微球各涂层在高温下的热输运性质,结合微结构研究揭示了缺陷相对于热解炭涂层热导率的影响。光热反射技术为探究辐照损伤和结构缺陷对于核燃料热量传输的作用机制提供了有力工具,为进一步改进燃料性能、开发高精度的燃料仿真模型提供了参考依据。

关键词：耐事故核燃料导热性质光热反射技术

CRAFT-ICRF低电平控制系统的设计和实现

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核电子学与探测技术 2024年第1期44卷 28-35页

作者：张杨毛玉周朱光辉中国科学技术大学合肥230026 中国科学院合肥物质研究院等离子体物理研究所合肥230031

在聚变堆主机关键系统综合研究设施(CRAFT)的实验中,为了稳定控制射频功率和满足复杂的物理实验需求,设计了基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)芯片的低电平控制系统。通过上位机输入射频信号功率参数,采用对数检波器AD8307、直接数字频率合成... 详细信息

在聚变堆主机关键系统综合研究设施(CRAFT)的实验中,为了稳定控制射频功率和满足复杂的物理实验需求,设计了基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)芯片的低电平控制系统。通过上位机输入射频信号功率参数,采用对数检波器AD8307、直接数字频率合成器(DDS)、高精度的模数转换器(ADC)以及模拟衰减器等芯片,完成了射频功率测量与稳定输出、射频功率的反馈控制以及多阶功率调制等功能设计与实现。搭建了一套能够高效开展低电平控制系统的测试平台,通过实验验证该系统的功率反馈控制与多阶调制的有效性的同时,实现±0.3%的幅度稳定度和±0.3°的相位稳定度,且达到长时间稳定运行的要求。

关键词：离子回旋加热 FPGA DDS 反馈控制多阶调制

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长短期时间序列关联的视频异常事件检测

中国图象图形学报 2024年第7期29卷 1998-2010页

作者：朱新瑞钱小燕施俞洲陶旭东李智昱南京航空航天大学民航学院南京211106

目的多示例学习是解决弱监督视频异常事件检测问题的有力工具。异常事件发生往往具有稀疏性、突发性以及局部连续性等特点,然而,目前的多示例学习方法没有充分考虑示例之间的联系,忽略了视频片段之间的时间关联,无法充分分离正常片段... 详细信息

目的多示例学习是解决弱监督视频异常事件检测问题的有力工具。异常事件发生往往具有稀疏性、突发性以及局部连续性等特点,然而,目前的多示例学习方法没有充分考虑示例之间的联系,忽略了视频片段之间的时间关联,无法充分分离正常片段和异常片段。针对这一问题,提出了一种长短期时间序列关联的二阶段异常检测网络。方法第1阶段是长短期时间序列关联的异常检测网络(long-and-short-term correlated mil abnormal detection framework,LSC-transMIL),将Transformer结构应用到多示例学习方法中,添加局部和全局时间注意力机制,在学习不同视频片段间的空间关联语义信息的同时强化连续视频片段的时间序列关联;第2阶段构建了一个基于时空注意力机制的异常检测网络,将第1阶段生成的异常分数作为细粒度伪标签,使用伪标签训练策略训练异常事件检测网络,并微调骨干网络,提高异常事件检测网络的自适应性。结果实验在两个大型公开数据集上与同类方法比较,两阶段的异常检测模型在UCF-crime、ShanghaiTech数据集上曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)分别达到82.88%和96.34%,相比同为两阶段的方法分别提高了1.58%和0.58%。消融实验表明了关注时间序列的Transformer模块以及长短期注意力的有效性。结论本文将Transformer应用于时间序列的多示例学习,并添加长短期注意力,突出局部异常事件和正常事件的区别,有效检测视频中的异常事件。

关键词：异常检测 Transformer网络时空注意力多示例学习(MIL) 弱监督