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Simple schizophrenia revisited: Its schizophrenic body image deviation

Open Journal of Psychiatry 2012年第4期2卷 370-373页

作者： Reiko Koide Yuya Nishi Nobuaki Morita Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Saint-Pierre Hospital Takasaki Japan Tsukuba Institute for Biomedical Psychology Tsukuba Japan

Simple schizophrenia has not yet been recognized as a well-established diagnostic category as one of the subtypes of schizophrenia, however, its inclusion to the official diagnostic system is regarded as urgent for early intervention. Here, we report our new observation that body image distortion uniquely found in typical schizophrenia, as reflected in the perception of mass of flesh of living objects in the whole or part of the Rorschach stimuli (Koide et al., 2002), was shown in the patients conforming to the original description of simple schizophrenia, to revisit its relatedness to schizophrenia from a cognitive and perceptual point of view. The Rorschach test was administered to four inpatients of a local mental hospital, showing social and occupational decline, negative symptoms and absence of positive symptoms. The presence or absence of Rorschach flesh mass body image percepts was examined. All of four patients revealed Rorschach mass of flesh responses. The fact that simple schizophrenia exhibited the same body image distortion in the flesh mass passive global perception with typical schizophrenia suggests the adequacy of reconsidering simple schizophrenia as a form of schizophrenia.

关键词： Simple Schizophrenia Rorschach Test Body Image Deviation Diagnosis Early Intervention

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A preliminary study on the effects of line and selective thinning on bird communities in Hokkaido, northern Japan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 553-559页

作者： yuya Toyoshima Yuichi Yamaura Yuki Yabuhara Futoshi Nakamura Division of Environmental Resources Graduate School of Agriculture Hokkaido UniversityNishi 9 Kita 9 Kitaku Sapporo Hokkaido 0608589 Japan

In Japan, selective thinning is a common thinning method, though line thinning receives much attention because of its economic merits. In this study, we examined effects of the two thinning methods on bird communities in Todo fir (Abies sachalinensis) plantations in Hokkaido, Japan. We surveyed bird species in forests under four different management types - unthinned, selectively thinned, line-thinned plantation, and naturally regenerated forest (here after referred to as natural forest) stands - using a line-transect method. We also investigated vegetation structure (canopy tree and understory) of these stands. Bird species richness did not differ between natural forests and plantations, while bird total abundance was greater in plantations than in natural forests. Bird species richness and total abundance were comparable among the three management types for plantations. Abundances of 10 bird species were different among the four management types, and five species were more abundant in line-thinned plantations. However, two species were more abundant in selectively thinned stands than in line-thinned stands, and they frequently appeared in natural forests. There were no distinct differences in vegetation structure among the management types for plantations. Our results suggest that line thinning could be beneficial for some bird species in plantations.

关键词：鸟类群落变薄日本北海道物种丰富度管理类型鸟类物种植被结构

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