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Portable fluorescence instrument for detecting membrane integrity in membrane bioreactor (MBR)

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 121-131页

作者： Yang Yu Changchun Xin yuxiang liu Fei Gao Lei Zhang Hui Jia Jie Wang State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences Shenyang 110167China Cangzhou Institute of Tiangong University Tiangong UniversityCangzhou 061000China

This study proposed the design, fabrication, and assembly of membrane integrity detection instruments in membrane bioreactors (MBR) based on fluorescence spectroscopy. Based on the PARAFAC model, we found that the peak at 280/335 nm strengthened after membrane breakage. The peak at 340/430 nm reflected the sludge concentration in the MBR and reduced the influence of internal filtration effects on detection. Therefore, we determined that the dual-LED light source excitation detection system can detect tryptophan-like substances at 280 nm (T-peak) and humic acid at 340 nm (C-peak). T-peak was identified as the core index indicating membrane integrity. Moreover, the C-peak is the reference indicator factor for a sensitive response to changes in the sludge concentration. The portable fluorescence instrument exhibited high sensitivity and good feedback accuracy compared to particle counting and turbidity detection, where the log reduction value was greater than 3.5. This overcomes the disadvantage of false alarms in particle counters and is not affected by the position of the pump system. This portable instrument provides a flexible and highly sensitive method for the assessment of industrial membrane integrity.

关键词： Membrane integrity Fluorescence spectrum Portable instrument Membrane bioreactor

Understanding pitting corrosion behavior of AZ91 alloy and its MAO coating in 3.5%NaCl solution by cyclic potentiodynamic polarization

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第5期10卷 1368-1380页

作者： yuxiang liu Zhu liu Anyang Xu Xiaoting liu National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing of China 21 DujiakanFengtai DistrictBeijing 100072China School of Materials The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK

The pitting corrosion behavior of AZ91 alloy before and after micro-oxidation treatment in 3.5%Na Cl solution was investigated by cyclic potentiodynamic polarization(CPDP)and optical and SEM observations of corroded surfaces at different polarization potentials.The CPDP results show that both the alloy and the MAO-coated alloy suffer from pitting corrosion and it is difficult for pits to stop growth once the pits initiates.It is revealed that the air-formed Mg O film on AZ91 alloy,the MAO coating along with corrosion products(mainly Mg(OH))formed during CPDP can significantly influence the kinetics of the redox reactions of Mg,and further influence the propagation behavior of pitting corrosion.The optical and SEM images show that the corrosion products on AZ91 alloy are dense and protective but on the MAO-coated corrosion products are very loose.Such observations support the analyses of CPDP results that pits on AZ91 alloy spread to the width whereas pits on MAO-coated alloy propagate to the depth.Overall,pitting corrosion on the MAO-coated alloy can be very severe once the coating ruptures and post-treatments are necessary to provide a promising corrosion protection for the Mg alloys.

关键词： AZ91 alloy MAO coating Pitting corrosion behavior Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization

Understanding the effects of excimer laser treatment on corrosion behavior of biodegradable Mg-1Ca alloy in simulated body fluid

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第4期10卷 1004-1023页

作者： yuxiang liu Michele Curioni Shiyun Dong Zhu liu Department of Materials School of Natural SciencesThe University of ManchesterManchesterM139PLUK National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Beijing100072China

In this study,a KrF excimer laser was used to modify the biodegradable Mg-1Ca alloy and the time-evolution degradation behavior of the alloy before and after laser treatment was investigated in simulated body fluid(SBF)solution using immersion tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).A 5μm melted layer with a homogeneous microstructure and an MgO film on the surface were achieved by laser radiation.Corrosion observations(hydrogen evolution,morphology and corrosion products)and EIS results revealed an improvement of corrosion resistance after laser treatment for 48 h.It was found a two-layer structure developed after 2 h immersion on both the untreated and laser-treated alloys,but the sequence of forming the two layers was opposite and greatly influenced by the laser-treated layer.The time-evolution corrosion processes on the untreated and laser-treated alloys were discussed,providing a better understanding of corrosion behavior of biodegradable Mg alloys modified by excimer laser.

关键词： Magnesium Biodegradable implant Excimer laser Simulated body fluid Corrosion EIS

An isolation strategy to anchor atomic Ni or Co cocatalysts on TiO_(2)(A)for photocatalytic hydrogen production

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Nano Research 2022年第7期15卷 5848-5856页

作者： Shangchun Lv Mengxi Pei yuxiang liu Zhichun Si Xiaodong Wu Rui Ran Duan Weng Feiyu Kang International Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

TiO_(2) has been considered as an ideal photocatalyst for water splitting.However,narrow light absorbance,low charge separation efficiency,and rare surface active sites lead to the low photocatalytic efficiency of TiO_(2).Although extensive research attempted to improve the situation,there is still lack of method for constructing high active and noble-metal-free TiO_(2) photocatalyst for H_(2) evolution reactions(HER).In this work,we loaded single atomic(SA)Ni(or Co)on the surface of anatase TiO_(2)(TiO_(2)(A))nanosheets by an isolation strategy.Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and ethylene glycol(EDTA-EG)compounds were used to chelate metal ions in solution and form carbon quantum dots in the following thermal treatment to isolate the metal ions on surface of TiO_(2)(A).The prepared Ni SA/TiO_(2)(A)catalyst owned a“skin wrapped body”structure with in-situ formed twodimensional(2D)heterojunction facilitating the fast electron transfer.As a result,the Ni SA/TiO_(2)(A)catalyst showed a high H_(2) evolution rate of 2,900μmol·g−1·h−1.This work provides an isolation strategy for constructing promising single-atom metal catalyst for photocatalysis and beyond.

关键词： Ni or Co single atoms cocatalyst anatase TiO_(2)(TiO_(2)(A)) photocatalytic H_(2)evolution

上海高考综合改革的人才选拔与分类培养路径协同创新探究

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中国考试 2024年第4期 1-11页

作者：刘玉祥上海市教育考试院上海200433

上海高考综合改革自2014年启动以来,始终高度重视人才选拔与分类培养。在改革实践中,注重发挥综合素质评价的育人功效,通过优化招生录取配套信息系统、省级考试机构投档规则、高校录取规则和高校专业分类培养方案等一系列创新性举措,在... 详细信息

上海高考综合改革自2014年启动以来,始终高度重视人才选拔与分类培养。在改革实践中,注重发挥综合素质评价的育人功效,通过优化招生录取配套信息系统、省级考试机构投档规则、高校录取规则和高校专业分类培养方案等一系列创新性举措,在春季高考、统一高考综合评价等项目中,融合应用学生综合素质评价信息,深入探索人才选拔与分类培养的协同创新路径。高考综合改革协同创新相关探索深化了立德树人根本任务的落实,丰富了中学教育教学内涵,调动了高校精准招生积极性,创新了学生与高校双向选择的人才选拔培养模式,对全面提升人才自主培养质量、推动教育强国建设具有重要价值。

关键词：高考综合改革综合素质评价人才选拔与分类培养协同创新

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拔尖创新人才选育特点及其保障体系构建

教育发展研究 2024年第8期44卷 1-10页

作者：刘玉祥上海市教育考试院上海200433

拔尖创新人才是新时代促进和提升国家核心竞争能力最重要的战略资源。党和国家高度重视拔尖创新人才选拔与培养,采取了一系列行之有效的措施。通过推进部门联动,体现了不同部门在拔尖创新人才选育中的功效与作用;通过强化科教融合,提升... 详细信息

拔尖创新人才是新时代促进和提升国家核心竞争能力最重要的战略资源。党和国家高度重视拔尖创新人才选拔与培养,采取了一系列行之有效的措施。通过推进部门联动,体现了不同部门在拔尖创新人才选育中的功效与作用;通过强化科教融合,提升了拔尖创新人才的实战能力与素养;通过注重大中衔接,倍增了高校和中学在拔尖创新人才选育中的合力;通过发挥高考作用,确保了拔尖创新人才的选育质量与公平底线。面对百年未有之大变局,应在现有措施基础上,以组织、制度、质量、安全等关键要素为着力点,探索构建更加有利于促进健康可持续选育拔尖创新人才的保障体系,助力全面实现人才自主培养,为强国建设战略需求提供坚强的人才支撑。

关键词：拔尖创新人才选拔与培养保障体系组织制度质量

东道国国内政治与“一带一路”基建项目推进——以柬埔寨和缅甸为例

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东南亚研究 2024年第1期 88-112,157页

作者：刘宇祥对外经济贸易大学国际关系学院对外经济贸易大学国家安全与治理研究院

在东南亚地区,中国“一带一路”倡议下的基建项目遭遇了民众抗议、重新谈判等波折。大部分项目在东道国成功协调反对声音后依旧保持进度,但部分项目却因无法统筹各方意见而进展缓慢。为什么同样在面临实施阻力的情况下,有些项目能顺利完... 详细信息

在东南亚地区,中国“一带一路”倡议下的基建项目遭遇了民众抗议、重新谈判等波折。大部分项目在东道国成功协调反对声音后依旧保持进度,但部分项目却因无法统筹各方意见而进展缓慢。为什么同样在面临实施阻力的情况下,有些项目能顺利完工,不少项目却难有进展?本文认为“一带一路”基建项目的顺利实施取决于东道国的精英凝聚程度与社会动员能力。只有当东道国国内政商精英就基建项目的主导权达成一致,且政府能动员当地民众支持基建项目并化解其反对声音时,基建项目才能顺利实施;当精英意见一致但政府缺乏有效的基层动员手段时,政府可以安排临时性机构作为社会动员手段,保证基建项目受挫后依然能够重新启动;当精英意见难以统合时,不论政府能否动员民众支持基建项目,项目都可能停留在谈判阶段而无法推进。文章选择柬埔寨与缅甸作为案例,探究在基建项目建设进程中,东道国国内政商精英与基层民众的不同反应,分别验证文章提出的三种理论机制。

关键词：一带一路基建项目东南亚国内政治精英凝聚社会动员

Molecular mechanism of endocrine-disruptive effects induced by Bisphenol A:The role of transmembrane G-protein estrogen receptor 1 and integrin αvβ3

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 1-13页

作者： Zhiguo Sheng Cong Wang Furong Ren yuxiang liu Benzhan Zhu Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinjiang Normal University

Bisphenol A(BPA) is one of the highest volume industrial products worldwide and has been widely used to make various products as the intermediates of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins.Inevitably, general population has been widely exposed to BPA due to extensive use of BPAcontaining products. BPA has similar chemical structure with the natural estrogen and has been shown to induce a variety of estrogen-like endocrine effects on organism in vivo or in vitro. High doses of BPA tend to act as antagonist of estrogen receptors(ERs) by directly regulating the genomic transcription. However, BPA at environmentally relevant low-dose always disrupt the biological function via a non-genomic manner mediated by membrane receptors, rather than ERs. Although some studies had investigated the non-genomic effects of low-dose BPA, the exact molecular mechanism still remains unclear. Recently, we found that membrane G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 and integrin αvβ3 and its relative signal pathways participate in the induction of male germ cell proliferation and thyroid transcription disruption by the low-dose BPA. A profound understanding for the mechanism of action of the environmentally relevant BPA exposure not only contributes to objectively evaluate and predict the potential influence to human health, but also provides theoretical basis and methodological support for assessing health effects trigged by other estrogen-like environmental endocrine disruptors. Based mainly on our recent findings, this review outlines the research progress of molecular mechanism on endocrine disrupting effects of environmental low-dose BPA, existing problems and some consideration for future studies.

关键词： Bisphenol A Low-dose effects G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 Integrin ανβ3 Reproductive toxicity Thyroxine interference effect

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绿脓菌素产量优化及其降解含氮化合物

化学工程 2024年第2期52卷 23-28,60页

作者：马思嘉刘玉香太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院山西太原030024

为探究细菌胞外分泌物对含氮化合物降解能力的影响,以铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)产生的PYO(绿脓菌素)为研究对象,进行单因素试验及运用RSM(响应曲面法)的统计学模型以优化PYO产量,电化学测试探讨PYO降解的影响机理,并将其用... 详细信息

为探究细菌胞外分泌物对含氮化合物降解能力的影响,以铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)产生的PYO(绿脓菌素)为研究对象,进行单因素试验及运用RSM(响应曲面法)的统计学模型以优化PYO产量,电化学测试探讨PYO降解的影响机理,并将其用于含氮化合物的降解。结果表明:对PYO生成有显著影响的3种因素有C/N元素质量比、pH值和Mg^(2+)质量浓度,经过方差分析和评估得到最佳条件:C/N比为24,pH值为7.9,Mg^(2+)质量浓度0.96 g/L,此时PYO产量为10.74 mg/L。电化学测试说明降解率的提升得益于PYO的氧化还原性。将PYO用于含氮化合物中,TOC(总有机碳)和TN(总氮)降解率达到75%、92%,说明PYO可促进吲哚、吡啶的降解,可为PYO用于废水处理研究提供参考。

关键词：铜绿假单胞菌胞外分泌物绿脓菌素响应曲面含氮化合物