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“葡萄酒发酵”实验教学设计

生物学通报 2024年第6期59卷 44-47页

作者：杨茱莉胡肇珊郑梅林傅雨诗陈雪静郝晓冉北京师范大学生命科学学院北京100875 伊犁师范大学生物与地理科学学院新疆伊犁835100

发酵工程是生物技术专业的核心基础课程,注重培养实践应用能力,有机结合理论知识与实验,帮助学生理解理论知识、提高实践动手能力和创新思维。“葡萄酒发酵”工艺历史悠久,是发酵工程重要的基础实验与内容,涉及发酵、物料预处理、发酵... 详细信息

发酵工程是生物技术专业的核心基础课程,注重培养实践应用能力,有机结合理论知识与实验,帮助学生理解理论知识、提高实践动手能力和创新思维。“葡萄酒发酵”工艺历史悠久,是发酵工程重要的基础实验与内容,涉及发酵、物料预处理、发酵菌种与设备、前发酵及后发酵等概念。以小组为单位开展实验教学,使学生体会完整发酵流程,锻炼学生实验操作能力和自主探索能力,培养学生的家国情怀和职业道德素养。

关键词：葡萄酒发酵发酵工程实验设计

Shock-induced energy localization and reaction growth considering chemical-inclusions effects for crystalline explosives

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 278-294页

作者： Ruqin Liu Yanqing Wu Xinjie Wang Fenglei Huang Xiaona Huang yushi Wen State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072HubeiChina Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics(CAEP)Mianyang621999SichuanChina

Chemical inclusions significantly alter shock responses of crystalline explosives in macroscale gap experiments but their microscale dynamics origin remains *** shock-induced energy localization,overall physical responses,and reactions in a-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane(a-RDX)crystal entrained various chemical inclusions were investigated by the multi-scale shock technique implemented in the reactive molecular dynamics *** indicated that energy localization and shock reaction were affected by the intrinsic factors within chemical inclusions,i.e.,phase states,chemical compositions,and *** atomic origin of chemical-inclusions effects on energy localization is dependent on the dynamics mechanism of interfacial molecules with free space volume,which includes homogeneous intermolecular compression,interfacial impact and shear,and void collapse and *** introducing various chemical inclusions,the initiation of those dynamics mechanisms triggers diverse decay rates of bulk RDX molecules and hereby impacts on growth speeds of final *** chemical inclusions can reduce the effectiveness of the void during the shock *** the shockwave velocity of 9 km/s,the parent RDX decay rate in RDX entrained amorphous carbon decreases the most and is about one fourth of that in RDX with a vacuum void,and solid HMX and TATB inclusions are more reactive than amorphous carbon but less reactive than dry air or acetone *** lessdense shocking system denotes the greater increases in local temperature and stress,the faster energy liberation,and the earlier final reaction into equilibrium,revealing more pronounced responses to the present intense *** quantitative models associated with the relative system density(RD_(sys))were proposed for indicating energy-localization mechanisms and evaluating initiation safety in the shocked crystalline ***_(sys)is defined by the density ratio of defective RDX to perfec

关键词： Shock responses Energy localization Crystalline explosives Chemical inclusions Reactive molecular dynamics

Programming molecular switches in water and ethanol via thermo-sensitive polymers for phase control in energetic crystals

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 75-88页

作者： Xinru Yang yushi Wen Congmei Lin Feiyan Gong Zhijian Yang fude Nie Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China

The practical application of energetic materials, particularly 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20), is frequently impeded by phase transition challenges. In this study, we propose a novel strategy to enhance the stability of CL-20 by employing a thermo-sensitive polymer,poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM), to modulate its phase transitions. Our approach involves the use of an in-situ polymerized polydopamine(PDA) shell as a platform for surface grafting through atom transfer radical polymerization, yielding a core-shell structured CL-20@PDA-PNIPAM. Through comprehensive characterization, the successful grafting of PNIPAM is confirmed, significantly enhanced the phase stability of CL-20. Notably, our core-shell structure exhibits a 13℃ increase in phase transition temperature compared to raw CL-20, thereby delaying the ε→a phase transition by over 80 min under combined thermal and solvent conditions. The enhanced stability is attributed to the hydrophobic nature of PNIPAM above its low critical solution temperature in water, which effectively shields the CL-20 crystal. These findings provide new insights into enhancing the stability and safety of energetic materials in complex environments, highlighting the potential of our molecular switch mechanism.

关键词： 2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20) Phase stability Polydopamine(PDA) Poly-N-Isopropylacrylamide(PNIPAM) Thermal and solvent effects

Multi-sensor multispectral reconstruction framework based on projection and reconstruction

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 246-262页

作者： Tianshuai LI Tianzhu LIU Xian LI Yanfeng GU Yukun WANG yushi CHEN School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Space-Air-Ground Integrated Intelligent Remote Sensing

The scarcity and low spatial resolution of hyperspectral images(HSIs) have become a major problem limiting the application of the images. In recent years, spectral reconstruction(SR) has been applied to convert multispectral images(MSIs) with abundant quantities and high spatial resolution into HSIs. With the launch of several new multispectral(MS) satellites with a short repeat period, the simultaneous acquisition of images from multiple MS sensors in the same area is gradually becoming feasible. Unfortunately, existing SR methods only consider the reconstruction of the MSIs of a single sensor without considering using MSIs from different MS sensors to obtain a better construction effect through their complementary bands. However,multi-sensor SR is characterized by two problems: inconsistency in the amplitude information of real multisensor imaging and difficulty in the extraction of the complex correlations of bands from different *** solve these problems, this paper proposes a multi-sensor SR framework based on a two-step approach in which the problems of amplitude inconsistency and band information extraction are solved using an ideal projection network and an ideal multi-sensor SR network, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experiments on three datasets.

关键词： spectral reconstruction spectral superresolution hyperspectral image multispectral image neural networks multi-sensor

Data-driven interpretable analysis for polysaccharide yield prediction

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 91-99页

作者： yushi Tian Xu Yang Nianhua Chen Chunyan Li Wulin Yang School of Resource and Environment Northeast Agriculture UniversityHarbin150030PR China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871PR China

Cornstalks show promise as a raw material for polysaccharide production through *** and accurate prediction of polysaccharide yield can facilitate process optimization,eliminating the need for extensive experimentation in actual production to refine reaction conditions,thereby saving time and ***,the intricate interplay of enzymatic factors poses challenges in predicting and optimizing polysaccharide yield ***,we introduce an innovative data-driven approach leveraging multiple artificial intelligence techniques to enhance polysaccharide *** propose a machine learning framework to identify highly accurate polysaccharide yield prediction modeling methods and uncover optimal enzymatic parameter ***,Random Forest(RF)and eXtreme Gradient Boost(XGB)demonstrate robust performance,achieving prediction accuracies of 93.0%and 95.6%,respectively,while an independently developed deep neural network(DNN)model achieves 91.1%accuracy.A feature importance analysis of XGB reveals the enzyme solution volume's dominant role(43.7%),followed by time(20.7%),substrate concentration(15%),temperature(15%),and pH(5.6%).further interpretability analysis unveils complex parameter interactions and potential optimization *** data-driven approach,incorporating machine learning,deep learning,and interpretable analysis,offers a viable pathway for polysaccharide yield prediction and the potential recovery of various agricultural residues.

关键词： Cornstalk Xylanase Polysaccharide yield prediction Machine learning Model interpretability

Global WWTP Microbiome-based Integrative Information Platform:From experience to intelligence

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第4期20卷 6-13页

作者： fuzhong Xiong Zhiguo Su yushi Tang Tianjiao Dai Donghui Wen College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871China School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ08544USA School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China

Domestic and industrial wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are facing formidable challenges in effectively eliminating emerging pollutants and conventional *** microbiome engineering,two approaches have been developed:a top-down method focusing on domesticating seed microbiomes into engineered ones,and a bottom-up strategy that synthesizes engineered microbiomes from microbial ***,these approaches face substantial hurdles that limit their real-world applicability in wastewater treatment *** this gap,we propose the creation of a Global WWTP Microbiome-based Integrative Information Platform,inspired by the untapped microbiome and engineering data fromWWTPs and advancements in artificial intelligence(AI).This open platform integrates microbiome and engineering information globally and utilizes AI-driven tools for identifying seed microbiomes for new plants,providing technical upgrades for existing facilities,and deploying microbiomes for accidental pollution *** its practical applications,this platform has significant scientific and social value,supporting multidisciplinary research,documenting microbial evolution,advancing Wastewater-Based Epidemiology,and enhancing global resource ***,the platform is expected to enhance WWTPs’performance in pollution control,safeguarding a harmonious and healthy future for human society and the natural environment.

关键词： Wastewater treatment plants Microbiome Environmental engineering Information platform Artificial intelligence

Adversarial robustness analysis of LiDAR-included models in autonomous driving

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High-Confidence Computing 2024年第1期4卷 60-69页

作者： Bo Yang Zizhi Jin yushi Cheng Xiaoyu Ji Wenyuan Xu College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Hangzhou Zhuoxi Institute of Brain and Intelligence Hangzhou 311100China

In autonomous driving systems,perception is pivotal,relying chiefly on sensors like LiDAR and cameras for environmental ***,celebrated for its detailed depth perception,is being increasingly integrated into autonomous *** this article,we analyze the robustness of four LiDAR-included models against adversarial points under physical *** first introduce an attack technique that,by simply adding a limited number of physically constrained adversarial points above a vehicle,can make the vehicle undetectable by the LiDAR-included *** reveal that adversarial points adversely affect the detection capabilities of both LiDAR-only and LiDAR–camera fusion models,with a tendency for more adversarial points to escalate attack success ***,voxel-based models are more susceptible to deception by these adversarial *** also investigated the impact of the distance and angle of the added adversarial points on the attack success ***,the farther the victim object to be hidden and the closer to the front of the LiDAR,the higher the attack success ***,we have experimentally proven that our generated adversarial points possess good cross-model adversarial transferability and validated the effectiveness of our proposed optimization method through ablation ***,we propose a new plug-and-play,modelagnostic defense method based on the concept of point *** ROC curve of this defense method shows an AUC value of approximately 0.909,demonstrating its effectiveness.

关键词： Autonomous driving LiDAR Adversarial example Defense

More tree growth reduction due to consecutive drought and its legacy effect for a semiarid larch plantation in Northwest China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 188-196页

作者： Yanfang Wan Pengtao Yu Yanhui Wang Jiamei Li yushi Bai Yipeng Yu Bingbing Liu Xiaocha Wei Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China

Extreme climate has increasingly led to negative impacts on forest ecosystems globally,especially in semiarid areas where forest ecosystems are more ***,it is poorly understood how tree growth is affected by different drought *** 2006–2009,the larch plantations in the semiarid areas of Northwest China were negatively affected by four consecutive dry years,which was a very rare phenomenon that may occur frequently under future climate *** this study,we analyzed the effect of these consecutive dry years on tree growth based on the data of the tree rings in the dominant layer of the forest canopy on a larch *** found that the tree-ring width index(RWI)in dry years was lower than that in normal years,and it experienced a rapidly decreasing trend from 2006 to 2009(slope=-0.139 year^(-1),r=-0.94)due to water supply deficits in those dry *** induced legacy effects of tree growth reduction,and consecutive dry years corresponded with greater growth reductions and legacy *** reductions and legacy effects were significantly stronger in the third and fourth consecutive dry years than that of single dry year(p<0.05),which might have been due to the cumulative stress caused by consecutive dry *** results showed that larch trees experienced greater tree growth reduction due to consecutive dry years and their legacy effect,and the trees had lower recovery rates after consecutive dry *** results highlight that consecutive dry years pose a new threat to plantations under climate warming,and thus,the effect of climate extremes on tree growth should be considered in growth models in semiarid areas.

关键词： Tree rings Drought effects Legacy effects Growth-climate relationships Larix principis-rupprechtii

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浅谈新疆察布查尔锡伯族的文化样态

黑河学院学报 2020年第5期11卷 162-164页

作者：富雨诗黑龙江大学满学研究院黑龙江哈尔滨150080

基于田野调查对观察到的新疆察布查尔县锡伯族诸多文化现象进行描写和分析,以此为样本确定当前新疆察布查尔锡伯族的文化样态存在传承自我和吸纳外界并存、继承传统与转向现代并存两大特点,这与当地锡伯族独特的的历史背景、地理环境密... 详细信息

基于田野调查对观察到的新疆察布查尔县锡伯族诸多文化现象进行描写和分析,以此为样本确定当前新疆察布查尔锡伯族的文化样态存在传承自我和吸纳外界并存、继承传统与转向现代并存两大特点,这与当地锡伯族独特的的历史背景、地理环境密切相关。新疆锡伯族文化正面临着如何定位自我与他者、传统与现代的问题,是进一步保护、传承本民族文化的关键。

关键词：察布查尔锡伯族文化样态