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The underappreciated role of fugitive VOCs in ozone formation and health risk assessment emitted from seven typical industries in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 647-657页

作者： Zhiling Liang yunjiang yu Bingbing Sun Qian Yao Xihua Lin Yongsheng Wang Jianping Zhang Yingzi Li Xuefeng Wang Zhengzheng Tang Shexia Ma College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200090China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Health Risk Assessment South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510535China Henan Jiyuan Ecological Environment Testing Center Jiyuan 454650China Ecological Environment Bureau of Jiyuan Production City Integration Demonstration Zone Jiyuan 454650China

Fugitive emission from industrial sources may result in ozone formation and health risk,while the exact contribution of this source remains incompletely *** this study,emission characteristics,ozone formation potential(OFP)and health risk of fugitive VOCs in7 representative industries were *** material industry was the dominant contributor to VOCs of fugitive emission in comparison with other *** OFP of VOCs from fugitive emission was in the range of 1.45×10^(3)-3.98×10^(5)μg/m^(3),with a higher value than that of organized emission in seven industries except for the coking industry and the chemical material industry,suggesting that fugitive VOCs should be taken into account while developing control ***,m,p-xylene,n-nonane,ethylene,vinyl chloridethe and other high OFP-contributing species were the major reactive species that should be *** risk assessment investigated non-cancer and cancer risks of fugitive VOCs in 7 industries were all above safe level(HR>1 and LCR>1×10^(-4)),posing remarkable health threats to human *** were the main contributor to non-cancer risk,while halohydrocarbons and aromatics contributed most to cancer risks,posing remarkable health threat on human *** findings highlighted the contribution of fugitive VOCs on ozone formation and health risk was underestimated,indicating which should be considered in emission control strategies of industrial sources.

关键词： Industrial sources Volatile organic compounds Fugitive emission Ozone formation potential Health risk assessment

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新污染物健康风险需高度重视与有效防范

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科学通报 2024年第6期69卷 645-647页

作者：邓启红于云江康乐郑州大学公共卫生学院郑州450001 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室广州510655 中国科学院动物研究所农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室北京100101

自党的十八大,特别是“健康中国”国家战略实施以来,党中央以前所未有的力度抓生态文明建设,使我国生态环境保护发生历史性、转折性、全局性变化.2018年6月,中共中央国务院《关于全面加强生态环境保护坚决打好污染防治攻坚战的意见》进... 详细信息

自党的十八大,特别是“健康中国”国家战略实施以来,党中央以前所未有的力度抓生态文明建设,使我国生态环境保护发生历史性、转折性、全局性变化.2018年6月,中共中央国务院《关于全面加强生态环境保护坚决打好污染防治攻坚战的意见》进一步加紧部署了“坚决打赢蓝天保卫战、着力打好碧水保卫战、扎实推进净土保卫战”.目前,我国传统环境污染(包括雾霾)已得到明显改善,空气质量显著提升,呈现蓝天、白云、绿水、青山/净土的美好景象.

关键词：生态环境保护生态文明建设污染防治健康风险转折性空气质量环境污染保卫战

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基于暴露指纹谱构建行业污染识别和风险评估模型

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科学通报 2024年第6期69卷 653-654页

作者：于云江向明灯邝洪轩生态环境部华南环境科学研究所国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室广州510655

污染物暴露标志物是体内组织、液体或排泄物中可被测量的污染物、污染物的代谢转化产物以及污染物与内源性物质形成的加合物.污染物暴露标志物是连接环境污染暴露和人群健康风险的桥梁.1991年,美国环境保护署通过《ORD健康生物标志物项... 详细信息

污染物暴露标志物是体内组织、液体或排泄物中可被测量的污染物、污染物的代谢转化产物以及污染物与内源性物质形成的加合物.污染物暴露标志物是连接环境污染暴露和人群健康风险的桥梁.1991年,美国环境保护署通过《ORD健康生物标志物项目》率先制定了暴露标志物开发、验证和应用的框架,初步构建了可用于人体污染物暴露监测的生物标志物网络.

关键词：内源性物质代谢转化指纹谱生物标志物风险评估模型暴露标志物人群健康加合物

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环境中微塑料检测方法的研究进展

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环境化学 2024年第7期43卷 2166-2180页

作者：卢琦园马艳陈思帆郑晶任明忠于云江新污染物研究团队国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室生态环境部华南环境科学研究所广州510535

微塑料是指粒径小于5 mm的塑料碎片或颗粒,能够在大气、土壤和水体中迁移和富集,通过食物链累积,对人体健康产生严重危害.为了更好地评估环境中微塑料的污染,本文详细综述了微塑料检测方法和技术手段的应用现状,包括显微镜分析、扫描电... 详细信息

微塑料是指粒径小于5 mm的塑料碎片或颗粒,能够在大气、土壤和水体中迁移和富集,通过食物链累积,对人体健康产生严重危害.为了更好地评估环境中微塑料的污染,本文详细综述了微塑料检测方法和技术手段的应用现状,包括显微镜分析、扫描电镜能谱分析、光谱分析、热分析和质谱分析等微塑料常用检测方法并对比了各方法的优缺点.总结了近年来微塑料检测的新方法和新技术,重点讨论微塑料检测当前面临的技术挑战和未来的研究方向,对建立统一和标准化的微塑料分析方法进行展望,为系统地和进一步地开展微塑料的污染评价及风险评估提供指导.

关键词：微塑料检测方法应用前景.

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微塑料的老化技术、特征及其毒性效应研究进展

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环境化学 2024年第4期43卷 1096-1106页

作者：谭诗慧陈海波谢东丽李红艳向明灯于云江中国医科大学公共卫生学院沈阳110122 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室广州510655 上海大学环境与化学工程学院环境污染与健康研究所上海200444 重庆三峡学院环境与化学工程学院万州404100

环境中的微塑料通常会受到紫外辐照、热辐射、化学氧化、生物降解等环境因素的影响,进而经历光老化、热老化、化学老化、生物老化等过程,并且其物理化学性质均发生一定程度的改变.环境中微塑料的自然老化过程需要很长的时间,极大限制了... 详细信息

环境中的微塑料通常会受到紫外辐照、热辐射、化学氧化、生物降解等环境因素的影响,进而经历光老化、热老化、化学老化、生物老化等过程,并且其物理化学性质均发生一定程度的改变.环境中微塑料的自然老化过程需要很长的时间,极大限制了对老化微塑料的研究.本文综述了微塑料的实验室加速老化技术,包括紫外老化、化学老化和生物降解等技术,阐述了老化后微塑料的表面形貌与官能团的变化及对吸附污染物的影响,并总结了老化微塑料对生物的发育毒性、生殖毒性、神经毒性和氧化应激等效应.本文旨在使人们更了解微塑料实验室加速老化技术及其对生物的潜在风险效应.

关键词：老化微塑料实验室加速老化表面特征毒性效应

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成都市2019-2021年绿地暴露健康经济效益评估

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环境科学研究 2024年第8期37卷 1829-1838页

作者：唐宇威杨博逸郑彤周洋贺淼张一丹邱慧玲谢昱婷向明灯于云江生态环境部华南环境科学研究所国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室广东广州510655 中国医科大学公共卫生学院辽宁沈阳110000 中山大学公共卫生学院广东广州510006

生态产品价值实现是践行“两山”理念的有效路径。城市绿地与人体健康息息相关,可以降低死亡率以及多种疾病的发病风险。为了评估绿地暴露带来的具体健康效益,以率先开展公园城市建设的成都市为研究对象,基于绿地与全因死亡率的暴露-反... 详细信息

生态产品价值实现是践行“两山”理念的有效路径。城市绿地与人体健康息息相关,可以降低死亡率以及多种疾病的发病风险。为了评估绿地暴露带来的具体健康效益,以率先开展公园城市建设的成都市为研究对象,基于绿地与全因死亡率的暴露-反应系数,创新性地耦合归一化差值植被指数(NDVI)和空间人口栅格数据,构建了绿地暴露可避免早死人数的定量分析方法,结合人力资本法核算归因于绿地暴露可避免的经济损失。结果表明:对比2018年,2019年、2020年和2021年成都市绿地NDVI值分别增加了0.08、0.06和0.07,因之可避免的早死人数分别为2408、1927和2492人,分别占成都市当年死亡人数(除去意外死亡)的1.82%、1.39%和1.68%;通过3年公园城市建设带来的健康经济效益总计95.36×10^(8)元,其中2019年、2020年和2021年分别为32.06×10^(8)、26.17×10^(8)和37.13×10^(8)元。从空间分布上看,在单个100 m×100 m网格中,健康经济效益最高为95.16×10^(4)元,且呈现出人口密度高的中心城区健康效益更高的规律。总体上,成都市绿地水平(以NDVI的高低来表征)表现为西部高于东部,中部主城区绿地水平较低。相较于2018年,2019-2021年成都市整体绿地水平呈增加趋势,表明公园城市理念的提出得到了成都市政府的积极响应并且卓有成效;此外,结果呈现出人口密度高的中心城区健康效益更高的规律,并随着成都市人均GDP的升高,归因于绿地暴露可避免的经济损失也在增加。因此应该持续发展生态建设,打造绿色-经济双模式,注重中心城区绿色发展,同时对绿地暴露的健康效益进行评估,对推动城市绿地的项目实施和运行有重要意义。本研究以城市绿地这一特色生态产品为对象,探索建立了绿地暴露健康经济效益评估方法,形成了公园城市建设健康价值核算的示范案例,可为我国探索生态产品价值实现的特色路径提供重要参考。

关键词：绿地暴露归一化差值植被指数成都可避免早死人数健康效益

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Ultra-high extinction ratio optical pulse generation with a thin film lithium niobate modulator for distributed acoustic sensing

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 40-50页

作者： yuAN SHEN XIAOQIAN SHU LINGMEI MA SHAOLIANG yu GENGXIN CHEN LIU LIU RENYOU GE BIGENG CHEN yunjiang RAO Research Center for Optical Fiber Sensing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China Research Center for Intelligent Optoelectronic Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China International Research Center for Advanced Photonics College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Fiber Optics Research Center(FORC) Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and CommunicationsUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

We experimentally demonstrate ultra-high extinction ratio(ER)optical pulse modulation with an electro-optical modulator(EOM)on thin film lithium niobate(TFLN)and its application for fiber optic distributed acoustic sensing(DAS).An interface carrier effect leading to a relaxation-tail response of TFLN EOM is discovered,which can be well addressed by a small compensation component following the main driving *** ultrahigh ER>50 dB is achieved by canceling out the tailed response during pulse modulation using the EOM based on a cascaded Mach–Zehnder interferometer(MZI)*** modulated optical_(√)pulses are then utilized as a probe light for a DAS system,showing a sensitivity up to-62.9 dB·rad∕Hz~2(7 pε/Hz)for 2-km single-mode sensing *** crosstalk suppression of 24.9 dB along the fiber is also obtained when the ER is improved from 20 dB to 50 dB,clearly revealing its importance to the sensing performance.

关键词： modulator pulse interferometer

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The effects of autophagy on vascular endothelial cells induced by airborne PM2.5

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第4期30卷 182-187页

作者： Zhixiang Zhou Tong Shao Mengnan Qin Xiaoyan Miao yu Chang Wang Sheng Fengshang Wu yunjiang yu College of Life Science and Bioengineering Beijing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences South China Institute of Environmental Science Ministry of Environmental Protection

The purpose of this study was to examine the direct toxicity of PM2.5 collected from Beijing on human umbilical vein endothelial cells（HUVEC）. A Cell Counting Kit 8（CCK8） assay demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure decreased the proliferation of HUVECs in a dosedependent manner. We also found that PM2.5 exposure induced autophagy in HUVECs, as evidenced by：（1） an increased number of double-membrane vesicles;（2） enhanced conversion and punctuation of the microtubule-associated protein light chain 3（LC3）; and（3） decreased levels of the selective autophagy substrate p62 in a time-dependent ***, promoting autophagy in PM2.5-exposed HUVECs with rapamycin increased the cell survival rate, whereas inhibiting autophagy via 3-methyladenine significantly decreased cell survival. These results demonstrate that PM2.5 exposure can induce cytotoxicity and autophagy in HUVECs and that autophagy play a protective role against PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity. The findings of the present study imply a direct toxic effect of PM2.5 on HUVECs and provide novel insight into the mechanism of cardiovascular diseases caused by PM2.5 exposure.

关键词： PM2.5 HUVEC Cytotoxicity Autophagy

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Legacies and health risks of heavy metals,polybrominated diphenyl ethers,and polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins/furans at e-waste recycling sites in South China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第7期17卷 1-10页

作者： Xu Zhao Wei Li Wei Wang Jingjing Liu yunjiang yu Yang Li Xichao Chen yun Liu State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of ChinaGuangzhou 510655China

Informal electronic-waste(e-waste)recycling sites pose substantial health risks to surrounding environments and populations,yet they are not properly *** this study,the soil levels of copper,lead,cadmium,eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),and 18 polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins/furans(PCDD/Fs)were measured at two e-waste recycling sites in South China between 2014 and *** sites have been abandoned for natural *** results indicate that the mean Cd and PCDD/F levels at Site A in 2019 were higher than those recommended by current safety ***,the highest exposure among children was 1.36×10^(−2)mg/(kg·d)for Cu,followed by 5.05×10^(−3)mg/(kg·d)for Pb,9.71 ng/(kg·d)for PBDEs,and 6.82 ng TEQ/(kg·d)for PCDD/*** were at elevated risk for health problem posed by Pb and Cu exposure at both sites(hazard quotient>1)and by PCDD/Fs at Site *** risk assessment was conducted on the target organs and endpoints of heavy metals and PCDD/*** hazard index(HI)for the target organ mixed-risk of heavy metals was high(HI=1.27),as was that of PCDD/Fs(HI=1.66),which can disrupt endocrine function and pose a risk of reproductive toxicity in *** to incomplete cleaning,contaminants persist in soils over long periods and may harm nearby environments and *** study demonstrates that heavy metal,PBDE,and PCDD/F contamination have not yet been remediated,and intervention is needed to reduce pollution and associated risks in areas affected by e-waste.

关键词： E-waste Human health risk Organ risk Heavy metal toxicity PBDE PCDD/F

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Persistence of four dominant psammophyte species in central Inner Mongolia of China under continual drought

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第3期5卷 331-339页

作者： yuanRun ZHENG LianHe JIANG Yong GAO Xi CHEN GePing LUO XianWei FENG yunjiang yu Ping AN Yi yu Hideyuki SHIMIZU Key Laboratory of Resource Plants Beijing Botanical Garden Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Arid Land Research Center Tottori University 1390 HamasakaTottori 680-0001Japan National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba 305-8506Japan

Clarifying the persistence time of seedlings of dominant species under continual drought will help us understand responses of ecosystems to global climate change and improve revegetation efforts. Drought tolerance of four dominant psammophytic shrub species occurring in different environments was studied in the semi-arid areas of Inner Mongolian grasslands. Seedlings of Hedysarum laeve, Caragana korshinskii, Artemisia sphaerocephala and Artemisia ordosica were grown under four air temperature regimes （night/day： 12.5/22.5℃, 15/25℃, 17.5/27.5℃ and 20/30℃） within climate （air temperature and humidity） controlled, naturally lit glasshouses with a night/day relative humidity of 70%/50%. Pots were watered to field capacity for each temperature treatment. Soil water condition was monitored by weighting each pot every day using an electronic balance. Date of seedling death for each treatment was recorded and the dead plants were harvested. Plant dry weights were determined after oven drying at 80℃ for 3 days. Two Artemisia species had higher growth rates than H. laeve and C. korshinskii, and the growth of all four species increased with increasing temperatures. The two Artemisia species had the highest leaf biomass increment, followed by C. korshinskii, and then H. laeve. Shoot biomass increment was higher for A. ordosica and C. korshinskii, intermediate for A. sphaerocephala and lowest for H. laeve. C. korshinskii had the highest root biomass increment. The final soil water content at death for all four species varied from 1% to 2%. C. korshinskii, A. sphaerocephala, H. laeve and A. ordosica survived for 25-43, 24-41, 26-41 and 24-37 days without watering, respectively. C. korshinskii, A. sphaerocephala, H. Laeve, and A. ordosica seedlings survived longer at the lowest temperatures （12.5/22.5℃） than at the highest temperatures （20/30℃） by 18, 17, 15 and 13 days, respectively. Increased climatic temperatures induce the death of seedlings in years with long intervals betwee

关键词： biomass allocation drought temperature persistence time semi-arid area

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