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Comparison of the Minimum Bounding Rectangle and Minimum Circumscribed Ellipse of Rain Cells from TRMM

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 391-406页

作者： Hongke CAI Yaqin MAO Xuanhao ZHU Yunfei Fu Renjun ZHOU Plateau Atmospheric and Environment Laboratory of Sichuan Province School of Atmospheric SciencesChengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Center for Atmospheric Optics Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

Based on the TRMM dataset, this paper compares the applicability of the improved MCE(minimum circumscribed ellipse), MBR(minimum bounding rectangle), and DIA(direct indexing area) methods for rain cell fitting. These three methods can reflect the geometric characteristics of clouds and apply geometric parameters to estimate the real dimensions of rain cells. The MCE method shows a major advantage in identifying the circumference of rain cells. The circumference of rain cells identified by MCE in most samples is smaller than that identified by DIA and MBR, and more similar to the observed rain cells. The area of rain cells identified by MBR is relatively robust. For rain cells composed of many pixels(N> 20), the overall performance is better than that of MCE, but the contribution of MBR to the best identification results,which have the shortest circumference and the smallest area, is less than that of MCE. The DIA method is best suited to small rain cells with a circumference of less than 100 km and an area of less than 120 km^(2), but the overall performance is mediocre. The MCE method tends to achieve the highest success at any angle, whereas there are fewer “best identification”results from DIA or MBR and more of the worst ones in the along-track direction and cross-track direction. Through this comprehensive comparison, we conclude that MCE can obtain the best fitting results with the shortest circumference and the smallest area on behalf of the high filling effect for all sizes of rain cells.

关键词： TRMM minimum bounding rectangle minimum circumscribed ellipse

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Development of MoS_(2)-stainless steel catalyst by 3D printing for efficient destruction of organics via peroxymonosulfate activation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 108-117页

作者： Yufeng Liu Jianhui Xu Xin fu Pengxu Wang Dan Li yunfei Zhang Shenggui Chen Chunhui Zhang Peng Liu School of Environment and Civil Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China School of Art and Design Guangzhou Panyu PolytechnicGuangzhou 511483China Dongguan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China School of Mechanical Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China

Herein,a novel MoS_(2)-stainless steel composite material was first synthetized via a 3D printing method(3DP MoS_(2)-SS)for peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation and organics degradation.Compared with MoS_(2)-SS powder/PMS system(0.37 g/(m^(2)/min)),4.3-fold higher k_(FLO)/S_(BET)value was obtained in 3DP MoS_(2)-SS/PMS system(1.60 g/(m^(2)/min),resulting from the superior utilization of active sites.We observed that 3DP MoS_(2)-SS significantly outperformed the 3DP SS due to the enhanced electron transfer rate and increased active sites.Moreover,Mo^(4+)facilitated the Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)cycle,resulting in the rapid degradation of florfenicol(FLO).Quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra indicated that·OH,SO_(4)·^(-),O_(2)·^(-)and^(1)O_(2)were involved in the degradation of FLO.The effect of influencing factors on the degradation of FLO were evaluated,and the optimized degradation efficiency of 98.69%was achieved at 1 mM PMS and pH of 3.0.Six degradation products were detected by UPLC/MS analyses and several possible degradation pathways were proposed to be the cleavage of C-N bonds,dechlorination,hydrolysis,defluorination and hydroxylation.In addition,3DP MoS_(2)-SS/PMS system also demonstrated superior degradation performance for 2-chlorophenol,acetaminophen,ibuprofen and carbamazepine.This study provided deep insights into the MoS_(2)-SS catalyst prepared by 3DP technology for PMS activation and FLO-polluted water treatment.

关键词： 3D printing Stainless steel MoS_(2) Peroxymonosulfate activation Degradation mechanism

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Molecular-level proton acceptor boosts oxygen evolution catalysis to enable efficient industrial-scale water splitting

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第2期9卷 344-355页

作者： Yaobin Wang Qian Lu Xinlei Ge Feng Li Le Chen Zhihui Zhang Zhengping fu Yalin Lu Yang Song yunfei Bu Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control(AEMPC)UNIST-NUIST Energy and Environment Jointed Lab(UNNU)School of Environmental Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Information Science and Technology(NUIST)219 NingliuNanjing210044China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University220 HandanShanghai200433China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology School of Petrochemical EngineeringChangzhou University1 GehuChangzhou213164China Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)96 JinzhaiHefeiAnhui 230026China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology200 Xiaolingwei210094China

Industrial water splitting has long been suppressed by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER),which requires a catalyst to be efficient.Herein,we propose a molecular-level proton acceptor strategy to produce an efficient OER catalyst that can boost industrial-scale water splitting.Molecular-level phosphate(-PO_(4))group is introduced to modify the surface of PrBa_(0.5)Ca_(0.5)Co_(2)O_(5)+δ(PBCC).The achieved catalyst(PO_(4)-PBCC)exhibits significantly enhanced catalytic performance in alkaline media.Based on the X-ray absorption spectroscopy results and density functional theory(DFT)calculations,the PO_(4)on the surface,which is regarded as the Lewis base,is the key factor to overcome the kinetic limitation of the proton transfer process during the OER.The use of the catalyst in a membrane electrode assembly(MEA)is further evaluated for industrial-scale water splitting,and it only needs a low voltage of 1.66 V to achieve a large current density of 1 A cm^(-2).This work provides a new molecular-level strategy to develop highly efficient OER electrocatalysts for industrial applications.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Nanofiber Water splitting Proton acceptor Perovskite

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Impacts of Topographic Complexity on Modeling Moisture Transport and Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau in Summer

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第7期39卷 1151-1166,I0023,I0024页

作者： Gudongze LI Haoming CHEN Mingyue XU Chun ZHAO Lei ZHONG Rui LI Yunfei Fu Yanhong GAO School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Frontiers Science Center for Planetary Exploration and Emerging Technologies University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The non-hydrostatic global variable resolution model(MPAS-atmosphere)is used to conduct the simulations for the South Asian Summer monsoon season(June,July,and August)in 2015 with a refinement over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)at the convection-permitting scale(4 km).Two experiments with different topographical datasets,complex(4-km)and smooth(60-km)topography,are designed to investigate the impacts of topographical complexity on moisture transport and precipitation.Compared with the observations and reanalysis data,the simulation can successfully capture the general features of key meteorological fields over the TP despite slightly underestimating the inflow through the southern TP.The results indicate that the complex topography can decrease the inward and outward moisture transport,ultimately increasing the total net moisture transport into the TP by~11%.The impacts of complex topography on precipitation are negligible over the TP,but the spatial distributions of precipitation over the Himalayas are significantly modulated.With the inclusion of complex topography,the sharper southern slopes of the Himalayas shift the lifted airflow and hence precipitation northward compared to the smooth topography.In addition,more small-scale valleys are resolved by the inclusion of complex topography,which serve as channels for moisture transport across the Himalayas,further favoring a northward shift of precipitation.Overall,the difference between the two experiments with different topography datasets is mainly attributed to their differing representation of the degree of the southern slopes of the Himalayas and the extent to which the valleys are resolved.

关键词： convection-permitting simulation Tibetan Plateau complex topography moisture transport precipitation

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Physio-chemical modeling of the NO_(x)-O_(3) photochemical cycle and the air pollutants’ reactive dispersion around an isolated building

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建筑模拟(英文) 2023年第9期16卷 1735-1758页

作者： Yunfei Fu Xisheng Lin Xing Zheng Liangzhu Wang Chun-Ho Liu Xuelin Zhang Cruz Y.Li K.T.Tse Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina future Cities Lab Global Singapore-ETH CentreSingapore 138602 Department of Building Civil and Environmental Engineering at Concordia UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongPok-fu-lam RoadHong KongChina Department of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina

A numerical physio-chemical model of the NO_(x)-O_(3) photochemical cycle in the near-wake region of an isolated residential/office building has been presented in this study.The investigation delves into the dispersion of reactive air pollutants through the lens of fluid phenomenology and its impact on chemical reactivity,formation,transport,deposition,and removal.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations were conducted for the ground-point-source(GES)and roof-pointsource(RES)scenarios.Results show that the Damköhler number(Da),which quantifies pollutants’physio-chemical timescales,displays a strong inverse proportionality with the magnitude and spread of NO–increasing Da reduces human exposure to the toxic NO and NO_(2) substantially.When different wind directions were considered,the dispersion range of NO exhibited varying shrinking directions as Da increased.furthermore,as Da increases,the concentration ratio KNO_(2)/KNO_(x),which quantifies the production of NO_(2) resulting from NO depletion,forms sharp high-low gradients near emission sources.For GES,the dispersion pattern is governed by the fluid’s phenomenological features.For RES,the intoxicated area emanates from the building’s leading-edge,with the lack of shielding inhibiting pollutant interactions in the near-wake,resulting in scant physio-chemical coupling.The NO_(2)/NO_(x) distribution follows a self-similar,stratified pattern,exhibiting consistent layering gradients and attributing to the natural deposition of the already-reacted pollutants rather than in-situ reactions.In the end,building design guidelines have been proposed to reduce pedestrian and resident exposure to NO_(x)-O_(3).

关键词： reactive pollutant dispersion NO_(x)-O_(3)cycle air pollution isolated building physio-chemical modelling

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Extreme Cold Events from East Asia to North America in Winter 2020/21:Comparisons,Causes,and future Implications

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第4期39卷 553-565页

作者： Xiangdong ZHANG Yunfei Fu Zhe HAN James E.OVERLAND Annette RINKE Han TANG Timo VIHMA Muyin WANG Univeristy of Alaska Fairbanks FairbanksAK 99775USA University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory SeattleWA 98115USA Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research14401 PotsdamGermany Finnish Meteorological Institute FI-00101 HelsinkiFinland University of Washington SeattleWA 98105USA

Three striking and impactful extreme cold weather events successively occurred across East Asia and North America during the mid-winter of 2020/21.These events open a new window to detect possible underlying physical processes.The analysis here indicates that the occurrences of the three events resulted from integrated effects of a concurrence of anomalous thermal conditions in three oceans and interactive Arctic-lower latitude atmospheric circulation processes,which were linked and influenced by one major sudden stratospheric warming(SSW).The North Atlantic warm blob initiated an increased poleward transient eddy heat flux,reducing the Barents-Kara seas sea ice over a warmed ocean and disrupting the stratospheric polar vortex(SPV)to induce the major SSW.The Rossby wave trains excited by the North Atlantic warm blob and the tropical Pacific La Nina interacted with the Arctic tropospheric circulation anomalies or the tropospheric polar vortex to provide dynamic settings,steering cold polar air outbreaks.The long memory of the retreated sea ice with the underlying warm ocean and the amplified tropospheric blocking highs from the midlatitudes to the Arctic intermittently fueled the increased transient eddy heat flux to sustain the SSW over a long time period.The displaced or split SPV centers associated with the SSW played crucial roles in substantially intensifying the tropospheric circulation anomalies and moving the jet stream to the far south to cause cold air outbreaks to a rarely observed extreme state.The results have significant implications for increasing prediction skill and improving policy decision making to enhance resilience in“One Health,One future”.

关键词： extreme weather events sea surface temperature Arctic sea ice Arctic amplification sudden stratospheric warming stratospheric polar vortex

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Optimal Gridding Process for GMI Brightness Temperature Using the Backus−Gilbert Method

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第11期38卷 1945-1957页

作者： Guangcan CHEN Yunfei Fu School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hubei Key Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Research Institute of Heavy RainChina Meteorological AdministrationWuhan 430205China Anhui Meteorological Observatory Hefei 230031China

Satellite microwave instruments have different field of views(FOVs)in different channels.A direct average technique(“direct method”)is frequently used to generate gridded datasets in the earth science community.A large FOV will measure radiance from outside the area of a designated grid cell.Thus,the direct method will lead to errors in a measurement over a grid cell because some pixels covering areas outside of the cell are involved in the averaging process.The Backus−Gilbert method(BG method)is proposed and demonstrated to minimize those uncertainties.Three sampling resolutions(6.5 km×6.0 km,11.5 km×6.0 km,13.0 km×6.0 km)are analyzed based on the scanning characteristics of the Global Precipitation Measurement(GPM)Microwave Imager(GMI)18.9-GHz channel.Brightness temperatures(TBs)at 0.5 km×0.5 km resolution over eastern China are used to obtain synthetic 18.9-GHz TBs at the three sampling resolutions.The direct and BG methods are both applied to create a 25 km×25 km gridded dataset and their related uncertainties are analyzed.Results indicate the error variances with the direct method are 3.00,3.68 and 4.99 K2 at the three sampling resolutions,respectively.By contrast,the BG method leads to a much smaller error variance than the direct method,especially over areas with a large TB gradient.Two GMI orbital measurements are applied to verify the BG method for gridding process is reliable.The BG method could be utilized for general purpose of creating a gridded dataset.

关键词： Backus−Gilbert method optimization satellite passive microwave imager

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Efficacy and safety of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenia:a prospective,single arm,phase I trial

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2250-2259页

作者： yunfei Chen Yanmei Xu Ying Chi Ting Sun Yuchen Gao Xueqing Dou Zhibo Han Feng Xue Huiyuan Li Wei Liu Xiaofan Liu Huan Dong Rongfeng fu Mankai Ju Xinyue Dai Wentian Wang Yueshen Ma Zhen Song Jundong Gu Wei Gong Renchi Yang Lei Zhang State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology National Clinical Research Centre for Blood DiseasesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemTianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood DiseasesCAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology&Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300020China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science Tianjin 301600China National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases Jiangsu Institute of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China National Engineering Research Centre of Cell Products Tianjin Key Laboratory of Engineering Technologies for Cell PharmaceuticalAmCellGene Engineering Co.LtdTianjin 300457China School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College100730 BeijingChina

Patients with refractory immune thrombocytopenia(ITP)frequently encounter substantial bleeding risks and demonstrate limited responsiveness to existing therapies.Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs)present a promising alternative,capitalizing on their low immunogenicity and potent immunomodulatory effects for treating diverse autoimmune disorders.This prospective phase I trial enrolled eighteen eligible patients to explore the safety and efficacy of UC-MSCs in treating refractory ITP.The research design included administering UC-MSCs at escalating doses of 0.5×10^(6)cells/kg,1.0×10^(6)cells/kg,and 2.0×10^(6)cells/kg weekly for four consecutive weeks across three cohorts during the dose-escalation phase,followed by a dose of 2.0×10^(6)cells/kg weekly for the dose-expansion phase.Adverse events,platelet counts,and changes in peripheral blood immunity were monitored and recorded throughout the administration and follow-up period.Ultimately,12(with an addition of three patients in the 2.0×10^(6)cells/kg group due to dose-limiting toxicity)and six patients were enrolled in the dose-escalation and dose-expansion phase,respectively.Thirteen patients(13/18,72.2%)experienced one or more treatment emergent adverse events.Serious adverse events occurred in four patients(4/18,22.2%),including gastrointestinal hemorrhage(2/4),profuse menstruation(1/4),and acute myocardial infarction(1/4).The response rates were 41.7%in the dose-escalation phase(5/12,two received 1.0×10^(6)cells/kg per week,and three received 2.0×10^(6)cells/kg per week)and 50.0%(3/6)in the dose-expansion phase.The overall response rate was 44.4%(8/18)among all enrolled patients.To sum up,UC-MSCs are effective and well tolerated in treating refractory ITP(ClinicalTrials.gov ID:NCT04014166).

关键词： doses immunity treatment

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Structural Characteristics of Atmospheric Temperature and Humidity inside Clouds of Convective and Stratiform Precipitation in the Rainy Season over East Asia

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第5期31卷 890-905页

作者： Rui WANG Yunfei Fu School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sciences and Satellite Remote Sensing of Anhui Province Anhui Institute of Meteorological Sciences

In this study, a merged dataset constructed from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission precipitation radar rain products and Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive data is used to investigate the thermal structural characteristics of convective and stratiform precipitation in the rainy season （May-August） of 1998-2012 over East Asia. The res- ults show that the storm tops for convective precipitation are higher than those for stratiform precipitation, because of the more unstable atmospheric motions for convective precipitation. Moreover, the storm tops are higher at 1200 UTC than at 0000 UTC over land regions for both convective and stratiform precipitation, and vice versa for ocean region. Additionally, temperature anomaly patterns inside convective and stratiform precipitating clouds show a neg- ative anomaly of about 0-2 K, which results in cooling effects in the lower troposphere. This cooling is more obvi- ous at 1200 UTC for stratiform precipitation. The positive anomaly that appears in the middle troposphere is more than 2 K, with the strongest warming at 300 hPa. Relative humidity anomaly patterns show a positive anomaly in the middle troposphere （700-500 hPa） prior to the occurrence of the two types of precipitation, and the increase in mois- ture is evident for stratiform precipitation.

关键词： vertical structure of precipitation atmospheric stability temperature anomaly relative humidity anomaly

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纤维排布对CFRP感应加热固化成型过程影响表征

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北京航空航天大学学报 2024年第1期50卷 198-207页

作者：付天宇杨宁古云飞许家忠蒋悦李斌常州信息职业技术学院智能装备学院常州213164 山西大同大学计算机与网络工程学院大同037009 哈尔滨理工大学机械动力工程学院哈尔滨150080 哈尔滨理工大学自动化学院哈尔滨150080 重庆市特种设备检测研究院重庆401120

在采用电磁感应加热方式实现碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)加热固化成型的过程中,如何准确表征材料各组成部分的属性参数状态对研究材料加热过程中温度、固化度及应力场分布至关重要。根据纤维实际铺层方式对材料各组成部分进行独立表征,以及碳... 详细信息

在采用电磁感应加热方式实现碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)加热固化成型的过程中,如何准确表征材料各组成部分的属性参数状态对研究材料加热过程中温度、固化度及应力场分布至关重要。根据纤维实际铺层方式对材料各组成部分进行独立表征,以及碳纤维壳体的等效电-磁-热特性建立了CFRP感应加热有限元细观分析模型,将纤维织构和树脂基体单独建立,实现CFRP在感应加热过程中其内部纤维织构中物理场的变化规律以及对材料整体升温变化规律进行系统分析。通过该模型计算了材料温度、固化度及应力场分布的变化规律,揭示了碳纤维排布对材料感应加热效果的影响,并根据感应加热实验验证了该模型可以准确表征各物理场的分布状态。为研究CFRP在感应加热中各物理场变化规律提供了有效的计算模型和分析方法。

关键词：碳纤维感应加热温度场固化度应力场

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