检索结果-南通市图书馆

High nitrogen application rate and planting density reduce wheat grain yield by reducing filling rate of inferior grain in middle spikelets

引用

The Crop Journal 2021年第2期9卷 412-426页

作者： Yang Liu yuncheng liao Wenzhao Liu College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina

Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer and high planting density reduce grain weight in ***,the effects of high nitrogen and planting density on the filling of grain located in different positions of the wheat spikelet are unknown.A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate this question and the underlying mechanisms with respect to hormone and carbohydrate *** high nitrogen application and planting density significantly increased spike density,while reducing kernel number per spike and 1000-kernel ***,the effects of high nitrogen and high plant density on kernel number per spike and 1000-kernel weight were *** inhibitory effect of high nitrogen application and high planting density on kernel number per spike was achieved mainly by a reduction in kernel number per spikelet in the top and bottom ***,the decrease in 1000-kernel weight was contributed mainly by the reduced weight of grain in the middle *** grain-filling rate of inferior grain in the middle spikelets was significantly decreased under high nitrogen input and high planting density conditions,particularly during the early and middle grain-filling periods,leading to the suppression of grain filling and consequent decrease in grain *** effect resulted mainly from inhibited sucrose transport to and starch accumulation in inferior grain in the middle spikelets via reduction of the abscisic acid/ethylene *** mechanism may explain how high nitrogen application and high planting density inhibit the grain filling of inferior wheat grain.

关键词： Nitrogen Plant density Wheat Grain filling Sucrose transport

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Removal of superior wheat kernels promotes filling of inferior kernels by changing carbohydrate metabolism and sink strength

引用

The Crop Journal 2021年第6期9卷 1375-1385页

作者： Jian Luo Zhui Li Fei Mo yuncheng liao Yang Liu College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina

Poor filling and low weight of inferior kernels limit the further improvement of wheat yield. Two cultivars, Shuangda 1 and Xinong 538, with different grain weights, were selected to investigate the physiological changes of inferior kernels by removal of superior kernels(RS) at the flowering stage. i TRAQ combined with physiological indexes was used to identify factors limiting the filling of inferior *** of superior kernels significantly increased the mean filling rate of inferior kernels and thus increased their weight. A set of 6012 proteins in inferior wheat kernels were differentially expressed between the RS and control. These differentially expressed proteins were involved mainly in carbon metabolism and energy metabolism. The main reason for the promoting effect of RS on the filling of inferior kernels may be that RS downregulated proteins involved in glycolysis and pyruvate metabolism while upregulating proteins involved in carbon fixation and photosynthesis. Consequently, RS greatly increased the ATP content in inferior kernels, supplying energy for them to absorb photosynthetic assimilates. Removal of superior kernels increased the activities of sucrose synthase, soluble starch synthase,adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase, and starch branching enzyme in inferior kernels and promoted starch accumulation in them. Thus, RS promoted the filling of inferior kernels and increased their weight. The promoting effect of RS on starch synthesis in inferior kernels was associated with their endogenous IAA and ABA levels.

关键词： Inferior grain Grain filling Carbohydrate Sink strength Wheat

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Quantitative Proteomics Analysis Identifies the Potential Mechanism Underlying Yellow-Green Leave Mutant in Wheat

引用

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第4期90卷 1147-1159页

作者： Wei Zheng Zheng Shi Mei Long yuncheng liao College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China

Enhancing photosynthesis efficiency is considered as one of the most crucial targets during wheat ***,the molecular basis underlying high photosynthesis efficiency is not well understood up to *** this study,we investigated the protein expression profile of wheat Jimai5265yg mutant,which is a yellow-green mutant with chlorophylls b deficiency but high photosynthesis *** TMT-labeling quantitative proteomics analysis,a total of 72 differential expressed proteins(DEPs)were obtained between the mutant and wild type(WT).GO analysis found that they significantly enriched in thylakoid membrane,pigment binding,magnesium chelatase activity and response to light *** analysis showed that they involved in photosynthesis-antenna protein as well as porphyrin and chlorophyll ***,118 RNA editing events were found between mutant and WT *** A to C editing in the 3-UTR of TraesCS6D02G401500 lead to its high expression in mutant through removing the inhibition of tae-miR9781,which might have vital role in regulating the yellow-green *** study provided some useful clues about the molecular basis of Jimai5265yg mutant as well as chlorophylls metabolism in wheat.

关键词： Wheat photosynthesis yellow-green mutant quantitative proteomics

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Combining conservation tillage with nitrogen fertilization promotes maize straw decomposition by regulating soil microbial community and enzyme activities

引用

Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 783-796页

作者： Houping ZHANG Xueqin TANG Quanming HOU Yuanpeng ZHU Zhangheng REN Huanxin XIE yuncheng liao Weiyan WANG Xiaoxia WEN College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Straw return can effectively improve farmland soil microenvironment and ***,excessive straw in the topsoil adversely affects seed germination and crop *** present,the characteristics and key driving factors of straw decomposition in dry farmlands are *** on the interactions between tillage practices including zero tillage(ZT),chisel tillage(CT),and plow tillage(PT)and nitrogen(N)fertilization,i.e.,low N(N1,180 kg ha^(-1)),normal N(N2,240 kg ha^(-1)),and high N(N3,300 kg ha^(-1)),quantitative polymerase chain reaction technology and an enzymatic detection kit were used to investigate the effects of key straw C-degrading enzyme activities and microbial abundance in soil on maize straw decomposition during the growth period of winter wheat in the winter wheat/summer maize double cropping system in a dry farmland of the Loess Plateau,*** 2018 and 2020,ZT and CT significantly increased winter wheat yield(by 10.94%and 12.79%,respectively)and straw decomposition velocity(by 20%and 26.67%,respectively),compared with *** to N1 and N3,N2 significantly increased wheat yield(by 4.65%and 5.31%,respectively)and straw decomposition velocity(by 26.33%and 13.21%,respectively).The partial least squares pathway modelling showed significant positive direct effects of soil moisture,NO3-,NH4+,total N,bacteria,and cellulase,laccase,and xylanase activities on straw decomposition,while soil pH,fungi,and Actinomycetes had significant negative direct ***,conservation tillage(ZT and CT)combined with N2 was beneficial for straw decomposition in the drylands of the Loess Plateau and improved straw resource utilization and basic soil *** results of the study clarified the key drivers of straw decomposition in dry farmlands and provided new ideas for developing updated soil management practices and adaptive N application strategies to promote the resource utilization of straw and achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon ne

关键词： hydrolytic enzyme microbial biomass oxidative enzyme straw decomposition velocity tillage practice

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

潮虫消耗木本植物凋落物的可选择性试验

引用

生态学报 2013年第2期33卷 475-482页

作者：刘燕廖允成西北农林科技大学杨凌712100 伯尔尼大学生态与进化学院瑞士伯尔尼3012

近年来,越来越多的学者关注外来植物入侵对土壤生态功能的影响效应及其相应反馈机制的探索与研究,然而本地原生土壤生物群落对不同入侵程度下的外来植物种以及本地原生植物种之间是否存在消耗差异却尚不明了。通过等足目潮虫的选择性喂... 详细信息

近年来,越来越多的学者关注外来植物入侵对土壤生态功能的影响效应及其相应反馈机制的探索与研究,然而本地原生土壤生物群落对不同入侵程度下的外来植物种以及本地原生植物种之间是否存在消耗差异却尚不明了。通过等足目潮虫的选择性喂养试验来测试10个本地种、5个非入侵性外来种和5个强入侵性外来种之间的适口性差异,试图求证外来植物的入侵性是否与植物落叶被消耗率呈现必然联系。数据分析结果显示潮虫对本地种、非入侵性外来种和入侵性外来种的消耗并无显著差异;而潮虫对不同生活型下木本植物的取食却存在显著差异,即灌木消耗率显著高于乔木。其次,通过植物初始性状指标(包括木质素、纤维素、半纤维素、碳、氮含量)与相应消耗率的相关比较,消耗量总体上与植物凋落物的氮含量呈正相关关系(R2=0.358)。由此,研究结论强调植物落叶的降解速率并不一定与植物入侵性或入侵阶段呈绝对相互关连,但是氮含量,抑或各种形式的植物氮元素成分都可能在一定程度上参与并影响着外来植物的入侵进程。

关键词：土壤生物异地种生活型适口性植物初始性状氮

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

毛乌素沙地农牧生态系统能值分析与耦合关系

引用

生态学报 2011年第9期31卷 2559-2566页

作者：胡兵辉廖允成西北农林科技大学农学院陕西杨陵712100 西南林业大学环境科学与工程系昆明650224

针对毛乌素沙地脆弱农业生态系统生产力实际,根据复合生态系统耦合理论,借助能值理论及分析方法,选择毛乌素沙地偏农区的榆阳区和偏牧区的乌审旗为比较研究对象,对两地近27 a的农牧耦合系统初级生产力、次级生产力及系统耦合状况进行了... 详细信息

针对毛乌素沙地脆弱农业生态系统生产力实际,根据复合生态系统耦合理论,借助能值理论及分析方法,选择毛乌素沙地偏农区的榆阳区和偏牧区的乌审旗为比较研究对象,对两地近27 a的农牧耦合系统初级生产力、次级生产力及系统耦合状况进行了对比分析,探讨性提出了区域农牧系统耦合程度的演变规律。结果表明,榆阳区是偏农型的农牧耦合产业发展模式,乌审旗是偏牧型的牧农耦合产业发展模式;榆阳区有以耗粮型生猪、禽类生产为主的势头,乌审旗有以节粮型草食动物生产为主的势头;榆阳区和乌审旗的初级生产力、次级生产力及A(有效能值利用率)、B(单位低质能产品转化成高质能产品率)、SCD(系统耦合度)值均沿时间序列增大,且SCD值有呈三阶段型增长的规律性。依据研究结果,最后提出了毛乌素沙地农牧生态系统耦合发展的途径,以期能为沙地农牧生态系统稳健发展提供可靠的理论支撑与政策导向。

关键词：农牧生态系统耦合关系能值分析毛乌素沙地

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

中国旱区沟垄集雨栽培技术研究进展及展望

引用

西北农业学报 2014年第2期23卷 1-9页

作者：吴伟廖允成西北农林科技大学农学院陕西杨凌712100

开发节水栽培技术一直是全世界农业研究的热点问题。近些年,沟垄集雨栽培技术已经逐渐发展成为中国旱区的主要耕作栽培技术。本文从沟垄集雨栽培技术的概念、基本理论原理、栽培带型、覆盖材料、水分动态变化及其对农作物光合特性及产... 详细信息

开发节水栽培技术一直是全世界农业研究的热点问题。近些年,沟垄集雨栽培技术已经逐渐发展成为中国旱区的主要耕作栽培技术。本文从沟垄集雨栽培技术的概念、基本理论原理、栽培带型、覆盖材料、水分动态变化及其对农作物光合特性及产量的影响等方面综述沟垄集雨栽培技术的研究现状,提出沟垄集雨栽培技术所面临的问题,并展望该技术的未来发展,旨在对沟垄集雨栽培技术的发展提供理论参考。

关键词：旱区沟垄集雨节水栽培技术持续农业

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The impact of conservation tillage treatments on soil bacterial communities and soil properties in the dryland region of northern China

The impact of conservation tillage treatments on soil bacter...

引用

中国作物学会——2015年学术年会

作者： Ziting Wan Lu Liu Qin Chen Xiaoxia Wen yuncheng liao College of Agronomy Northwest A&F University

Conservation tillage is widely utilized in the dryland regions of northern *** treatments can generate changes in the physical and chemical properties of the soil,affecting the soil bacterial ***,knowledge on the effect of conservation tillage on soil bacterial communities and the correlation between physicochemical soil properties and the bacterial community composition is very ***,we investigated the influence of five-years conservation tillage treatments on soil physical and chemical properties and soil bacterial communities in dryland region of northern *** studied soil bacterial community of Plow Tillage(PT),Zero tillage(ZT),and Chisel plow tillage(CPT)by using high throughput sequencing technology and quantitative *** results demonstrate that among the three tillage treatments,ZT was most similar to CPT,and most distinct from PT,using taxonomic and phylogenetic *** to PT,CPT and ZT had notable increases in the abundance of Firmicutes,and decreased abundance of most other phyla(including Actinobacteria,Acidobacteria,and Alphaproteobacteria).Conservation tillage more strongly influenced the composition of the soil microbiota and taxonomic distribution than phylogenetic *** bacterial diversity and community structure were affected by changes to soil texture(clay/silt/sand fraction)caused by tillage *** had an intermediate H’value and Simpson’s index due to the less disruptive agriculture practices that lead to a more abundant soil bacterial ***,our study showed that CPT and ZT can modify and improve the soil bacterial community to produce more stable and sustainable soil ecosystems in the dryland regions of northern China.

关键词： Conservation tillage Soil properties Soil bacterial community Dryland region Northern China

来源： cnki会议评论

在线全文

cnki会议

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

设施农业与中国农业现代化建设

引用

农业现代化研究 1999年第1期20卷 5-8页

作者：廖允成王立祥西北农业大学农学系

通过对世界及中国农业发展形势的分析得出：①中国特色的农业现代化——控制人口、节约资源、集约经营、保护生态并重的现代集约持续农业，是中国农业生产发展的必然选择；②设施农业是中国农业资源集约高效利用的重要途径，必将成为中... 详细信息

通过对世界及中国农业发展形势的分析得出：①中国特色的农业现代化——控制人口、节约资源、集约经营、保护生态并重的现代集约持续农业，是中国农业生产发展的必然选择；②设施农业是中国农业资源集约高效利用的重要途径，必将成为中国特色农业现代化的重要组成部分，并最终促使中国农业实现由传统农业向现代化农业的飞跃。

关键词：农业现代化设施农业集约持续发展

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

黄绿叶突变体冀麦5265yg的光合生理特性分析

引用

中国农业科学 2021年第21期54卷 4539-4551页

作者：郑伟师筝龙美廖允成西北农林科技大学农学院

【目的】叶色突变体是研究叶绿素合成、叶绿体发育和光合作用的理想材料,探索小麦黄绿叶突变体的光合生理特性,旨在阐明其光合作用调控机理,为小麦黄绿叶突变体的进一步利用奠定基础。【方法】以野生型冀麦5265和突变体冀麦5265yg为试... 详细信息

【目的】叶色突变体是研究叶绿素合成、叶绿体发育和光合作用的理想材料,探索小麦黄绿叶突变体的光合生理特性,旨在阐明其光合作用调控机理,为小麦黄绿叶突变体的进一步利用奠定基础。【方法】以野生型冀麦5265和突变体冀麦5265yg为试验材料,对叶色表型进行观察,采用分光光度计和试剂盒法测定色素含量和酶活性,并利用Li-6400便携式光合仪和PAM100叶绿素荧光仪进行光合气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数测定。【结果】表型观察和色素含量结果表明,突变体苗期叶片表现为黄绿色,抽穗后叶片逐渐转变为淡绿色。遮阴处理可以使叶片颜色部分复绿,但比野生型略浅,属于光诱导转绿型突变体。突变体叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量显著低于野生型,叶绿素a/b的比值升高,为典型的叶绿素缺乏型突变体;光响应曲线和CO响应曲线显示,突变体的表观量子效率(AQY)、光饱和点(LSP)、最大净光合速率(P)、光补偿点(LCP)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)、羧化效率(CE)和饱和CO浓度(I)显著高于野生型,说明突变体叶片的光合机构稳定,强光下光合速率更高;光合气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光动力学参数表明,突变体的净光合速率(P)、蒸腾速率(T)、气孔导度(G)、光化学量子效率(F/F)、实际光化学效率(ΦPSII)和光化学淬灭系数(qP)显著高于野生型,说明其具有较强的光能转化和CO固定能力;突变体的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均高于野生型,丙二醛(MDA)含量下降,可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量升高,说明抗氧化酶系统通过清除氧自由基降低了氧化损伤,突变体叶片细胞膜损害减轻,抗逆性增强;突变体的核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶(Rubisco)活性显著低于野生型,磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPC)活性显著高于野生型,推测C途径光合酶PEPC活性的升高可能是突变体具有较高净光合速率的原因之一。花后遮阴以及外源喷施抗坏血酸AsA和二硫苏糖醇DTT处理表明,突变体对光强变化更敏感、叶片内AsA含量及叶黄素循环效率更高。【结论】黄绿叶突变体冀麦5265yg叶片气孔导度明显改善、热耗散降低、C途径光合酶活性升高,是其光合速率提高的主要原因。该结果为小麦叶色突变体高光合特性的分子调控机制研究奠定基础。

关键词：小麦黄绿叶突变体光合气体交换参数叶绿素荧光参数酶活性

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：