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characteristics and outcomes of chronic liver disease patients with acute deteriorated liver function by severity of underlying liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第14期22卷 3785-3792页

作者： yun.Soo Hong dong Hyun.Sinn Geum-Youn Gwak Juhee cho Danbee Kang Yong-han Paik Moon Seok choi Joon Hyeok Lee Kwang cheol Koh Seung Woon Paik Department of Medicine Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Department of Health Sciences and Technology SAIHST Sungkyunkwan University Deaprtment of Health Behavior and Society and Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

AIM: To analyze characteristics and outcome of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure(AcLF) according to the severity of underlying liver disease. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-seven adult patients with chronic liver disease and acute deteriorated liver function, defined by jaundice and coagulopathy, were analyzed. Predisposition, type of injury, response, organ failure, and survival were analyzed and compared between patients with non-cirrhosis(type A), cirrhosis(type B) and cirrhosis with previous decompensation(type c).RESULTS: The predisposition was mostly hepatitis B in type A, while it was alcoholic liver disease in typesB and c. Injury was mostly hepatic in type A, but was non-hepatic in type c. Liver failure, defined by cLIF-SOFA, was more frequent in types A and B, and circulatory failure was more frequent in type c. The 30-d overall survival rate(85.3%, 81.1% and 83.7% for types A, B and c, respectively, P = 0.31) and the 30-d transplant-free survival rate(55.9%, 65.5% and 62.5% for types A, B and c, respectively P = 0.33) were not different by AcLF subtype, but 1-year overall survival rate were different(85.3%, 71.7% and 58.7% for types A, B and c, respectively, P = 0.02).cONcLUSION: There were clear differences in predisposition, type of injury, accompanying organ failure and long-term mortality according to spectrum of chronic liver disease, implying classifying subtype according to the severity of underlying liver disease is useful for defining, clarifying and comparing AcLF.

关键词： Acute-on chronic liver failure classification Injury Organ failure Survival

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Development of a consolidated Anaerobic Digester and Microbial Fuel cell to Produce Biomethane and Electricity from cellulosic Biomass Using Bovine Rumen Microorganisms

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2019年第2期9卷 17-28页

作者： Rebecca chung Eunice Yujin Kang yun.Jae Shin Justin Jong Park Peter Sang Park chang Hyun.han Byun.jun Kim seog In Moon Jooheon Park Paul Sung chung centreville High School Clifton VA USA West Springfield High School Springfield VA USA Department of Biological Science University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Biology College of Arts & Science Cornell University Ithaca NY USA Biological Science Mellon College of Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Biology Amherst College Amherst MA USA Biology Science Program University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Fuzbien Technology Institute (FTI) Rockville USA

Microbial fuel cells (MFcs) are bioelectrochemical systems that convert chemical energy contained in organic matter into electrical energy by using the catalytic (metabolic) activity of living microorganisms. Mediator-less two chamber H-type MFcs were constructed in the current study, using dairy digester microbial population as anode inocula to convert finely ground pine tree (Avicel) at 2% (w/v) to electricity. MFcs were placed at 37°c and after the circuit voltage was stabilized on d9, bovine rumen microorganisms cultured anaerobically for 48 hrs in cellulose broth media were added to treatment group of MFc at 1% v/v dosage. MFc power and current across an external resistor were measured daily for 10 d. At the end of incubation on d19 head space gas and anode chamber liquid solutions were collected and analyzed for total gas volume and composition, and volatile fatty acids, respectively. Addition of enriched rumen microorganisms to anaerobic anode chamber increased cellulose digestibility and increased both cO2 and methane production;however, it decreased the methane to cO2 ratio. Over the experimental period, electricity generation was increased with rumen microorganism addition, and power density normalized to anode surface area was 17.6 to 67.2 mW/m2 with average of 36.0 mW/m2 in treatment, while control group had 3.6 to 21.6 (AVE 12.0) mW/m2. These observations imply that biocatalysis in MFcs requires additional cellulolytic activities to utilize structural biomass in bioenergy production.

关键词： Microbial Fuel cells (MFcs) Bovine Rumen Bacteria Bioenergy

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