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Production of ultrafine iron powder by low-temperature hydrogen reduction: properties change with temperature

Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第11期31卷 2645-2654页

作者： Min Gan En-di Guo Hao-rui Li yun-can cao Xiao-hui Fan Zhi-yun Ji Zeng-qing Sun School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083HunanChina

Ultrafine iron powder is widely used due to its excellent performance. Hydrogen reduction of fine-grained high-purity iron concentrate to prepare ultrafine iron powder has the advantages of low energy consumption, pollution-free, and low cost. The hydrogen reduction of high-purity iron concentrates, characterized by the maximum particle size of 6.43 μm when the cumulative distribution is 50% and the maximum particle size of 11.85 μm when the cumulative distribution is 90% while the total iron content of 72.10%, was performed. The hydrogen reduction could be completed at 425 ℃, and the purity of ultrafine iron powders was more than 99 wt.% in the range of 425–650 ℃. Subsequently, the effect of reduction temperature on various properties of ultrafine iron powder was investigated, including particle morphology, particle size, specific surface area, lattice parameters, bulk density, and reaction activity. It was found that the reaction activity of the iron powders prepared by hydrogen reduction was much higher than that of the products of carbonyl and liquid phase synthesis. Below 500 ℃, the reduced iron powders were nearly unbound, with a small particle size and a low bulk density. The particles had a porous surface, with a specific surface area as high as 11.31 m^(2) g^(−1). The crystallization of reduced iron powders was imperfect at this time, the amorphization degree was prominent, and the interior contained a high mechanical storage energy, which had shown high reaction reactivity. It was suitable for catalysts, metal fuels, and other functionalized applications.

关键词： High-purity iron concentrate Hydrogen reduction Ultrafine iron powder Mechanical activation High reaction activity

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Advancing gravitational theory through the tetrahedral constellation gravitational wave observatory

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 197-198页

作者： yun-Yong Wang Zhou-Jian cao Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing102206China

The Tetrahedral Constellation Gravitational Wave Observatory(TEGO)[1]represents a significant leap forward in gravitational wave detection,advancing our understanding of gravitational *** introducing a fourth spacecraft to form a tetrahedral configuration,TEGO enhances traditional triangular setups,enabling the simultaneous sensitivity to all six gravitational wave polarization modes,including those not predicted by general relativity.

关键词： wave polarization theory

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Mitophagy in acute central nervous system injuries:regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potentials

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2437-2453页

作者： Siyi Xu Junqiu Jia Rui Mao Xiang cao yun Xu Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalClinical College of Jiangsu UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Nanjing Neurology Medical Center NanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Acute central nervous system injuries,including ischemic stro ke,intracerebral hemorrhage,subarachnoid hemorrhage,traumatic brain injury,and spinal co rd injury,are a major global health *** optimal therapies and improving the long-term neurological functions of patients with acute central nervous system injuries are urgent *** are susceptible to damage after acute central nervous system injury,and this leads to the release of toxic levels of reactive oxygen species,which induce cell ***,a selective form of autophagy,is crucial in eliminating redundant or damaged mitochondria during these *** evidence has highlighted the significant role of mitophagy in acute central nervous system *** this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of the process,classification,and related mechanisms of *** also highlight the recent developments in research into the role of mitophagy in various acute central nervous system injuries and drug therapies that regulate *** the final section of this review,we emphasize the potential for treating these disorders by focusing on mitophagy and suggest future research paths in this area.

关键词： autophagy intracerebral hemorrhage ischemic stroke mitochondria mitochondrial biogenesis mitochondrial quality control mitophagy spinal cord injury subarachnoid hemorrhage traumatic brain injury

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Xiangshao Granules Ameliorate Post-stroke Depression by Inhibiting Activation of Microglia and IDO1 Expression in Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2025年第1期31卷 28-38页

作者： LI Cheng-gang XU Lu-shan SUN Liang XU Yu-hao cao Xiang ZHAO Chen-chen XIA Sheng-nan ZHANG Qing-xiu XU yun Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing210008China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases Nanjing UniversityNanjing210008China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing210008China Nanjing Neurology Medical Center Nanjing210008China

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Xiangshao Granules(XSG)on post-stroke depression(PSD)and explore the underlying *** Forty-three C57BL/6J mice were divided into 3 groups:sham(n=15),PSD+vehicle(n=14),and PSD+XSG(n=14)groups according to a random number *** PSD models were constructed using chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)after middle cerebral artery occlusion(Mcao).The sham group only experienced the same surgical operation,but without MACO and CUMS *** XSG group received XSG(60 mg/kg per day)by gavage for 4 *** mice in the sham and vehicle groups were given the same volume of 0.9%saline at the same *** body weight and behavior tests including open field test,sucrose preference test,tail suspension test,and elevated plus-maze test,were used to validate the PSD mouse ***-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of *** potential molecular mechanisms were explored and verified through network pharmacology analysis,Nissl staining,Western blot,ELISA,and RT-qPCR,*** The body weight and behavior tests showed that Mcao combined with CUMS successfully established the PSD *** alleviated neuronal damage,reduced the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins Caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2)-associated X(BAX),and increased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2 in PSD mice(P<0.05 or P<0.01).XSG inhibited microglial activation and the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,and IL-6 via the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway in PSD mice(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Furthermore,XSG decreased the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase1(IDO1)and increased the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine in PSD mice(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion XSG could reverse

关键词： post-stroke depression Xiangshao Granules indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 Chinese medicine

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Analysis of Health-Related Quality of Life and Influencing Factors among Elderly Residents in Southwest China

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2025年第1期13卷 300-315页

作者： Xuang cao Xueyin Liang Wei Wu Wei Su Donggang Liu yun Zhou School of Clinical Medicine Yunnan Pharmaceutical and Health Career College Kunming China School of Medicine Xian Siyuan College Xian China College of Nursing and Rehabilitation North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan China College of Engineering Dali University Dali China School of Public Health Dali University Dali China

Objective: The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) theory was used to assess the health quality of elderly residents in Southwest China. This was done by using the European Five-Dimensional Health Scale in a comprehensive manner and by analysing the factors influencing it. The findings will provide new perspectives and ideas for improving the health-related quality of life of the elderly population and enhancing the precise health management of elderly residents. Methods: The response data of 1892 elderly residents in southwestern China were included in the analysis based on the CLHLS data. The factors influencing the occurrence of problems, EQ-VAS scores and health utility values were analysed by logistic regression, multiple linear regression and Tobit regression, respectively. Results: The primary health concerns among the elderly population in the Southwest region were limited ability to perform daily activities and pain or discomfort. These individuals exhibited an EQ-VAS self-assessment score of 66.51 ± 14.87 and a health utility value of 0.87 (0.70, 1.00). Gender, age, regular medical check-ups, exercise habits and the prevalence of chronic diseases are the main influencing factors. Conclusions: The health quality of elderly people in Southwest China needs to be improved, and a comprehensive management strategy can be adopted in terms of lifestyle management, health needs management and disease management to improve the quality of their healthy lives and promote the development of healthy ageing.

关键词： Southwest Elderly Residents Health Management Health-Related Quality of Life European 5-Dimensional Health Assessment Scale

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Continuum of glucose and bone metabolism impairment across autonomous cortisol secretion: A cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2025年第3期16卷 134-145页

作者： Min-Min Han Xiao-Ming cao Zi-Ang Liu Yi Zhang yun-Feng Liu Department of Endocrinology First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030000Shanxi ProvinceChina Department of Urology First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030000Shanxi ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacology Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030000Shanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Autonomous cortisol secretion(ACS)is linked to a higher prevalence of metabolic abnormalities and an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular *** To evaluate glucose and bone metabolism in patients with ACS using a continuous glucose monitoring system(CGMS)and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA).METHODS Patients diagnosed with ACS,including Cushing syndrome,mild ACS(MACS),and nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma(NFAI),were recruited for this *** variability and glycemic status were assessed using *** bone mineral content(BMC),bone mineral density(BMD),and bone area(BA)were evaluated using ***-and DXA-derived parameters were compared across the subgroups of *** analysis was performed to examine relationships between varying degrees of cortisol secretion,measured by cortisol after 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test(DST)or 24-hour urine free cortisol(24h UFC),and CGMS-or DXA-derived *** A total of 64 patients with ACS were included in this study:19 with Cushing syndrome,11 with MACS,and 34 with *** variability,time above range(TAR),and time in range(TIR)along with specific areal BMC,BMD,and BA,differed significantly between groups of Cushing syndrome and NFAI.A significant positive correlation was observed between glucose variability or TAR and cortisol after 1 mg overnight DST or 24h *** contrast,TIR,along with regional BMC,BMD,and BA,were negatively correlated with varying degrees of cortisol *** Glucose and bone metabolism impairments are on a continuum alteration from NFAI to MACS and Cushing *** attention should be given to these patients with ACS,especially those with mild hormone *** of glucose variability and glycemic status along with bone condition in regions rich in cancellous bone will provide valuable information.

关键词： Continuous glucose monitoring system Glucose variability Time in range Autonomous cortisol secretion Bone mineral content Bone mineral density Bone area

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Deciphering fungal metabolon coupling tandem inverse-electrondemand Diels-Alder reaction and semipinacol rearrangement for the biosynthesis of spiro polycyclic alkaloids

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 288-296页

作者： Shuai Liu Wen-Qiang Xu Ying-Tong Di Man-Cheng Tang Ding-Kang Chen Ming-Ming cao Yao-Wen Chang Hong-Yu Tang Chun-Mao Yuan Jun-Bo Yang Zhi-Li Zuo Han Guo Zi-Fei Xu Ying Zeng yun-Dong Wu Xiao-Jiang Hao Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines(Chinese Academy of Sciences) Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism School of Life Sciences&BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550014China Molecular Biology Experimental Center Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest ChinaKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China

In the intricate process of natural product biosynthesis,a metabolon can enhance metabolic flux by associating sequential enzymes.A fungal metabolon,comprising of flavin-dependent monooxygenase Spe F and P450 monooxygenase Spe G,is identified in the biosynthesis of spiro polycyclic alkaloids(+)-notoamide B and its diastereomer(+)-versicolamide *** notoamide E as a substance,Spe F/Spe G metabolon can control the stereoselectivity of its 2,3-epoxidation,followed by hydrogen atom ion at C-17 to generate reactive epoxide tau-m A with dienyl iminium ***,(+)-notoamide B and(+)-versicolamide B are produced via tandem nonenzymatic inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction and semipinacol *** provides the first example of metabolon in the biosynthesis of spiro-prenylated indole alkaloids.

关键词： metabolon Diels-Alder reaction semipinacol rearrangement biosynthesis notoamides spiro polycyclic alkaloids

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CaH2-promoted activity of Ni-carbonate interface for CO_(2) methanation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 522-532页

作者： Jin-Peng Wang Guo-Cui Mao Hui-Lin Jiang Bao-Xia Dong yun-Lei Teng School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225002JiangsuChina

Transition metal-carbonate interfaces often act as active sites in heterogeneous catalytic *** interface between transition metal and metal carbonate exhibits a dynamic equilibrium during the CO_(2)hydrogenation reaction,involving surface carbonate hydrogenation and CO_(2)***,there have been few reports on engineering the activity of the interface between transition metal and alkaline earth metal carbonate for catalytic CO_(2)*** work demonstrated that the incorporation of CaH_(2)in Ni/CaCO_(3)enhances the CO_(2)methanation activity of the *** CO_(2)conversion for Ni/CaH_(2)-CaCO_(3)reached 68.5%at 400°C,which was much higher than that of the Ni/CaCO_(3)(31.6%) and Ni/CaH_(2)-cao (42.4%) ***,the Ni/CaH_(2)-CaCO_(3)catalysts remained stable during the stability test for 24 h at 400°C and 8 *** research revealed that CaH_(2)played a crucial role in promoting the activity of the Ni-carbonate interface for CO_(2)***_(2)could modify the electronic structure of Ni and tune the structural properties of CaCO_(3)to generate medium basic sites (OH groups),which are favorable for the activation of H2and CO_(2).In-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis combined with density functional theory calculations demonstrated that CO_(2)activation occurs at the hydroxyl group (OH) on the CaH_(2)-modified Ni-carbonate surface,leading to the formation of CO_(3)H****,our study has confirmed that CO_(2)methanation over the Ni/CaH_(2)-CaCO_(3)catalysts proceeds via the formate pathway.

关键词： CO_(2)methanation Metal hydride Ni catalysts Carbonate Metal-carbonate interface

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司美格鲁肽联用恩格列净致胃潴留合并酮症酸中毒

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药物不良反应杂志 2025年第1期27卷 56-58页

作者：鹿云曹方唐正和济南市第八人民医院内分泌科济南271104

1例35岁男性2型糖尿病患者长期口服二甲双胍+达格列净降糖治疗,因血糖控制不佳、超重等,调整为司美格鲁肽(0.25 mg皮下注射、1次/周)+二甲双胍恩格列净(1片口服、2次/d)。患者首次用药后即出现腹胀及明显饱腹感,未重视,继续服用二甲双... 详细信息

1例35岁男性2型糖尿病患者长期口服二甲双胍+达格列净降糖治疗,因血糖控制不佳、超重等,调整为司美格鲁肽(0.25 mg皮下注射、1次/周)+二甲双胍恩格列净(1片口服、2次/d)。患者首次用药后即出现腹胀及明显饱腹感,未重视,继续服用二甲双胍恩格列净,3 d后出现上腹部持续性胀痛,实验室检查示血酮体(β-羟丁酸)4.70 mmol/L。予兰索拉唑、山莨菪碱、甲氧氯普胺和地佐辛治疗后不能缓解,予胃肠减压术后腹痛症状较前好转。即行腹部CT检查,提示胃潴留。考虑患者胃潴留与应用司美格鲁肽有关。次日实验室检查示二氧化碳结合力12.36 mmol/L,考虑发生酮症酸中毒,与恩格列净有关。停用原降糖方案,予胰岛素泵入治疗并监测血糖,禁食禁水,予胃肠减压、补液、抑酸等,患者症状明显减轻,酮体水平逐渐下降。治疗3 d后患者开始进食;6 d后恢复正常饮食,未再出现腹痛、腹胀等不适。酮体、二氧化碳结合力逐渐恢复正常,调整降糖方案为赖脯胰岛素+阿卡波糖。

关键词：胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂胃潴留糖尿病酮症酸中毒司美格鲁肽恩格列净

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液氮循环冷冲击作用下高温花岗岩I型断裂特性研究

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岩土力学 2025年第2期46卷 422-436页

作者：薛熠杨博鹍刘勇孙强张云曹正正西安理工大学岩土工程研究所陕西西安710048 河南理工大学瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理国家重点实验室培育基地河南焦作454000 西安科技大学能源学院陕西西安710054

液氮循环压裂技术是一种环境友好且高效的新型无水压裂方法,通过多次液氮冷却作用在干热岩中产生显著的热应力,从而有效地对干热岩储层进行致裂和增渗。为了揭示液氮循环冷冲击作用对干热岩断裂特性及损伤特征的影响机制,对花岗岩试样... 详细信息

液氮循环压裂技术是一种环境友好且高效的新型无水压裂方法,通过多次液氮冷却作用在干热岩中产生显著的热应力,从而有效地对干热岩储层进行致裂和增渗。为了揭示液氮循环冷冲击作用对干热岩断裂特性及损伤特征的影响机制,对花岗岩试样进行不同循环次数的高温加热-液氮冷却处理,通过三点弯曲试验对处理后的花岗岩试样物理力学特性(包括断裂韧度和破裂特征)进行了分析。基于三维激光扫描技术和分形理论对三点弯曲试验后花岗岩断口表面形貌特征及断面粗糙度进行了定量评价。采用数值方法,利用随机四参数生成法重构非均质花岗岩基质,建立了热-力耦合的混合相场模型,对不同液氮循环次数下高温花岗岩的微裂隙演化及宏观断裂过程进行模拟,分析了液氮循环冷冲击作用对高温花岗岩宏观断裂特性的影响。试验和数值结果表明:高温加热-液氮冷却循环作用会加剧花岗岩的损伤程度,导致断裂韧度等力学参数显著下降。断面分形维数以及形态特征参数与循环次数呈显著正相关,在高循环次数下断面展现出复杂曲折的宏观主裂纹扩展路径。热-力耦合混合相场模型能够有效再现高温加热-液氮冷却循环作用下花岗岩的热-力开裂行为。花岗岩的热损伤主要集中在最大拉伸应变能区域。液氮循环作用下,高温花岗岩的微破裂主要由温度梯度和相邻矿物颗粒之间的热膨胀变形差异引起。液氮循环冷却诱导的微裂隙使得花岗岩I型断裂的扩展路径更加曲折和复杂。

关键词：液氮花岗岩断裂韧度断面粗糙度相场法

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