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Advances in functional MRI research in bipolar disorder:from the perspective of mood states

General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 33-43页

作者： Yankun Wu yun-ai Su Linlin Zhu Jitao Li Tianmei Si Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology Peking University Sixth HospitalPeking University Institute of Mental HealthNHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University)National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital)BeijingChina Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental HealthNHC Key Laboratoryof Mental Health(Peking University)National Clinical Research Centerfor Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital)BeijingChina

Bipolar disorder is characterised by recurrent and alternating episodes of mania/hypomania and depression.Current breakthroughs in functional MRI techniques have uncovered the functional neuroanatomy of bipolar disorder.However,the pathophysiology underlying mood instability,mood switching and the development of extreme mood states is less well understood.This reviewpresents a comprehensive overviewof current evidence from functional MRI studies from the perspective of mood states.We first summarise the disrupted brain activation patterns and functional connectivity that have been reported in bipolar disorder,irrespective of the mood state.We next focus on research that solely included patients in a single mood state for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder and research comparing patients with different mood states to dissect mood state-related effects.Finally,we briefly summarise current theoretical models and conclude this review by proposing potential avenues for future research.A comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology with consideration of mood states could not only deepen our understanding of how acute mood episodes develop at a neurophysiological level but could also facilitate the identification of biological targets for personalised treatment and the development of new interventions for bipolar disorder.

关键词： anatomy bipolar functional

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Unveiling the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 2alpha in osteoporosis:Implications for bone health

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第4期16卷 389-409页

作者： Ling-Ling Wang Zhan-Jin Lu Shun-Kui Luo yun Li Zhe Yang hong-yun Lu Department of Gerontology The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Zhuhai People’s Hospital(Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan Universitythe First Hospital Affiliated with Medical College of Macao University of Science and Technology)Zhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis(OP)has become a major public health problem worldwide.Most OP treatments are based on the inhibition of bone resorption,and it is necessary to identify additional treatments aimed at enhancing osteogenesis.In the bone marrow(BM)niche,bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)are exposed to a hypoxic environment.Recently,a few studies have demonstrated that hypoxiainducible factor 2alpha(HIF-2α)is involved in BMSC osteogenic differentiation,but the molecular mechanism involved has not been determined.aiM To investigate the effect of HIF-2αon the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs and the hematopoietic function of hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs)in the BM niche on the progression of OP.METHODS Mice with BMSC-specific HIF-2αknockout(Prx1-Cre;Hif-2αfl/fl mice)were used for in vivo experiments.Bone quantification was performed on mice of two genotypes with three interventions:Bilateral ovariectomy,semilethal irradiation,and dexamethasone treatment.Moreover,the hematopoietic function of HSCs in the BM niche was compared between the two mouse genotypes.In vitro,the HIF-2αagonist roxadustat and the HIF-2αinhibitor PT2399 were used to investigate the function of HIF-2αin BMSC osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation.Finally,we investigated the effect of HIF-2αon BMSCs via treatment with the mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR)agonist MHY1485 and the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin.RESULTS The quantitative index determined by microcomputed tomography indicated that the femoral bone density of Prx1-Cre;Hif-2αfl/fl mice was lower than that of Hif-2αfl/fl mice under the three intervention conditions.In vitro,Hif-2αfl/fl mouse BMSCs were cultured and treated with the HIF-2αagonist roxadustat,and after 7 d of BMSC adipogenic differentiation,the oil red O staining intensity and mRNA expression levels of adipogenesis-related genes in BMSCs treated with roxadustat were decreased;in addition,after 14 d of osteogenic differentiation,BMSCs treated with roxadustat exhibited increased expression of osteogenesis

关键词： Hypoxia-inducible factor-2α Bone marrow niche Bone mesenchymal stem cells Osteoporosis Osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation Mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway

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Individualized intensive insulin therapy of diabetes: Not only thegoal, but also the time

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第1期15卷 11-14页

作者： yun Hu hong-Jing Chen Jian-Hua Ma Department of Endocrinology The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi People's HospitalWuxi Medical CenterNanjing Medical UniversityWuxi 214023Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Endocrinology Nanjing First HospitalNanjing 210000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

Intensive insulin therapy has been extensively used to control blood glucose levels because of its ability to reduce the risk of chronic complications of diabetes.According to current guidelines,intensive glycemic control requires individu-alized glucose goals rather than as low as possible.During intensive therapy,rapid blood glucose reduction can aggravate microvascular and macrovascular complications,and prolonged overuse of insulin can lead to treatment-induced neuropathy and retinopathy,hypoglycemia,obesity,lipodystrophy,and insulin antibody syndrome.Therefore,we need to develop individualized hypoglycemic plans for patients with diabetes,including the time required for blood glucose normalization and the duration of intensive insulin therapy,which deserves further study.

关键词： Diabetes Intensive therapy Insulin Treatment-induced neuropathy

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Hepatic cystic lesions mimicking liver abscess on imaging: A report oftwo cases

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 86-89页

作者： yun-Wen Jiang Yong-hong Yu Tian-An Jiang Shu-Yuan Tian Department of Ultrasound Medicine Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310012China Department of Ultrasound Medicine the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

Hepatic cystic lesions include congenital dysplasia,inflammatory cystic lesions,neoplastic cystic lesions and parasitic cystic lesions.As different treatment modalities can be chosen for these lesions,differential diagnosis is particularly important[1].Clinical features or imaging findings of cystic lesions of the liver are typical;for instance,liver abscess often shows thick-walled enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT.

关键词： lesions Hepatic cystic

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Endosulfan residues and farmers’replacement behaviors of endosulfan in the north-west inland cotton region

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 35-47页

作者： Shuyan Zhou Yang Zhang Jingjing Wang Shikun Cheng Fuyan Zhuo yun hong School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing 100083China Foreign Environmental Cooperation Center Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing 100035China United Nations Development Programme in China Beijing 100600China National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center Beijing 100125China

We assessed the situation of endosulfan residues in cotton fields after the endosulfan ban came into effect and the current knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)of cotton farmers on the phase-out of endosulfan and the application of alternative technologies.Topsoil samples(n=91)of cotton fields were collected from the major cotton-producing areas in China,namely the north-west inland cotton region,and the endosulfan residues were analyzed.A KAP survey was carried out for cotton farmers,and 291 questionnaires were distributed.The influences of gender,age,education background,cotton planting years,publicity and training,income sources,and other factors on cotton farmers’KAP were analyzed.The results showed that endosulfan sulfate was the main endosulfan residue in the soil,followed byβ-endosulfan andα-endosulfan,the average residual contents were 0.569,0.139,and 0.060μg/kg,respectively.The results of the KAP study showed that cotton farmers scored low on knowledge about the phase-out of endosulfan and the application of alternative technologies but high on attitude and practice.The number of family members,years of cotton planting,age,and the cottonplanting area had different degrees of influence on KAP scores.The training could significantly improve the KAP scores of cotton farmers;training should be more targeted and designed reasonably for key groups,such as men and the population under 30,followed by training them to use pesticides safely.For large-scale cotton growers,training should focus on green prevention and control technologies.

关键词： Cotton fields Endosulfan residues Farmers KAP survey Replacement behaviours

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Analysis of mechanical strengths of extreme line casing joint considering geometric, material, and contact nonlinearities

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1992-2004页

作者： Ji-yun Zhang Chi Peng Jian-hong Fu Quan Cao Yu Su Jian-yun Pang Zi-Qiang Yu Petroleum Engineering School Southwest Petroleum University Engineering Technology Research Institute of CNPC Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company

To address the challenges associated with difficult casing running, limited annular space, and poor cementing quality in the completion of ultra-deep wells, the extreme line casing offers an effective solution over conventional casings. However, due to its smaller size, the joint strength of extreme line casing is reduced, which may cause failure when running in the hole. To address this issue, this study focuses on the CST-ZT Φ139.7 mm × 7.72 mm extreme line casing and employs the elastic-plastic mechanics to establish a comprehensive analysis of the casing joint, taking into account the influence of geometric and material nonlinearities. A finite element model is developed to analyze the forces and deformations of the extreme line casing joint under axial tension and external collapse load. The model investigates the stress distribution of each thread tooth subjected to various tensile forces and external pressures. Additionally, the tensile strength and crushing strength of the extreme line casing joint are determined through both analytical and experimental approaches. The findings reveal that, under axial tensile load, the bearing surface of each thread tooth experiences uneven stress, with relatively high equivalent stress at the root of each thread tooth. The end thread teeth are valuable spots for failure. It is observed that the critical fracture axial load of thread decreases linearly with the increase of thread tooth sequence. Under external pressure, the circumferential stress is highest at the small end of the external thread, leading to yield deformation. The tensile strength of the joint obtained from the finite element model exhibits a relative error of less than 7% compared to the analytical and experimental values,proving the reliability of the finite element model. The tensile strength of the joint is 3091.9 k N.Moreover, in terms of anti-collapse capability, the joints demonstrate higher resistance to collapse compared to the casing body, which is consistent with the test results where the pip

关键词： Extreme line casing Elastic-plastic mechanics Finite element analysis Tensile strength Collapse strength

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Diabetes mellitus in patients with type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis at diagnosis and after corticosteroid therapy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 393-398页

作者： Mei-Zi Li Tao Guo yun-Lu Feng Sheng-Yu Zhang Xiao-Yin Bai Xi Wu Kai Xu ai-Ming Yang Department of Gastroenterology State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China Department of Radiology Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China

Background:A high prevalence of diabetes mellitus(DM)coexisting with autoimmune pancreatitis(aiP)is observed.However,evidence on the circumstances under which corticosteroid therapy(CST)for aiP improves or worsens DM is scarce.This study aimed to demonstrate and identify predictors of DM control under the influence of CST.Methods:Patients diagnosed with type 1 aiP were enrolled from a prospectively maintained cohort and were classified into three groups according to the chronology in which aiP and DM were diagnosed:pre-existing DM(pDM),concurrent DM(cDM),and non-DM(nDM).The responses of DM to CST were assessed when corticosteroid was ceased or tapered to a maintenance dose and classified as‘improvement’and‘non-improvement’(including‘no change’and‘exacerbation’).Results:Among 101 patients with type 1 aiP,52(51.5%)patients were complicated with DM at the time of aiP diagnosis,with 36 patients in the cDM group and 16 patients in the pDM group.The incidences of diffuse pancreatic swelling(72.2%)and pancreatic body/tail involvement(91.7%)were significantly higher in the cDM group than in both the pDM and nDM groups.Of the 52 patients with DM,CST was administered in 48 cases.Multivariate logistic analysis identified that elevated serum gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)level at aiP diagnosis[odds ratio(OR)=0.032,95%confidence interval(CI):0.003-0.412,P=0.008]and pancreatic atrophy after CST(OR=0.027,95%CI:0.003-0.295,P=0.003)were negatively associated with DM control improvement.Conclusions:Patients with diffuse pancreatic swelling and pancreatic body/tail involvement in pancreatitis tended to be complicated with cDM at aiP diagnosis.CST exerted a beneficial effect on the clinical course of DM in nearly half of the aiP patients complicated with DM at diagnosis,particularly in those without elevated serum GGT levels at diagnosis and who did not experience pancreatic atrophy after CST.

关键词： Type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis Diabetes mellitus Corticosteroid therapy Predictive factor Pancreatic atrophy

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An exo Probe-based Reverse Transcription and Recombinase Polymerase Amplification for Rapid Detection of Feline Calicivirus in Cats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期37卷 325-330页

作者： MU hong yun ZHOU hong Lei JING Zheng LU Wei ZHANG Jian Wei Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College Taizhou 225300JiangsuChina Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health(Shanghai)Co. LTD.Shanghai 200040China

Feline calicivirus(FCV)was a highly prevalent RNA virus causing upper respiratory tract infections in cats through the mouth and nose around the world,result in the death of cats especially under 1 year old with upper respiratory tract disease(URTD)and virulent systemic disease(FCV-VSD)[1].Infected cats usually presented with mouth ulcers,salivation and gingivitis-stomatitis.Furthermore,both recovered cats and asymptomatic carriers can still carry and spread the FCV virus for extended periods of time,contributing to the potential for outbreak.This presented a significant threat to the health and lives of cats,and rare wildlife and took a heavy financial loss on the pet industry,making the prevention and control of the virus difficult.Hence,rapid identification of FCV in clinical samples was necessary to prevent the spread of FCV and avoid financial loss.

关键词： prevention respiratory Probe

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Human influence on the duration of extreme temperature events in Asia's hotspot regions

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 312-326页

作者： Zi-Meng WANG hong-yun MA Wei LI Hai-Shan CHEN Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Observations and models indicate that human activities exert a considerable impact on the frequency and intensity of extreme temperature events,which are associated with global warming.However,changes in the duration of extreme temperature events and their association with human influence have not been considered in most studies.Thus,the possible relationship between the observed changes in the warm and cold spell duration(WSDI and CSDI)in hotspot regions during 1960-2014 and human influence was investigated based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis version 1 and Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)data.Constraint projection based on these attribution results was also performed.The optimal fingerprinting technique was used to compare observed changes in WSDI and CSDI to simulated changes averaged across eight CMIP6 models.Results show that anthropogenic(ANT)forcing contributed to the observed increase in WSDI in the three hotspot regions(West Asia,South Asia and Southeast Asia),with the majority of the changes being attributed to greenhouse gas forcing.However,a generally weak ANT signal can be observed in the decreasing trend of CSDI and can be detected in South and Southeast Asia.The influence of aerosol forcing remains undetected in either WSDI or CSDI,which differs from the results for frequency and intensity of extreme temperatures.The attribution results revealed that the constrained projection of WSDI is lower than the raw projection for 2015-2100 in West Asia and Southeast Asia.However,no differences in future CSDI changes are found in Southeast Asia between the constrained and raw projections.

关键词： Extreme temperature events Duration Detection attribution Constraint projection Hotspot regions

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Systemic low-grade inflammation associated with specific depressive symptoms:insights from network analyses of five independent NHANES samples

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General Psychiatry 2024年第2期37卷 284-288页

作者： Jingyu Lin Haiming Huang Tianmei Si Lin Chen Jingxu Chen yun-ai Su Beijing Huilongguan Hospital BeijingChina Department of Clinical Laboratory Peking University First HospitalBeijingChina Neuropsychopharmacology Peking University Institute of Mental HealthBeijingChina National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders BeijingChina

To the editor:Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a heterogeneous disorder with varying symptom presentations and underlying biological mechanisms.1 The mainstream neurobiological hypotheses of depression involve monoami... 详细信息

关键词： inflammation depress pituitary

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