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Identifying key traits in high-yielding rice cultivars for adaptability to both temperate and tropical environments

The Crop Journal 2019年第5期7卷 685-693页

作者： Toshiyuki Takai Patrick Lumanglas Eliza Vie Simon yumiko arai-sanoh Hidetoshi Asai Nobuya Kobayashi Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences TsukubaIbaraki 305-8686Japan International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro ManilaPhilippines Institute of Crop Science National Agriculture and Food Research Organization(NARO)TsukubaIbaraki 305-8518Japan

Increasing rice yield potential is a continuous challenge posed by world population *** increase yield potential,favorable alleles of valuable genes need to be accumulated in promising *** conducted comparative yield trials for two years in Tsukuba,Japan,in a temperate region and at the International Rice Research Institute(IRRI),Philippines,in a tropical region using five high-yielding rice cultivars:Takanari and Hokuriku193,developed in Japan,and IR64,NSIC Rc158,and YTH183,developed in the *** plus genotype×environment interaction(GGE)biplot analysis across four environments(two regions×two seasons)classified the five cultivars into four categories:Takanari and YTH183 showed high adaptability to both tropical and temperate regions,Hokuriku193 was suitable for temperate regions,NSIC Rc158 was suitable for the tropics,and IR64 was inferior to the other cultivars in both *** high yield and adaptability in Takanari and YTH183 were attributed to their large sink capacity with good grain *** plant type for high yield was different,however,between the two cultivars;Takanari was a panicle-weight type,whereas YTH183 was a panicle-number *** of F2 progeny of a cross between Takanari and YTH183 showed transgressive segregation for number of panicles per plant as well as number of spikelets per panicle,leading some F2 plants to produce more spikelets per plant(corresponding to larger sink size)than the parental cultivars in both *** results suggest the possibility of developing rice cultivars with high yield potential in both temperate and tropical regions by crossing temperate with tropical high-yielding cultivars.

关键词： Adaptability Genotype×environment interaction Rice Sink capacity Yield potential

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Exploring the novel role of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in phagocytosis:beyond myelinogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 473-474页

作者： Gen Hamanaka Ken arai Neuroprotection Research Laboratories Departments of Radiology and NeurologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA

Roles of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the central nervous system:Oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)have long been recognized for their critical role as precursors to oligodendrocytes,the primary myelin-producing *** precursors,OPCs mature and differentiate into oligodendrocytes,which contribute significantly to the formation of myelin sheaths around *** myelination,which is critical for the conduction of salutatory nerve impulses in the cerebral white matter,underscores the classical role of oligodendrocytes in central nervous system(CNS)***,because oligodendrocytes are differentiated cells that cannot proliferate.

关键词： critical system conduction

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Inelastic constitutive equation of plasma-sprayed ceramic thermal barrier coatings

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2011年第2期24卷 161-168页

作者： Masayuki arai Materials Science Research Laboratory Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry

Ceramic thermal barrier coatings （TBCs） are a very important technology for protecting the hot parts of gas turbines （GTs） from a high-temperature environment. The coating stress generated in the operation of GTs brings cracking and peeling damage to the TBCs. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate precisely such coating stress in a TBC system. We have obtained a stress-strain curve for a freestanding ceramic coat specimen peeled from a TBC coated substrate by conducting the bending test. The test results have revealed that the ceramic coating deforms nonlinearly with the applied loading. In this study, an inelastic constitutive equation for the ceramic thermal barrier coatings deposited by APS is developed. The obtained results are as follows：（1） the micromechanics-based constitutive equation was formulated with micro crack density formed at splat boundary, and （2） it was shown that the numerical results for a nonlinearly deformed beam simulated by the developed constitutive equation agreed with the experimental results obtained by cantilever bending tests.

关键词： Inelastic constitutive equation Thermal barrier coating Gas turbine Micromechanics

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Effect of Plate Position and Size for Self-Induced Flow Oscillation of Underexpanded Supersonic Jet Impinging on Perpendicular Plate

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Journal of Thermal Science 2011年第3期20卷 238-241页

作者： Tsuyoshi Yasunobu yumiko Otobe Hideo Kashimura Department of Control & Information Systems Engineering Kitakyushu College of Technology Sii Kokuraminami-ku Kitakyushu-shiFukuoka 802-0985 Japan

When the underexpanded supersonic jet impinges on the obstacle, it is well known that the self-induced flow oscillation occurs at the specific condition of the pressure ratio in the flowfield, the position of an obstacle and so on. This oscillation is related with the noise problems of aeronautical and other industrial engineering so that the characteristic and the mechanism of self-induced flow oscillation have to be cleared to control the various noise problems. But, it seems that the characteristics of the oscillated flowfield and the mechanism of oscillation have to be more clear to control the oscillation. This paper aims to clarify the effect of the plate position and the width for the self-induced flow oscillation of an underexpanded supersonic jet impinging on the perpendicular plate by the experiment and the numerical analysis. From the results, it is clear that the occurring domain of the self-induced flow oscillation and its dimension strongly depend on the plate position and the width.

关键词： Compressible Flow Supersonic Jet Mach Disk Barrel Shock Flow Oscillation

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Hand-holding and releasing between the anion and cation to change their macroscopic behavior in water

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第2期4卷 127-130页

作者： Kosuke Kuroda yumiko Shimada Kenji Takahashi Faculty of Biological Science and Technology Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa University

Despite the similarity of ionic liquid and zwitterion, their some properties such as conductivity and hydrophobicity are different. Here we developed a novel phosphonium salt having a dynamic covalent bond between anion and cation, enabling reversible structural shift between free ion pair and zwitterion. With the phosphonium salt, control of the macroscopic phase behavior in aqueous solution, i.e. forming mono-or biphasic systems, upon exposure to an acid or base was reversibly achieved, based on the structural shift of the phosphonium salt. CO_2/N_2 bubbling reversibly changed the phase behavior as well as acid/base, leading to green separation systems.

关键词： Ionic liquid Zwitterion Phase separation Dynamic covalent bond

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Shock Wave in Supersonic Moist Air Jet for a Low Pressure Ratio

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Journal of Thermal Science 2011年第4期20卷 289-293页

作者： yumiko OTOBE Hideo KASHIMURA Toshiaki SETOGUCHI Kitakyushu National College of Technology Saga University

In the present study,a computational fluid dynamics work was performed to investigate the occurrence of the shock wave by condensation in supersonic moist air *** unsteady,compressible axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equation is solved by TVD(Total Variation Diminishing) scheme in this *** numerical simulations have been performed for low pressure ratio and various *** results show the occurrence of the shock wave in supersonic moist air jet for a low pressure ratio when Mach disk does not occur,depending on humidity of the air.

关键词： compressible flow axisymmetric flow shock wave condensation humidity

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Characteristic and Mechanism of Pressure Fluctuation Caused by Self-Induced Oscillation of Supersonic Impinging Jet

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Journal of Thermal Science 2013年第2期22卷 123-127页

作者： Tsuyoshi Yasunobu yumiko Otobe Hideo Kashimura Department of Control & Information Systems Engineering Kitakyushu College of Technology

When the underexpanded supersonic jet impinges on the obstacle, it is well known that the self-induced flow os- cillation occurs. This oscillation depends on the pressure ratio in the flowfield, the position of an obstacle and is related with the noise problems of aeronautical and other industrial engineering. The characteristic and the mechanism of self-induced flow oscillation, have to be clarified to control various noise problems. But, it seems that the characteristics of the oscillated flowfield and the mechanism of an oscillation have to be more cleared to control the oscillation. This paper aims to clarify the effect of the pressure ratio and the obstacle position and the mechanism of self-induced flow oscillation by numerical analysis and experiment, when the underexpanded su- personic jet impinges on the cylindrical body. From the result of this study, it is clear that occurrence of the self-induced flow osciUation depends on the pressure balance in the flowfield.

关键词： Supersonic Jet Mach Disk Barrel Shock Flow Oscillation Flow Visualization Numerical Analysis

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How to Transmit Disaster Information Effectively:A Linguistic Perspective on Japan’s Tsunami Warnings and Evacuation Instructions

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2013年第3期4卷 150-158页

作者： Kyoko arai Faculty of Business Administration Toyo UniversityTokyo 112-8606Japan

When the disastrous tsunamis hit East Japan on 11 March 2011, the hi-tech information transmission system that is the pride of Japan was unable to send out the Tsunami Warnings effectively;many lives were lost as a result. Subsequently, the Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA) set up a committee of experts to improve the overall system. Last year as a result of their meetings, a report on The Improvement of the Information Text for the Tsunami Warnings was announced. The changes are, however, problematic from the linguistics perspective as the committee did not include any experts in the field. This study examines a range of recordings of the Tsunami Warnings and the Evacuation Instructionsi given for the East Japan tsunami disaster from the perspective of linguistics, especially pragmatics, whose main objective is to discover how recipients interpret verbal messages. The aim of this article is to propose further improvement to the transmission system of Tsunami Warnings and Evacuation Instructions. This study also emphasizes the necessity and importance of reexamining the overall disaster information transmission issue in Japan, from the linguistics perspective.

关键词： disaster Japan recording

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Detection of small delamination in mullite/Si/SiC model EBC system by pulse thermography

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2019年第3期8卷 438-447页

作者： Yutaro arai Ryo INOUE Department of Materials Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science6-3-1NiijyukuKatsushika-kuTokyo125-8585Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo University of Science6-3-1NiijyukuKatsushika-kuTokyo125-8585Japan

The pulse thermography(PT) technique was applied to the detection of the delamination of a multi-layered coating system composed of mullite/Si onto a reaction-bonded Si C substrate. The potential evaluation was carried out in order to detect internal delamination in multi-layered material system. Moreover, the observation of the cross sections and 3D views obtained by X-ray computed tomography(CT) indicated that the delamination occurred at the interface between the top coat and the bond coat layers. The changes in the temperature distribution obtained by PT indicated the existence of a delamination area in the top coat layer of the mullite. In particular, the lower temperature region corresponded to the delamination area. The experimental results confirmed that the PT technique is effective with respect to the internal delamination of multi-layered coating system.

关键词： environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) delamination pulse thermography (PT) multi-layer image processing

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History of Incarnations (’Khrung rabs) of Sangs rgyas rgya mtsho

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中国藏学 1992年第S1期 307-314页

作者： yumiko Ishihama

1. Introduction As is generally known, after the 1642’ s triumph of the dGe lugs sect, a sect of the TibetanBuddhism, against the opposing, the Karma sect, three important figures appeared upon the sceneof Tibetan history. One of them was, of course, Gusi Khan from the Oyirad tribe of Mongol, whosupported the dGe lugs sect militarily. Another was the Regent who was originally the treasurer of

关键词： of Sangs rgyas rgya mtsho History of Incarnations Khrung rabs

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