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Mineral compositions in breast milk of healthy Chinese lactating women in urban areas and its associated factors

Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第14期127卷 2643-2648页

作者： Zhao Ai Ning Yibing zhang yumei Yang Xiaoguang Wang Junkuan Li Wenjun Wang Peiyu Peking Univ Dept Nutr & Food Hyg Sch Publ Hlth Hlth Sci Ctr Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Nestle Res Ctr Beijing 100095 Peoples R China Chinese Ctr Dis Control Prevent Natl Inst Nutr & Food Safety Beijing 100050 Peoples R China Nestle Nutr Inst Beijing 100102 Peoples R China

Background Optimal mineral intakes are important for infant growth and development. However, data on mineral compositions of breast milk in Chinese women are scarce, and most were acquired before 1990. The objectives of this study were three-fold：（1） to investigate the mineral compositions of Chinese healthy mothers＇ breast milk in different lactation stages; （2） to explore correlations among mineral concentrations in breast milk; and （3） to explore the associated factors affecting mineral compositions in breast milk. Methods The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） was used to analyze mineral concentrations in breast-milk of 444 healthy lactating women from three cities in China. A questionnaire was used to survey socio- demographic characteristics and pregnancy history. Food intakes by lactating women were measured using both food frequency questionnaire and one cycle of 24-hour dietary recall. Results Mineral compositions of breast milk varied in different regions. Concentrations of most minerals were higher in the first one or two months of lactation, and then decreased with time, except for magnesium and iron. Inter-mineral correlations existed among several minerals. The calcium-to-phosphorus ratio was above 2：1 in each lactation stage. Women with caesarean section had higher concentration of iodine in the transitional milk （349.9 pg/kg） compared to women with natural delivery （237.5 pg/kg, P〈0.001）. Dietary mineral intakes, supplements, food intake frequencies in the recent 6 months, maternal age and maternal BMI did not show significant correlations with concentrations of milk minerals （all P 〉0.05）. Conclusions Milk minerals decreased with time, and changed most rapidly in the first one or two months of lactation. Caesarean section might affect the iodine level in transitional milk. Chin Med J 2014;127 （14）： 2643-2648

关键词： human breast milk mineral inter-mineral interactions associated factors

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对出生队列研究中“母乳喂养及膳食摄入”调查的思考

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中华围产医学杂志 2022年第7期25卷 494-497页

作者：张玉梅北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系北京100191

探讨出生队列中的营养问题,对出生队列的孕乳母及其子代生后的营养调查、母乳采集、母乳成分研究与母乳喂养调查内容提出建议。同时对子代出生后婴幼儿期的随访时间、"母子对"设计、膳食摄入及饮食行为调查提出研究者需要思考的问题。

关键词：母乳喂养进食膳食调查出生队列队列研究

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Straw mulching alters the composition and loss of dissolved organic matter in farmland surface runoff by inhibiting the fragmentation of soil small macroaggregates

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1703-1717页

作者： Shanshan Cai Lei Sun Wei Wang Yan Li Jianli Ding Liang Jin yumei Li Jiuming zhang Jingkuan Wang Dan Wei College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Heilongjiang Academy of Black Soil Conservation and Utilization Harbin 150086China Institute of Plant Nutrition Resources and EnvironmentBeijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

Straw mulching is a widespread practice for reducing the soil carbon loss caused by erosion.However,the effects of straw mulching on dissolved organic matter(DOM)runoff loss from black soil are not well studied.How straw mulching affects the composition and loss of runoff DOM by changing soil aggregates remains largely unclear.Here,a straw mulching treatment was compared to a no mulching treatment(as a control)on sloping farmland with black soil erosion in Northeast China.We divided the soil into large macroaggregates(>2 mm),small macroaggregates(0.25-2 mm),and microaggregates(<0.25 mm).After five rain events,the effects of straw mulching on the concentration(characterized by dissolved organic carbon(DoC)and composition(analyzed by fluorescence spectroscopy)of runoff and soil aggregate DOM were studied.The results showed that straw mulching reduced the runoff amount by 54.7%.Therefore,although straw mulching increased the average DOc concentration in runoff,it reduced the total runoff DOM loss by 48.3%.The composition of runoff DOM is similar to that of soil,as both contain humic-like acid and protein-like components.With straw mulching treatment,the protein-like components in small macroaggregates accumulated and the protein-like components in runoff declined with rain events.Fluorescence spectroscopy technology may help in understanding the hydrological paths of rain events by capturing the dynamic changes of runoff and soil DOM characteristics.A variation partitioning analysis(VPA)indicated that the DOM concentration and composition of microaggregates explained 68.2%of the change in runoff DOM from no mulching plots,while the change in runoff DOM from straw mulching plots was dominated by small macroaggregates at a rate of 55.1%.Taken together,our results demonstrated that straw mulching reduces the fragmentation of small macroaggregates and the loss of microaggregates,thus effecting DOM compositions in soil and reducing the DOM loss in runoff.These results provide a theoretical basis for reducing carbon loss

关键词： dissolved organic matter black soil surface runoff aggregates fluorescence spectrum

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A novel gene R049 identified in uropathogenic Escherichia coli provides partial protection in mice from colonization

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第8期56卷 755-761页

作者： CHEN JinYing GE Xin zhang yumei LIN Xu zhang Wei YANG Xi Department of Medical Microbiology Tianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 China Research Center of Molecular Medicine Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350004 China Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R3E OW3 Canada

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli(UPEC) is the most common causative organism of human urinary tract infection(UTI).Several UPEC virulence factors have been identified,but more are yet to be found.We previously identified a novel 789-bp-long DNA fragment(named R049) in UPEC strain 132 using a suppressive subtractive hybridization technique.In the present study,we used genome walking to elongate the sequence of this fragment to obtain the whole gene sequence and examined the role of this gene product in generating protective immunity.Through bioinformatic analysis,we predicted that this gene is a 1311-bp open reading frame(ORF),which we designated ORFR049(GenBank accession No.:EF488001).We further constructed a prokaryotic expression system to express full recombinant R049 protein and isolated and purified the protein through IPTG induction and nickel affinity chromatography.Using mouse immunosera generated by the purified protein,we confirmed the natural expression and outer membrane localization of the protein in wild-type strain UPEC132 by Western blotting.To test the potential of this protein as a vaccine candidate,we immunized mice with the recombinant protein before challenging them with UPEC132 through the urinary tract.The results showed significantly reduced bacterial colonization in the urine and kidneys of the immunization group compared with the control group.However,the degree of renal pathological damage was not significantly improved in the immunized mice.Our study has identified a novel gene of UPEC which can generate protective immunity against UTI.This novel gene provides a promising new vaccine candidate.

关键词：保护性免疫免疫小鼠大肠杆菌基因组肾炎定植抑制消减杂交技术 GenBank

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Effect of Wheel Load on Wheel Vibration and Sound Radiation

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2015年第1期28卷 46-54页

作者： HAN Jian WANG Ruiqian WANG Di GUAN Qinghua zhang yumei XIAO Xinbiao JIN Xuesong State Key Laboratory of Traction Power Southwest Jiaotong University

The current researches of wheel vibration and sound radiation mainly focus on the low noise damped wheel. Compared with the traditional research, the relationship between the sound and wheel/rail contact is difficulty and worth studying. However, there are few studies on the effect of wheel load on wheel vibration and sound radiation. In this paper, laboratory test carried out in a semi-anechoic room investigates the effect of wheel load on wheel natural frequencies, damping ratios, wheel vibration and its sound radiation, The laboratory test results show that the vibration of the wheel and total sound radiation decrease significantly with the increase of the wheel load from 0 t to 1 t. The sound energy level of the wheel decreases by 3.7 dB. When the wheel load exceeds 1 t. the attenuation trend of the vibration and sound radiation of the wheel becomes slow. And the increase of the wheel load causes the growth of the wheel natural frequencies and the mode damping ratios. Based on the finite element method （FEM） and boundary element method （BEM）, a rolling noise prediction model is developed to calculate the influence of wheel load on the wheel vibration and sound radiation. In the calculation, the used wheel/rail excitation is the measured wheel/rail roughness. The calculated results show that the sound power level of the wheel decreases by about 0.4 dB when the wheel load increases by 0.5 t. The sound radiation of the wheel decreases slowly with wheel load increase, and this conclusion is verified by the field test. This research systematically studies the cffcct of wheel load on wheel vibration and sound radiation, gives the relationship between the sound and wheel/rail contact and analyzes the reasons, therefore, it provides a reference for further research.

关键词： wheel load vibration and sound radiation finite element method （FEM） boundary element method （BEM） laboratory test field test

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Aerosol deposition technology and its applications in batteries

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第1期6卷 24-37页

作者： Xinyu Wang Ramon Alberto Paredes Camacho Xiaoyu Xu yumei Wang Yi Qiang Hans Kungl Ruediger-AEichel Yunfeng zhang Li Lu National University of Singapore(Chongqing)Research Institute Chongqing401123PR China National University of Singapore Singapore117576 Fundamental Electrochemistry(IEK-9) Institute of Energy and Climate ResearchForschungszentrum Jülich52425JülichGermany

Aerosol deposition(AD)method is a kind of additive manufacturing technology for fabricating dense films such as metals and ceramics at room temperature.It resolves the challenge of integrating ceramic films onto temperaturesensitive substrates,including metals,glasses,and polymers.It should be emphasized that the AD is a spray coating technology that uses powder without thermal assistance to generate films with high density.Compared to the traditional sputter-based approach,the AD shows several advantages in efficiency,convenience,better interfacial bonding and so on.Therefore,it opens some possibilities to the field of batteries,especially all-solidstate batteries(ASSBs)and draws much attention not only for research but also for large scale applications.The purpose of this work is to provide a critical review on the science and technology of AD as well as its applications in the field of batteries.The process,mechanism and effective parameters of AD,and recent developments in AD applications in the field of batteries will be systematically reviewed so that a trend for AD will be finally provided.

关键词： Aerosol deposition Room temperature impact consolidation Ceramic film All-solid-state battery Spray coating technology

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关于既有住宅增设电梯常见问题的思考

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建筑结构 2022年第12期52卷 46-48页

作者：张玉梅中国建筑标准设计研究院有限公司北京100037

为适应老龄化社会需要,我国目前有大量多层既有住宅正在进行增设电梯的升级改造。就既有住宅增设电梯设计中遇到的前期技术资料收集、现场勘察、设计中结构形式选择原则、电梯与主体结构连接方式、新增电梯设计使用年限、结构计算总信... 详细信息

为适应老龄化社会需要,我国目前有大量多层既有住宅正在进行增设电梯的升级改造。就既有住宅增设电梯设计中遇到的前期技术资料收集、现场勘察、设计中结构形式选择原则、电梯与主体结构连接方式、新增电梯设计使用年限、结构计算总信息参数、结构计算结果分析、地基基础设计、上部主体结构设计、节点做法、增设电梯设计等常见问题进行了归纳总结及深入探讨,供工程技术人员参考。

关键词：既有住宅增设电梯设计原则电梯与主体结构连接方式

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Chemical modification and the photoluminescence stabilization of titanic acid nanotubes

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Science China Chemistry 2006年第2期49卷 155-161页

作者： zhang Xingtang WANG yumei zhang Chunmei JIANG Xiaohong TIAN Baoli LI Yuncai HUANG Yabin DU Zuliang Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials Henan University Kaifeng 457001 China Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials Henan University Kaifeng 457001 China Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials Henan University Kaifeng 457001 China Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials Henan University Kaifeng 457001 China Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials Henan University Kaifeng 457001 China Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials Henan University Kaifeng 457001 China Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials Henan University Kaifeng 457001 China Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials Henan University Kaifeng 457001 China

Titanic acid nanotubes (H2Ti2O4(OH)2) were surface-modified with cetyl alcohol through dehydration reaction because of existence of Ti–OH. The modified nanotubes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry and pho-toluminescence (PL) spectra. The results indicate that the modified nanotubes can be easily dis-persed into organic solvent such as chloroform and toluene in contrast with the unmodified nanotubes, which makes it easier to be assembled by LB technique. Moreover, the Ti-O-CH2(CH2)14CH3 on the surface of the nanotubes can hinder the adsorption of water and consequently the photoluminescence property of the nanotubes can be stabilized. Even though kept in humid condition or in air for a long time, the modified nanotubes also maintain the special photoluminescence property in the visible re-gion.

关键词： titanic acid nanotubes, surface-modification, photoluminescence.

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Combined effects of climate and land-use changes on the alpha and beta functional diversities of terrestrial mammals in China

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Chao zhang yumei Li Wei Wang Zexuan Gao Hanqing Liu Yonggang Nie Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences Hebei University University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Climate and land-use changes are predicted to impact biodiversity,threatening ecosystem services and functions.However,their combined effects on the functional diversity of mammals at the regional scale remain unclear,especially at the beta level.Here,we use projected climate and land-use changes in China to investigate their potential effects on the alpha and beta functional diversities of terrestrial mammals under low-and high-emission scenarios.In the current projection,we showed strong positive spatial correlations between functional richness and species richness.Functional evenness (FEve),functional specialization (FSpe),and functional originality (FOri)decreased with species richness,and functional divergence (FDiv) increased first and then plateaued.Functional beta diversity was dominated by its nestedness component,in contrast to the taxonomic facet.Potential changes in species richness are more strongly influenced by land-use change under the low-emission scenario,while under the high-emission scenario,they are more strongly influenced by climate change.Changes in functional richness (FRic) were inconsistent with those in species richness,with a magnitude of decreases greater than predicted from species richness.Moreover,mammal assemblages showed potential functional differentiation (FD) across the country,and the trends exceeded those towards taxonomic differentiation (TD).Our findings help us understand the processes underlying biodiversity responses to global changes on multiple facets and provide new insight for conservation plans.

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农村居民自建住房抗震鉴定加固探讨

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建筑结构 2022年第16期52卷 107-110,16页

作者：张玉梅中国建筑标准设计研究院有限公司北京100037

主要介绍农村居民自建住房中常见的一、二层砌体结构、木结构住宅抗震鉴定加固的步骤、内容及注意事项。鉴定内容涉及后续使用年限的确定、技术资料的收集、建筑现状调查、建筑场地调查、砌体结构房屋构造措施及外观和内在质量检查、木... 详细信息

主要介绍农村居民自建住房中常见的一、二层砌体结构、木结构住宅抗震鉴定加固的步骤、内容及注意事项。鉴定内容涉及后续使用年限的确定、技术资料的收集、建筑现状调查、建筑场地调查、砌体结构房屋构造措施及外观和内在质量检查、木结构房屋构造鉴定及外观质量检查。阐述了基础裂损、承载力不足、基础底面积不足三种情况的加固。针对砌体结构加固,介绍了钢筋网砂浆面层加固、增设抗震墙加固、外加圈梁钢筋混凝土柱加固、钢筋混凝土板墙加固四种方法。针对木结构的加固,介绍了加固原则、加固顺序、木构架加固、木构件的加固及维护砖墙加固。

关键词：农村居民自建住房抗震鉴定加固砌体结构木结构

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